पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

244 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ XII.4 (ii) Sun’s nakṣatra = 1722 × 9 ÷ 122 = 127 4/122. Dividing out by 27, the remainder is 194/122. Counting from Dhaniṣṭhā, Citrā is gone, and the Sun is at 4/122 of Svāti. (iii) Moon’s nakṣatra = 1722 - 1722 × 7 ÷ 610 = 1722 - 19464/610 = 1702 146/610. Divided out by 27, the remainder is 1 146/610. Śraviṣṭhā is gone, and the Moon is at 146/610 of Śatabhiṣaj. It is to be noted, that two of these being known, the third can be counted from them. The following is the explanation of the rules: Under verses 1–2, the number of days in the yuga etc. have been got. Using them, the total tithis are got by the proportion, 1830: ‘days’ :: 1860: Tithis. ∴ Tithis = 1860 × ‘days’ ÷ 1830 = ‘days’ × 62 ÷ 61 = ‘days’ (1 + 1/61) = ‘days’ + ‘days’ ÷ 61. Next, since there are five solar years in the yuga, there are 5 × 27 = 135 solar nakṣatras. We have the proportion, 1830: ‘days’ :: 135: total Sun’s nakṣatra. ∴ Sun’s nakṣatra = 135 × ‘days’ ÷ 1830 =‘days’ × 9 ÷ 122. Next, since there are 67 revolutions of the Moon in the yuga, there are 67 × 27 = 1809 nakṣatras. So, we have the proportion, 1830: ‘days’ :: 1809: Moon’s nakṣatras. ∴ Total Moon’s nakṣatras. = 1809 × ‘days’ ÷ 1830 = ‘days’ × 603 ÷ 610 = days (1 - 7/610) = ‘days’ - ‘days’ × 7 ÷ 610. While the mss. readings tryaṁśatvaṁce etc. are corrupt, Bhaṭṭotpala’s reading saikatrīṁśe itself is wrong, since it contradicts facts, and we have emended it into saikartvaṁśe. TS have corrected is as saikaṣaṣṭyaṁśe gaṇe which is not proper since the correction does not follow the letters of the text. NP emends it as saikaṣaḍaṁśe for the number 61 that is required, but generally the said number is not found to be formed thus. [तिथि: व्यतिपातश्च] प्रागर्धे पर्व यदा तदो(त्त)राऽतोऽन्यथा तिथि: पूर्वा । ‘अर्क’घ्ने (व्यति)पाता द्युगणे ‘पञ्चाम्बरहुताशै’: ॥४ ॥ Vyatīpāta 4. If the moment of full or new moon falls before noon, the second of the two tithis connected with the day is the (civil) tithi for the day, otherwise the first. Multiply the ‘days’ by 12 and divide by 305. The Vyatīpātas are got. The tithi of this Siddhānta is mean tithi. Since this is less than the day, each day has parts of two tithis connected with it, and we have to fix one of them as the date of the particular day. It is this that is done by the first half of the stanza, it seems. If others like the Śrāddha-tithi are meant to be fixed here, they would be mentioned by name. The mere word tithi without an attribute must mean only the date. Agreeing that the date is meant to be fixed here, is it the date of the full or new Moon alone that is fixed here, or that of any day? From the word parva used, one may think it is only the former that is sought to be fixed. But this cannot be, since fixing the date of one particular day among so many is practically useless. If it is argued that the fixing of the day as parva or pratipad is useful to 4b. A. तदोत्तस्तोन्त्यथा; B1.3. तदा तए सोन्यथा; B2. तदा तएं तोन्यथा c. AB. व्यापिपाता; D. व्यतिपातो d. A. द्यगणे A. पंचावरहु..ाशैः; B. पञ्चाम्बरं हूताशैः (B2. दूतां शैः)