पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

160 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ VI.5 13°, and even a little more. The author instructs that the correction should be applied only if the difference is less than 13°. But TS (also NP), have taken the word bhāgaiḥ as it is and given the interpretation, because they do not know the nature or the rationale of the correction. Here, Thibaut alone says (vide page 43 of Eng. Translation): “To the duration so found stanza 4 directs us to apply a correction whose rationale we are however unable to assign”, and thus accepts ignorance. But S. Dvivedi in his Sanskrit Commentary says that the Moon’s motion varies from time to time, and this correction is to rectify the error due to the variation. He is unable to see that the variation of the Moon’s motion has nothing to do with the correction here, and cannot be related to it. [विमर्दकालः] किन्वन्तरांशहीनैः पञ्चभिरूना हता दश ‘कृत’घ्नाः । तत्पदमेकाश्विघ्नं प(ञ्चां)शोऽस्माद् विमर्दकलाः ॥ ५ ॥ Total obscuration 5. Deduct the difference of the longitudes between the Moon and Rāhu from five degrees. Deduct this from ten degrees, and multiply the remainder by this itself and by four. Find the square root of the result and multiply it by 21. The minutes of arc of total obscuration is got. This dividend by the daily motion gives the time. The rule given is as follows: Minutes of obscuration = 21 × √{5 − (Moon ~ Rāhu)} [10 − {5 − (Moon ~ Rāhu)}] × 4/5. This can be simplified as: Minutes of obscuration = 2 × 21 √(5² − (Moon ~ Rāhu)²)/5. = 2 × 21 × √(25 − (Moon ~ Rāhu)²)/5. This multiplied by 60 and divided by the daily motion gives the duration of obscuration in nāḍikās. Here, 21 × (Moon ~ Rāhu)/5 is the Moon’s latitude at full moon. The latitude according to the Paulīśa has been shown to be (Moon ~ Rāhu) × 380′/90, where Moon ~ Rāhu is in degrees. As 380/ 90 is very nearly equal to 21/5, we can say: Latitude in minutes = 21 × (Moon ~ Rāhu)/5. It must be noted that we use here the corrected Rāhu to get Moon ~ Rāhu. So, the latitude obtained is the correct latitude. Therefore, no correction is necessary here corresponding to that of verse 4, above. Now, the rule is explained thus: In this Siddhānta, the difference between the semi-diameters of 5a. B.किं चंतराशहीनैः (B3.किं चतय रा०) b. B1.पञ्चाभी. B.हता द om श. A.क्रतघ्नाः c. B. om घ्नं d. A.B.पञ्चाशो