नाट्यशास्त्रम् (प्रथम भाग - अभिनवभारती एवं हिन्दी टीका सहित)

242 THE NATYASASTRA [ XIV. 37-

[Now comes the question] : Why is [it called] pravṛtti (report) [of the Local Usages] ? [In answer to this] it is said that pravṛtti is so called because it informs [one] about the Local Usages regarding costumes, languages, manners and professions in different countries of the world. Vṛtti and pravṛtti mean 'information', There are many countries in this world. Hence it is asked, "How a fourfold division of these (i.e. the four pravṛttis) [can be] proper ? And an observance of all these pravṛttis possess [some] common characteristics." [In reply] it has been said, "It is true that their observance has [some] common characteristics ; but as people have different native countries, costumes, languages and manners, I have prescribed a fourfold classification of the dramatic performance which is attached to four different Styles according to the preference of [different] people. [Hence] countries are connected with the performance which relate to the Styles such as the Verbal (bhāratī) the Grand (sāttvatī), the Graceful (kaiśikī) and the Violent (ārabhaṭī). And from these [countries] arise the four pravṛttis (Local Usages) and also the [entire] performance including them.

The Dākṣiṇātyā Local Usage

Now [it is said] in that connexion (lit. there) that the Southern [countries] favour various kind of dances, songs and instrumental music, an abundance of the Graceful (kaiśikī) Style and clever and graceful gestures. They are as follows :

37 Countries adjacent to mountains named the Mahendra, the Malaya, the Sahya, the Mekala and the Kālapañjara¹, are known as the Dākṣiṇāpatha (Deccan).

38-39 [But] Kosala, Tosala, Kaliṅga¹, Yavana, Khasa, and countries like Dramiḍa, Andhra, Mahārāṣṭra², Vaiṇṇa and Vana-

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37 (B.XIII.39, G.39). ¹ Kālapa jara seems to be same as modern Kāliñjara (=Kālapi jara) ; piñjara is a variant of pañjara; see Paia-saddamahannavo, sub voce.
38-39 (B.XIII.40-41, G.40-41). * See note 1 to 43-45.
• ² Andhra-Mahārāṣṭra may also be taken as the name of the great Andhra empire (mahā-rāṣṭra).