उपदेशसाहस्री (आदि शङ्कराचार्य - गद्य व पद्य भाग)

194 A THOUSAND TEACHINGS [CHAP. XVII oneness of the Self¹ is to be known by the under- standing of the Vedic sentences.² वाच्यभेदात्तु तद्भेदः कल्प्यो वाच्यो हि तच्छ्रुतेः । त्रयं त्वेतत्ततः प्रोक्तं रूपं नाम च कर्म च ॥ १० ॥ 10. (One may object that Brahman and the indi- vidual Self are different from each other as they are the meanings of two words which are not synonymous. The objection is not reasonable) inasmuch as one has to know the difference between the words from that between their meanings and the difference between their meanings from that between the words. (There- fore the objector is led to the fallacy of reciprocal dependence. So no difference between them can be accepted, there being no Vedic evidence.) (Objection.) As the Sruti states three things besides the Self viz., names, forms and actions (it evidently supports the existence of things other than the Self). असदेतत्तत्रयं तस्मादन्योन्येन हि कल्पितम् । कृतो वर्णो यथा शब्दाच्छ्रुतोऽन्यत्र धिया बहिः ॥ ११ ॥ दृष्टं चापि यथारूपं बुद्धेः शब्दाय कल्पते । एवमेतज्जगत्सर्वं भ्रान्तिबुद्धिविकल्पितम् ॥ १२ ॥ 11, 12. (Reply.) As they are inter-dependent³ like a painting⁴ and a description⁴ of it those three are unreal. ¹ Oneness of the Self with Brahman. ² Such as, 'Thou art That', 'I am Brahman' and so on. ³ Br. U., 1. 6. 3. ⁴ For we paint a picture (say, of a god) with the help of imagination when we hear a word (viz., the name of the god). Again, similarly, we give a name to a painting when we see it, say, on a wall.