द इण्डियन स्ट्रगल / भारतीय स्वाधीनता संग्राम (नेताजी सुभाष चन्द्र बोस - ऐतिहासिक विश्लेषण)

THE FIGHT RESUMED 287 States, however, there was trouble. The year before, there was trouble in Kashmir, where the peasants (who are pre- dominantly Moslems) rose in revolt against the Hindu Maharajah. Though the grievances were mainly economic, a communal colouring was given to the movement by Moslem sympathisers in British India and also by the peasants them- selves, who in some cases attacked their Hindu fellow-subjects. However, with the help of troops from British India, the revolt was suppressed but as a price for the assistance rendered him, the Maharajah had to submit to the terms of the British Government in the matter of appointing British officers. To appease his subjects, the Maharajah undertook to make concessions in land revenue, to extend primary education, to give a share of state-appointments to all communities and to introduce a measure of constitutional reforms, including a Legislative Assembly. The first elections to the Kashmir Legislative Assembly took place in September 1934. In May 1932, trouble broke out in Alwar State, similar to that in Kashmir, the only difference being that the trouble was more communal and less economic than in Kashmir. To put down the rebellious Moslem subjects, troops from British India had to be called in. The assistance was welcomed by the Maharaja, but when the British Government sought to impose their conditions,¹ the Maharajah refused to submit. The dispute between the Maharajah, and the British Govern- ment went on for some time, but ultimately the former was ordered to leave his state. That order holds good to-day. One of the surprises of the year was the result of the elections held in Burma in November 1932 to decide whether Burma was in favour of separation from India. The year before, Burma had been in the throes of a peasant rebellion, a serious disturbance, the like of which India had not seen since 1857. The rebellion continued for more than a year. In 1932, the situation gradually became quiet and orders were issued for a General Election. On the ground that the electoral rolls had been prepared in 1931, when many of the ¹ One of the conditions was that the Maharajah should submit to a Control Commission, The trouble of May 1932 subsided by September. But agrarian unrest of a violent type broke out in January 1933. In May 1933 the Maharajah was ordered to leave his state.