उपदेशसाहस्री (आदि शङ्कराचार्य - गद्य व पद्य भाग)

4 A THOUSAND TEACHINGS शिष्यस्य ज्ञानाग्रहणं च लिङ्गैर्बुद्ध्वा अग्रहणे हेतून अधर्म- लौकिक-प्रमाद-नित्यानित्यविवेकविषयासञ्जातदृढपूर्वश्रुतत्व-लोक- चिन्तावेक्षण-जात्याद्यभिमानादीन् तत्प्रतिपक्षैः श्रुतिस्मृतिविहितैः अपनयेत्, अक्रोधादिभिरहिंसादिभिश्च यमैः, ज्ञानाविरुद्धैश्च नियमैः ॥ ४ ॥ 4. When the teacher finds from signs that know- ledge has not been grasped (or has been wrongly grasped) by the disciple he should remove the causes of non-comprehension which are past and present sins, laxity,¹ want of previous firm knowledge of what con- stitutes the subjects ² of discrimination between the eternal and the non-eternal, courting popular esteem, vanity of caste etc., and so on, through means contrary to those causes, enjoined by the Srutis and Smritis viz. avoidance of anger etc., and the vows (Yama³) con- sisting of non-injury etc., also the rules of conduct that are not inconsistent with knowledge. अमानित्वादिगुणं च ज्ञानोपायं सम्यक् ग्राहयेत् ॥ ५ ॥ 5. He should also thoroughly impress upon the disciple qualities like humility, which are the means to knowledge. आचार्यस्तूहापोहग्रहणधारणशमदमदयानुग्रहादिसम्पन्नो लब्धा- गमो दृष्टादृष्टभोगेष्वनासक्तः त्यक्तसर्वकर्मसाधनो ब्रह्मवित् ब्रह्मणि स्थितोऽभिन्नवृत्तो दम्भदर्पकुहकशाठ्यमायामात्सर्यान्नृताहङ्कारम- ¹ Unrestrained conduct, speech, eating, etc. ² viz., the Self and the non-Self. ³ i.e., non-injury, truthfulness, non-stealing, contin- . ence and non-acceptance of gifts.