सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

528 H sin β = (H Sin λ × H Sin i) / R or β = (H Sin λ × i) / 120 since β and i are small and R is taken to be 120′, we have the successive values of M₁L₁, M₂L₂ etc. of the celestial latitudes of the Moon for arcs RM₁, RM₂ etc. successively equal to 15°, 30° etc. given by 70, 135, 191, 234, 261, 270. In other words the maximum celestial latitude is 270′ = 4½°. Since when λ = 15°, taking R = 120 β = 70′, the first Sarakhanda ie the celestial latitude for λ = 15°, is 70′ (H cos λ × 70) / 120 Bhāskara Calls Koṭiphala. It will be noted here that the first Sarakhanda is taken to mean the increase in the celestial latitude from zero to 70′ when the longitude increases from 0° to 15°. The argument adduced by Bhāskara in such a context is as follows: “If for a H Cosine λ equal to R equal to 120′ (when λ = 0) we have the first Sarakhanda namely 70′, what shall we have for an arbitrary H Cosine λ”. The result is (H cos λ × 70) / 120 = ⁷⁄₁₂ H cos λ. Since the word Cosine means Koṭijyā, Bhāskara calls this Koṭiphala. Now in fig. 125, let rL = 15°, then LK = 362′ as given by Brahmagupta. Bhāskara takes this 362 as Δ (δ) where δ is the declination of the foot of the celestial latitude of the Moon. Then if β be the celestial latitude of the Moon, Bhāskara construes that Δ β is given by the formula ⁷⁄₁₂ H Cos λ, which he calls Koṭiphala. Taking Δ δ ± Δ β as the joint variation of δ and β which is roughly equated with the variation in the modern declination MN of the Moon, Bhāskara's argument is “If for a longitude r M = 15° of the Moon corresponds Δ δ ± Δ β what should be the longitude corresponding to the declination Ap of the Moon