पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

XVIII.69 XVIII. STAR-PLANETS 357 Note 2. The cycle given for each planet is only the period of the planet’s synodic revolution con- verted into the solar days, i.e., it is the synodic period × 360° ÷ 365-15-30, nearly. When so con- verted, we have: | | Mercury | Venus | Mars | Jup. | Saturn | | The regular synodic days: | 115-52-45 | 583-55 | 779-57 | 398-53 | 378-6 | | Converted into solar days: | 114 6/29 | 575½ | 768-45 | 393 1/7 | 372 2/3 | The second set is given for the respective planet, saying that the synodic period is so many ‘days’. Not knowing this TS have remarked that they do not understand why there is so much difference in the periods from the regular days generally known. Also, they say they cannot dismiss them as wrong, since the numbers given are checked in the computation itself. (See pages lxiii-lxiv of Intro- duction in TS’s edition). NP have understood that the cycles are in solar ‘days’. But, they have remarked that ‘VM’ has con- fused the days and degrees, not realising that there is a purpose in giving the cycles in the solar day units. These units have been used because, now, the ‘days’ and the ‘degrees’ will have the same meaning, and they can be combined without, at every point, instructing it. Thus, ultimately, the combined value is the degrees of the true planet. Example 1. Days from epoch 1,20,553. Find the ‘days’, and assuming the Sun at epoch as zero, find the Sun at the end of 1,20,553 days. 1,20,553 × 360 ÷ 365-15-30 = 1,18,187.5 ‘days’. This plus zero, and divided out by 360° = 17°.5, Sun’s longitude. [कुजस्फुट:] ‘नवयम (गुणर्तु’ हीने) ‘कृता’ (ह) ते ‘विषयसप्तखाग्नि’हृते । भूयो (हृ)ते चतुर्भिः [निरंश] दिवसा महीजस्य ॥ ६७ ॥ ‘षड् (विषयै)’ ‘स्ति (थ्यू)’नः दृष्टो ‘वसुधृति’ [भि]-रंशकाः (ष)ष्टिः अष्टशतेन(च)षष्टिः सप्तत्या(त्र्य)धिकया नवतिः ॥ ६८ ॥ षष्ट्याष्टयुक्तया (श) तदलं च ‘खाश्वि द्विकै’: ‘स्वराद्रि’ (घ्राः) । अस्तमितोऽतः सप्ताष्टकेन तिथयो’ निरंशग (गतिः) ॥ ६९ ॥ || कुजः || Motion of Mars 67. Subtract 6329 from the ‘days’. Multiply the remainder by 4 and divide out by 3075. Take the remainder and divide by 4. These are the ‘days’ after con- junction (i.e., the anomaly of conj.) for Mars. 68-69. After 56 ‘days’ it goes behind the Sun by 15°, and becomes observable, (i.e., the heliacal setting ends). In 188, 108, 73, 68, 220, ‘days’ Mars lags behind by 60°, 60°, 90°, 50°, 70°, respectively. Then it sets heliacally, and in 56 ‘days’ lags 15° behind and goes into conjunction.