नाट्यशास्त्रम् (प्रथम भाग - अभिनवभारती एवं हिन्दी टीका सहित)

550 THE NATYASASTRA [ XXXV. 91-

with women [for the same purpose] and who is ready-witted, a maker of funs, and whose speech is always connected (lit. adorned) with the disclosure of extremely humerous ideas, is called the Jester (vidūṣaka).

Characteristics of the master-musician

91-92. One who is an expert in playing all kinds of musical instruments and has taken [specially] to Tūrya, is called Tūrapati¹, Tūryapati or Tauripā (master-musician).

Meaning of the word 'Naṭa'

92-93. The meaning of its root naṭa is to act (lit. acts), and hence, as he acts (represents) the affairs of men with the Sentiments, the States and the Temperament, he is [called] an Actor (naṭa)¹.

The Benediction defined

93-95. As one addresses by it the people with sweet words of blessing and auspicious ceremonies, it is called the Benediction. Because in the performance of a drama one speaks through it in many ways of the welfare¹ of people by means of reading prayers in Prakrit or Sanskrit, it is called Benediction².

Characteristics of the Director

95-96. One who knows from the instruction of the Śāstra the principles (sūtra) of songs (gāna), instrumental music (vādya) and the Recitatives, [and all these] in conformity with one another is called the Director (sūtradhāra, lit. holder of principles).

Characteristics of the playwright

96-97. As one assigns [in a play] the [different] States together with the [different] Temperaments to different characters¹, one is called the play-wright (nāṭyakāra)².

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91-92 (C.72; K.XXXV.26). ¹ śūrapati, C. for turapati, K.
92-93 (C.73; K.XXXV.27). ¹ For another def. see below 97-93.
93-95 (C.74-75; K.XXXV.28-29). ¹ nānyo, C. for nāndyo, C.
² These two def. of the Benediction (nāndī) seem to be out of place here. For the other def. see NŚ. V. 24-25; 107-113.
95-96 (C.76; K.XXXV.30).
96-97 (C.77; K.XXXV.31). ¹ Read bhūmi-vikalpam for °vikalpo, C. vikalpaiti, K.
² His duty was to compose a play on any given theme. He is comparable to 'poets' employed by Elizabethan theatrical companies.