वेदान्त पारिजात सौरभ (भगवद् निम्बार्काचार्य - द्वैताद्वैत वेदान्त ब्रह्मसूत्र भाष्य सटीक)

[SŪ. 3. 2. 14, ADH. 5.] VEDĀNTA-KAUSTUBHA 529 are known to have Brahman as their creator from the use of the first person in the text: ' "Let me evolve name and form " ' (Chānd. 6.3.2). Hence it is established that the Supreme Brahman is subject to kar- mas, and every imperfection is possible on the part of one who is subject to karmas,—the author replies: One to whom the forms together with the names,—such as the divine bodies and the rest, created by Brahman in accordance with the works of the individual soul,—are not objects of enjoyment is "without form". Hence Brahman, who is "without form indeed" does not proceed to evolve names and forms for His own enjoyment, since all His desires are eternally fulfilled The word "for" indicates the absence of all imperfections, arising from the material names and forms, on the part of Brahman. Why? "On account of being the principal (agent) with regard to that," i e. because "with regard to that", or with regard to that act, Brahman is the principal agent, the creator of names and forms, in accordance with the scriptural text. "The ether, verily, is the creator of names and forms" (Chānd. 8.14.1.). That the Highest creates names and forms for the sake of the individual soul, is indicated by the words 'by the individual soul' (jīvena).¹ The individual soul, possessed of the stated marks, is a part of Brahman ; and Brahman, the Whole, dwells in it, in accordance with the scriptural text: "He who dwelling in the soul" (Śat Br. 14.6.7 30 ²). Here,³ any activity in connection with the creation of names and forms being impossible on the part of a mere part (viz. the individual soul), the term 'individual soul' refers to Brahman, the Whole, acting for the good of the part. Hence the two words 'jīvena' and 'ātmanā' refer to the same object (viz. Brahman). The individual soul being subject to karmas is connected with these forms, and hence imperfections are possible on its part. But Brahman, though the creator of names and forms in accordance with the works of the individual souls, is not the enjoyer of their fruits, and as such the stated imperfections can never pertain to Him. Hence Brahman is possessed of a two-fold characteristic. ¹ Vide Chānd. 6.3.2—"Anena jīven-ātmanā anupraviśya nāma-rūpe vyā- karavāṇi". ² P. 1074, line 18. ³ Viz. in the above passage—Chānd 6.3.2.