सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

549 45. Karṇāgrajyā or : The Hindu sine Agrajyā multiplied by K, simply Karṇāgrā and divided by R where K is the hypotenuse of the gnomonic triangle whose two sides are the gnomon and its shadow and R the radius of the celestial sphere taken to be 3438 units. 46. Kendra : The centre of a circle. 47. Ketu : The diametrically opposite point of Rāhu. Rāhu also means the circular section of the earth’s shadow at the Moon. 48. Kha-Svastika : The Zenith at a place. 49. Koṭijyā : Hindu Cosine of an angle. 50. Krānti or Apama: The declination of a point on the ecliptic. 51. Krānti-Vṛttam : Ecliptic. 52. Kṛtayuga : Four times the period of a Kaliyuga. 53. Kṣayamāsa : That lunar month in which there are two Saṁkramaṇas. 54. Kṣitija : The Horizon at a place. 55. Kujyā : The Hindu sine measured in the diurnal circle corresponding to the Carajyā defined above. 56. Lagna : The Rāśi which rises at any moment or the rising point of the ecliptic. 57. Lambajyā : The Hindu Cosine of the latitude. 58. Lambana : Parallax in longitude. 59. Mahāyuga : The Sum of the four yugas mentioned above. 60. Manvantara : A period equal to 71 Mahāyugas.

550 61. Nakṣatra : A star. Also the time which elapses as the longitude of the Moon increases by 13⅓ degrees starting from the zero point of Aśvini. 62. Nākṣatra-Dina : The time that elapses between two consecutive risings of a star. 63. Nākṣatra-māsa : The time taken by the Moon to go from Aśvini again to Aśvini. 64. Natakāla : Hour angle measured in ghaṭis. 65. Natāṁśajyā : Hindu sine of the Zenith distance. 66. Nati : Parallax in latitude. 67. Nīcoccavṛtta : Epicycle. 68. Parama-Antyā : The Antyā when the celestial body is at the point of intersection of the celestial equator and the meridian or what is the same at the point of culmination. 69. Paramakrānti : Obliquity of the ecliptic taken by the Hindu astronomers to be 24°. 70. Pāta : The point of time when the declinations of the Sun and the Moon are equal and of the same sign or opposite sign. Also it means the point of intersection of two great circles. 71. Prācī : East point. 72. Prācyaparā : East-west line. 73. Prativṛtta : The circle in which the planet moves and whose centre is at a distance from the centre of the Kakṣāmaṇḍala or the orbit of the mean planet. This is the same as the orbit of the the true planet supposed to be a circle.

551 74. Rāhu : The point of intersection of the Moon's path with the ecliptic (ascending point of the Moon's path). Also it means the circular section of the earth's shadow at the Moon. 75. Rāśi : An arc equal to 30° (on the ecliptic). 76. Samabindu or : North point. Udagbindu 77. Samamaṇḍala : Prime vertical. 78. Sama-Śaṅku : The Hindu cosine of the altitude when the Sun is on the Prime Vertical. 79. Saṁkramaṇa : The point of time when the Sun enters from one Rāśi to another of the twelve Rāśis, Meṣa etc. measured from the zero- point of the Hindu Zodiac. 80. Śaṅku : Gnomon. 81. Śaṅku : The Hindu sine of the Altitude. (Also means) 82. Śaṅku-cchāyā : The shadow cast by the gnomon. 83. Saura-māsa : The time when the Sun occupies one Rāśi. 84. Śara : The Hindu versed-sine of the hour-angle. Also it means celestial latitude. 85. Sāvanāha : The time between two consecutive Sun-rises. 86. Sūtra : The Hindu sine of the complement of the hour-angle. 87. Taddhṛti : The Hṛti of a celestial body when it is on the prime vertical. 88. Tithi : The time taken by the elongation of the moon to increase by 12° starting from zero.

552 89. Tithi-kṣaya : Since a Tithi falls short of a Sāvanāha or civil day, in course of time, it so happens, that a tithi begins after sun-rise and does not last upto the next sun-rise. Such a tithi is said to be lost and goes by the name Tithi kṣaya. One such tithi kṣaya occurs out of 64 tithis approximately or eleven out of 703 more approximately. 90. Tretāyuga : Thrice the period of a Kaliyuga. 91. Trijyā : The Hindu sine of three Rasis or 90° equal to R or 3438 units. 92. Udaya : Rising or heliacal rising. 93. Unmaṇḍala or : The great circle through the celestial pole Udvṛtta and the east point. 94. Unmaṇḍala : The Hindu cosine of the altitude of a Śaṅku celestial body situated on the unmaṇḍala. 95. Upavṛtta : A small circle parallel to the prime vertical through a star or a planet. 96. Vighaṭi or Vināḍi: One sixtieth of a ghaṭī. 97. Vikṣepa or śara : Celestial latitude. or Viśikha 98. Viṣuvatbindu : Equinoctial point. 99. Viṣuvat-chāyā : The shadow cast by the gnomon when the Sun is at the point of intersection of the celestial equator and the meridian on an equinoctial day. 100. Viṣuvat-Vṛtta : Celestial equator. 101. Vṛtta or Maṇḍala: A circle.

553 102. Yāmyottara- : The Hindu sine of the Altitude of a saṁku or Celestial body situated on the meridian. Dinārdha-Śaṅku 103. Yāmyottaravṛtta : The meridian at a place. 104. Yaṣṭi : R² - Ayanavalanajā² Yaṣṭi has also another meaning namely the length of the perpendicular from a point on the diurnal circle on the plane parallel to the plane of the horizon through the point of intersection of the diurnal circle with the unmaṇḍala. 105. Yoga : The time which elapses when the sum of the longitudes of the Sun and the Moon to increase by 13¹⁄₃º starting from zero. 106. Yuti : Conjunction.