काव्यमीमांसा (महाकवि राजशेखर - कवि-रहस्य एवं देश-विभाग सटीक)

SEVENTH ADHYĀYA 169 ll. 11–17. Sentences are again classified here according to the sect to which the speaker belongs, such as the ब्राह्म or शैव or वैष्णव. This classification should be known by the reader as it is a part of his education. Rājaśekhara, in writing this chapter, seems to have drawn his information mainly from the Vāyupurāṇa. Bāṇa, in his Harṣacarita and Kādambarī mentions this Purāṇa, and the Sārasvateya cult which is inculcated in the Harṣacarita and the Kāvyamīmāṁsā, is chiefly derived from the same Purāṇa. Rājaśekhara in his description of the five kinds of speech also seems to be indebted to the Vāyu and other Purāṇas. This group is named as Brāhma and is divided into five classes: स्वायंभुव, ऐश्वर, आर्ष, आर्षिक and आर्षिपुत्रक. This classification actually appears in the Vāyupurāṇa (chapter 59), though the definitions and illustrations of these five kinds of speech are not found in it. Through this classification, Rājaśekhara seeks to trace the origin and develop- ment of human speech. ll. 19–23. Here two kinds of speech स्वायंभुव and ऐश्वर are differ- entiated. The first is स्वायंभुव or the primitive speech in which neither the ideas follow in their logical sequence, nor the language appears to be refined, though it is able to express all objects, and even go so far as to describe the methods leading to salvation. Svayambhū is supposed to be the originator of two kinds of speech, one in the form of the Vedas is the earlier, while the other known as स्वायम्भुव or the primitive speech is the later. The ऐश्वर speech is more refined than the स्वायंभुव and in it both the logical sequence and skill in composition are noticeable. Page 29. l. 1. The next stage of development is represented by the speech attributed to the Ṛṣis. In this speech sentences have more nouns and case-terminations than those previously described, and their import finds a ready expression. But this speech is invaria- bly connected with some Mantras. l. 3. The next stage in linguistic development is represented by the speech of the Ṛṣikas in which there is a great volume of short sentences full of Nipātas without any case-terminations. But in this speech there is frequent use of words found only in the Vedas. l. 5 The fifth or the last stage is represented by the speech २२