प्राचीन भारत में शिक्षा (डॉ. ए.एस. अल्तेकर - गुरुकुल एवं बौद्ध विहार शिक्षण इतिहास)

318 EDUCATION IN ANCIENT INDIA

Self-respect encouraged in students, 13. Self-restraint and student life, 14. Shadaṅgas, 305. Sippas or branches of useful edu- cation, 306. Ship-building, 202. Smṛiti age, education in, 149-57. Smṛitis, study of, 153; reverence for, 252, Snāna, see under Samāvartana, Social efficiency, as aim of edu- cation, 15-16. Society, its help for education, 93-5; makes provision for poor students; 312-3. Sources, 2-3. Śrāvaṇi, why so called, see under Upākarma. Staff of the students, 280. State, see under Government. Strabo on Indian character, 244. Spinning, and women, 222-3. Students, their duties towards teachers, 58-60; how far working in their teachers' houses, 59-60; their relation' with their teachers in after- life, 62; their marriages with teacher's daughters, 61-2; daily routine of their life, 62-4; their duty to beg, how far discharged, 64-66; general rules for their life, 66-8; how far staying with their teachers, 30-1; boarding arrangements for, 76; and marriage, 25, 215-6; free boardings for, 116, 182, 185. Shudras, and Vedic studies, 44-5. Surgery, training in, 185-6. Svetaketu on post-collegiate edu- cation, 284.

T

Taxila, as centre of education, 104-10; its early history, 104; Greek influence over, 105-6; not a University of the modern type, 106; its all-India fame, 107-8; boarding arrangements, 108; subjects taught at, 109; how destroyed, 109-10. Taxation, exemption from, 99. Teacher, his importance, 48; re- garded as a spiritual father, 49; why venerated, 50, his training, 51-2; qualifications of, 52; usually a householder, 33; his income, 56-8; 133-4; his caste, 41-2; his relations with stu dents, 60-1; must not delay- education, 58; must not sti pulate for fees, 78; must take filial care of students, 55; must not with-hold anything from students, 54; domestic work in his house, 59; his high code of honour, 58; his power of inflicting physical punishment, 27-8; daughters of, marrying students, 61-2, Women as, 210. Teaching, method of, in Vedic period, 144-146; 148; in Vedic classes, 158-9 in primary schools, 176; the place of cramming in, 161; and of exposition, 162-3, individual attention in, 164; senior stu- dents' help in, 165. Temple Colleges, 74, 130-8; Text books, competition for, 156-7. Tibet and Nâlandâ scholars, 122, and Vikramasîlâ scholars, 126. Tīrthas as centres of education, 104. Tirumukkudal temple college, 133. Tiruvorriyur temple college, 134. Tols, 141, Tonsure, 267. Training colleges for teachers, 51. Treasure-trove laws, 99.

U

Ugrabhūti, his efforts to get his book prescribed, 156.