वेदों की प्राचीनता एवं काल-निर्णय / ओरायन (लोकमान्य बाल गंगाधर तिलक - खगोलीय वैदिक शोध)

106 THE ARCTIC HOME IN THE VEDAS. a perpendicular plane, like the wheel of a chariot, or in a horizontal plane like the potter’s wheel. But the first of these two motions cannot be predicated of the dawn anywhere on the surface of the earth. The light of the morning is, everywhere, confined to the horizon, as described in the Ṛig-Veda, VII, 80, 1, which speaks of the dawn as “unrolling the two rajasî, which • border on each other (samante), and revealing all things.” * No dawn, whether in the frigid, the temperate, or the tropical zone can, therefore, be seen travelling, like the sun, from east to west, over the head of the observer in a perpendicular plane. The only possible wheel-like motion is, therefore, along the horizon, and this can be witnessed only in regions near the Pole. A dawn in the temperate or the tropical zone is visible only for a short time on the eastern horizon, and is swallowed up, in the same place, by the rays of the rising sun. It is only in the Polar regions that we see the morning lights revolving along the horizon for some day- long periods of time, and if the wheel-like motion of the dawn, mentioned in III, 61, 3, has any meaning at all, we must take it to refer to the revolving splendours of the dawn in the Arctic re- gions previously described. The expressions “reaching the ap- pointed place (niṣh-kṛitam) day by day” (I, 123, 9), and “wending ever and ever to the same goal” (III, 61, 3) are also ill-suited to describe the dawn in latitudes below the Arctic circle ;: but if we take these expressions to refer to the Polar dawn they become not only intelligible, but peculiarly appropriate, as such a dawn in its daily circuits must come to the point from which it started every twenty-four hours. All these passages taken together, therefore, point only to one conclusion, and that is that both the Ṛig-Veda and the

• Ṛig. VII, 80, 1,—विवर्तयंती रजसी समंते अविष्कृण्वती भुवनानि विश्वा । See Wallis’ Cosmology of the Ṛig-Veda, p. 116.