नाट्यशास्त्रम् (प्रथम भाग - अभिनवभारती एवं हिन्दी टीका सहित)

124 THE NATYASASTRA [ VII. 25

21. Energy which has effort as its basis and which grows out of alertness and such other qualities, should be represented on the stage by acts of vigilance and the like

Fear

Fear (bhaya) relates to women and persons of the inferior type. It is caused by Determinants such as acts offending one's superiors and the king¹, roaming in a forest, seeing an elephant and a snake, staying in an empty house, rebuke [from one's superiors], ²a dark rainy night, hearing the hooting of owls and the cry of animals that go out at night, and the like. It is to be represented on the stage by Consequents such as, trembling hands and feet, palpitation of the heart, paralysis, dryness of the mouth, licking the lips, perspiration, tremor, apprehension [of danger], seeking for safety, running away, loud crying and the like.

On this point there are Ślokas :

22. Fear arises from an embarassment due to offending one's superiors and the king, seeing terrible objects and hearing awful things.

23. This is to be represented with tremor of the limbs, panic, drying up of the mouth, hurried movement, widely opened eyes and such other gestures and actions.

24. Fear in men arising from terrifying objects should be represented on the stage by actors (lit. dancers) with slackened limbs and suspended movement of the eyes.

There is also an Āryā on this point :

25. This (fear) should be represented on the stage with tremor of hands and feet, and palpitation of the heart, paralysis, licking the lips, drying up of the mouth, loosened limbs and sinking (viṣaṇṇa) body.

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22 (B.34, G.21). 23 (B.35, G.22),
24 (B.36, G.23).
25 (B.37-38, G.24).