सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

309 ties of the shadows being A, B and C. In the first case AL = Karnāgra = a (Karnāgra is the distance of the extremity of the shadow from the E.S.L. namely K.L.R. whereas bhuja is the distance of the same from the East- west line namely PMN) AM = bhuja and ML = s so that b=a+s addition being justified since both a and s are of the same direction namely north. In the second case BK = Karnāgra, BN = bhuja and NK = s so that b=s-a, the difference being justified because a is south and s north. Here we have taken the difference as s-a and not a-s because s is numerically greater and being oriented north, the bhuja is north. In the third case, PR=s, CP=b and CR=a so that b=a-s, the difference being justified be- cause s is north and a south. Also we have taken the difference as a-s and not s-a because a is numerically greater and as such lends its direction namely 'south' to the bhuja. Thus in the three examples cited, addition is prescribed between a and s only when the extremity of the shadow is to the north of E.S.L. In the case of A=S+B or B=A-S also, addition is prescribed only when δ is south, which means that the corresponding a ie. AL is north. In fact the prescription of addition or differ- ence accord in the cases of both the equations either A=B+S or a=b+s. Verses 74 and 75. Hereafter questions are being set and answered on diurnal problems. Seeing the shadow of the gnomon, the azimuth and longitude of the Sun or seeing two shadows with their respective directions, whoever knows the equinoctial shadow of the place, I consider him as the Garuda or Eagle who could overcome the false pride of puffed up snakes of astronomers. Given that when K=30 units, the bhuja is 3 units south, and when K=15, the bhuja is 1 unit north, com- pute the latitude, or again given H sin δ = 846 and given K and b of a shadow, compute the equinoctial shadows.