पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

XXVI PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ SAURA-SIDDHĀNTA Candra-sphuṭa II.2-6 Nakṣatra II.7 Yuga I.14-16 Tithi II.7 Lord of the year I.17-18, 21 Aharmāna II.8 Lord of the month I.19, 21 Śaṅkucchāyā II.9-10 Lord of the Horā I.20, 21 Lagna II.11-13 Graha-madhya XVI.1-11 Candra-grahaṇa VI.1-14 Graha-sphuṭa XVII.1-11 Grahāstodaya XVIII.1-60 Graha-vikṣepa XVII.13-14 Candra-grahaṇa X.1-7 PAITĀMAHA-SIDDHĀNTA Ravi-grahaṇa IX.1-27 Ahargaṇa XII.1-2 Grahāstodaya XVII.11-12 Nakṣatra XII.3 Tithi XII.3 VĀSIṢṬHA-SIDDHĀNTA Vyatīpāta XII.4 Ravi-sphuṭa II.1 Aharmāna XII.5 With regard to the Chapters and verses not included in the above table, some, like chapters XI to XV, and several verses, are of a general nature, applicable to all the siddhāntas and in the case of the others it is difficult to identify positively the siddhāntas to which they pertain. 11. Comparative Study of the Siddhāntas It can be seen from the above Table that several of the topics selected by VM from the different siddhāntas for depiction in the PS are common. This should enable a comparative study of the common topics, the more important of which are noticed in the Table below. In this connection it is necessary to point out, an erroneous view current, to the effect, that the Pauliśa siddhānta is accurate, the Romaka is equally accurate, the Saura is still more accurate and that the Vāsiṣṭha and Paitāmaha highly inaccurate. This view has been brought into vogue through two unwarranted emendations introduced by TS and NP into the text of the following verse in the PS: Pauliśatithis sphuṭo 'sau tasyāsannas tu Romaka-proktaḥ | spaṣṭataraḥ sāvitraḥ pariśeṣau dūravibhraṣṭau || PS. I.4 ‘The tithi resulting from Pauliśa is tolerably accurate and that of the Romaka approximate to that. The tithi of the Saura is very accurate. But that of the remaining two (viz., the Vāsiṣṭha and the Paitāmaha) have slipped far away (from the real).’ Here VM speaks only about the tithi, (lunar day), as computed during his time according to the different siddhāntas; He is not making a relative estimate of the siddhāntas as such or in respect of the various other computations. As elucidated in the Note to this verse in the body of this book (p.5) : “The five Siddhāntas are compared here with reference to their tithi alone because that is the chief of the five aṅgas, viz., tithi, vāra, nakṣatra, yoga and karaṇa; that is most useful not only for religous purposes but also for civil purposes; that is independent of the origin of reference in the ecliptic and can be examined for correctness by observation of eclipses and heliacal rising; and that is used in finding the days from Epoch, the sine qua non of all astronomical computation. “This being the case, the change of tithi into kṛta by the late Dr. G. Thibaut and M.M. Sudhakara Dvivedi (TS for short), especially when the manuscripts read only tithi or titha, is unwarranted, to say the least. Doing this, they have condemned the Vāsiṣṭha Siddhānta beyond