पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

136 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ IV. 56 about the Sun being in the northern hemisphere. But when they are of the same direction, and one is to be deducted from the other, the author mentions only the case where Sūryāgrā is to be deducted from the Sun (thereby assuming ‘the sine’ to be greater) the case in which the Sun is taken to be in the southern hemisphere. We have seen that when ‘the sine’ and Sūryagrā are of the same direction, the Sun is to be taken as in the northern hemisphere in the case (iv) in which Sūryagrā is greater, and ‘the sine’ is deducted from it. The author has omitted to mention this case. Has he forgotten it? We think not. He hopes that the reader himself will infer the changes to be made in this contingency, viz, that ‘the sine’ is to be deducted from Sūryagrā, and as the result is to be considered negative, and as the Agrā thus got is negative it is to be taken as south, and as south Agrā is for the Sun in the northern hemisphere, the Sun in the northern hemisphere will be inferred. As for TS and NP, here too they interpret Sūryāgrā as Agrā. They are not aware of the error that would be caused by this in the situation of the Sun, the hemispheres being reversed. For the matter of that they do not refer to the Sun’s situation at all, nor to the contingency of the reversal the sub- tractor and the subtrahend. [इति पञ्चसिद्धान्तिकायाम् वराहमिहिरविरचितायां करणाध्यायश्चतुर्थः]¹ Thus ends Chapter Four entitled ‘Three Problems: Time, Place and Direction in the Pañcasiddhāntikā composed by Varāhamihira

1. Col. A.C.D. इति करणाध्यायश्चतुर्थः