सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

136 and then the elongation has to increase as the Uccha gained over the Sun, the initial conjunction was the modern Superior conjunction. The other position of the Uccha when again the elongation i'e. the equation is Zero must be therefore the Inferior conjunction. Also at the motion of Superior conjunction, the planet must be having the maximum daily motion, as it is clear from a heliocen- tric figure that at that point the relative motion of the planet with respect to a geocentric observer is the sum of the velocities of the planet and the earth. Hence this Uccha is spoken of as the Śīghroccha also because the Uccha being a geocentrically moving point having helio- centric angular motion, its velocity is always greater than that of its planet namely the Sun. The word Uccha is applied because at the Superior conjunction the planet is farthest or highest from the earth. The excess of the longitude of this Uccha over the longitude of the planet ie. the Sun is known as the Śīghrakendra or anomaly as it is said in the verse under commentary ‘चलोच्चं ग्रहोनं भवेत् शीघ्रकेन्द्रम्’. Thus in the case of Mercury and Venus, the Śīghraphala came to be discovered first. This being dis- covered, formulated as will be shortly shown, and applied to the mean Sun as the planet, still it was found that there was a difference between the computed position and the observed position. Such differences were tabulated. By analogy from the case of the Sun and the Moon, it was thought that there should be also a Mandoccha here also, so that the point indicated by the position of the mean planet after being corrected by the equation where the above tabulated difference was zero, was identified as the Mandoccha. From the H Sine of the maximum difference taken as the radius of the Manda epicycle, its circumference was then computed. In the case of the superior planets, we have already said that the geocentric sidereal periods accord with their heliocentric ones. Calculating the mean position of the planet and finding its difference from the observed true