प्राचीन भारत में शिक्षा (डॉ. ए.एस. अल्तेकर - गुरुकुल एवं बौद्ध विहार शिक्षण इतिहास)

INDEX 319 Universities, 72-4. 117. Upādhyāyā, 210. Upākarma, at the beginning of the college term, 282-3; why ex- tended to all, 284-5; description of, 285-6; and the sacred thread, 286. Upanayana, its antiquity, 270; meaning of. 268-9; when per- formed, 272; performed by married men, 268-9; a simple ritual, 270; when and why made compulsory 269; as the second birth, 49 m; why prescribed for the dumb and deaf, 269; why prescribed as a Prāyaśchitta, 269 of Asvattha tree, 270; critical survey of, 274-8; significance of; the presentation to deities in, 276, presentation to the teacher in, 277; teaching of the Sāvitrī mantra in, 278; significance of the whole ritual, 281-2; of Kshatriyas and Vaishyas, 43; of women, 206, 213; for Āyurveda students, 289; for Dhanurveda students, 291. Upanishad age, education in, 147-9, 236 8. Utsarjana ceremony, at the end of the session, 286-7. V Vacation, 85-6. Vaishyas, their Upanayana and Vedic studies, 43. Valabhi as a centre of education, 123-5. Varâhamibira on eclipses; 252-3: on Greeks' achievements in astro- nomy, 256. Vedic study, how far a mere cramming. 144-8; its nature in different periods, 144-147, 149; falling into background, 149; during 1-1200 A. D. 149-50; and Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras, 43-44. Vernaculars, education in, 259-60; in Europe, 260, Veterinary science, 190. Vidyās, 14, App. IV. Vidyārambha Sanskāra, 265-8. Vikramasīlā Monastic college, 125-9 W Wastage in Education, 264. Women, status of, 212-14; Upana- yana of, 206; 213; as teachers, 210; as poetesses 217-18; as Vedic seers, 205; as governors, 221; and medical studies, 219; scholars mentioned in Brahmayajña, 208; literacy among 212, 223-4; age at the marriage of, 215; and military training, 221, their economic position, 222. Work, in teachers' houses, 59-60. Y Yajñopavīta, originally an upper garment of skin, then of cloth, 294-5; how supplanted by the thread, 296; could be removed, 298. Yuan Chwang, on Indian charac- ter 244-5. Z Zemandars, and Sanskrit Pâtha- sâlâs, 141.

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ABBREVIATIONS AND TRANSLITERATION ABBREVIATIONS A. D. S. Āpastamba Dharma Sūtra A. G. S. Āpastamba Gṛiha Sūtra A. N. Aṅguttara Nikāya Ait. Ar. Aitareya Āraṇyaka Alberuni Sachau, Alberuni's India Aś. Gr. S. Āśvalāyana Gṛihya Sūtra A. S. R. Archæological Survey of India, Annual Reports, New Series A. S. W. I. Archæological Survey of Western India, Reports of. A. V. Atharvaveda B. D. S. Baudhāyana Dharma Sūtra Bau. Gr. S. Baudhāyana Gṛihya Sūtra Beal, Life. Life of Hiuen Tsiang Bh. Gr. S. Bhāradvāja Gṛihya Sūtra Bṛ. Up. Bṛihadāraṇyaka Upanishad Ch. Up. Chhāndogya Upanishad Dr. Gr. S. Drāhyāyaṇa Gṛihya Sūtra E. C. Epigraphia Carnatica E. I. Epigraphia Indica Elliot, History Elliot's History of India, as told by its historians, Vols. I-2, London, 1870. Go. Br. Gopatha Brāhmaṇa Go. Gr. S. Gobhila Gṛihya Sūtra Hi. Gr. S. Hiraṇyakeśi Gṛihya Sūtra I. A. Indian Antiquity I. M. P. Inscriptions from Madras Presidency. I.-tsing Record of the Western World by I-tsing, edited by Takakusu

viii J. A. S. B. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal J.B.B.R.A.S. Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. J. B. O. R. S Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Re- search Society Jai. Gr. S. Jaimini Gṛihya Sūtra Jai. Up. Br. Jaimini Upanishad Brāhmaṇa K. M. Kāvyamīmānsā Kh. Gr. S. Khādira Gṛihya Sūtra Kū. P. Kūrma Purāṇa K. S. Kāṭhaka Saṁhitā Kss. Kathāsaritsāgara K. UP. Kaṭhopanishad Ma. Gr. S. Mānava Gṛihya Sūtra M. A. S. I. Memoirs of the Archæological Survey of India Mbh. Mahābhārata Mil. Pan. Milinda Pañha (S. B. E. edition) M. N. Majjhima Nikāya M. S. Maitrāyaṇīya Saṁhitā Mu. Up. Muṇḍakopanishad M. V. Mahāvagga N. S. Nītiśataka P. Gr. S. Pāraskara Gṛihya Sūtra Par. Ma. Mādhava's commentary on Parāśara Smṛiti P. M. Pūrva Mīmānsā Pr. Up. Praśnopanishad R. V. Ṛig-veda Sachau Alberuni's India, edited by Sachau Śānti P: Śānti Parvan of the Mahābhārata Sāraṅga. P. Sāraṅgadhara Padhati Ś. Br. Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa S. B. E. Sacred Books of the East Series

ix SCS. Smṛitichandrikā, Sanskāra Kāṇḍa S. I. E. R. Annual Reports of South Indian Epigraphy. Tai. Ar. Taittirīya Āraṇyaka Tai. Br. Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa T. S. Taittirīya Saṁhitā Tai Up. Taittirīya Upanishad V. D. S. Vasishṭha Dharma Sūtra Va. Gr. S. Varāha Gṛihya Sūtra Vaj. Sam. Vājasaneya Saṁhitā Vi. Dh. S. Vishṇu Dharma Sūtra or Vishṇu Smṛiti VMS. Vīramitrodaya, Saṁskāra-prakāśa Watters, Watters, on Yuan Chwang's Travels Yaj. Yājñavalkya-Smṛiti S. R. S. Subhāshita-Ratna-Sandoha S. R. B. Subhāshita-Ratna-Bhāṇḍāra TRANSLITERATION Current words like Brahmana, Vaishya or Shudra and modern names like Sivaji and Paithan are written usually without diacritical marks. Sanskrit, Prākrit and Pāli words are transliterated according to the following scheme. आ ā ई ī ऊ ū ऋ ṛi विसर्ग ḥ ङ् ṅ च ch छ chh ञ ñ ट ṭ ठ ṭh ड ḍ ढ ḍh ण ṇ श ś ष sh स s ह h ळ ḷ क्ष kṣh ज्ञ jñ. Sometimes the long vowel is denoted also by the mark ^ above it ; e. g. आ by â.

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