पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

330 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ XVIII.26 mean motion of Mars 345° 36' per syn. period of 780 days! They have also wrongly emended pratirāśya to pratirāśyam. As for NP, they have made the correct emendation tryagnīndubhiḥ, giving correctly 151 revolu- tions of mean Mars in 133 syn. periods, and identified it with that given by the Babylonian astronomy of the Selucid period. But NP have not seen that pañcāśītim meaning 85, is correct as it is, and give the constant 7ʳ 20° 4'.5 at 256-40-0 days from epoch (see item 5 of discussion). They think it is the constant in degrees, though no word meaning degrees is found here. (This kind of mistake they have made in the case of Jupiter and Saturn also, as we have shown). But 85° would not do, so they have substituted satrirāśim for pratirāśya and made it 175°. But even this would not do, and therefore they have changed the days from Epoch itself into 216-40-0, by emending ṣaṭkam va yamān into ṣaṭkaikayamān. But this has led to other troubles, leading to their remark, “For Mars this would mean a longitude of 175° (instead of 194° derived on the basis of a₀ in table 32). This longitude would correspond to September 27, and a solar position at 186°, hence to an elongation of 11°’ (p.124, Part II). 11° for the first visibility of Mars is given by nobody. It is in the range of 14° to 17°. प्रागुदये षट्(चत्वार्येक)मष्टादश(ग)स्ततो वक्रम् | अध्यर्धं च शतं शीघ्रां [स्ततोऽस्तमितो द्यूनां षष्ट्या] || २५ || समतीत्य दशत्रियु(तं) निरंशगतो(ऽतस्त्रिंशतं) व्यतीत्य कुजः | उदयमुपयाति वक्ष्ये गतिचारदि(न)क्रमे चातः || २६ || 25-26. After rising in the East, Mars moves 146° (in quick motion) and then 18° each of (slow motion), retrograde and “follow up after” retrograde (anuvakra), and after that 150° of quick (śīghra) motion. Then setting, it reaches conjunction (niraṁśagataḥ) in 60 days moving 13 plus 30 (= 43) degrees. Then it rises, (moving the same degree in the same number of days). Beginning from here, I shall mention the series of motions with their days. The scheme is Rises East Moves 146°            I                      type of motion            (śīghragati)               18°           II                                                     (Mandagati)           −18°      III & IV                                                (Vakaragati)                                                                                    (Ativakragati)               18°          V                                                   (Anuvakragati)             150°          VI                                                  (Śīghragati) Sets in the West 43° VII in 60 days                                                     (Atiśīghragati) Conjunction                                                              (          ”          ) 43° VIII in 60 days Rises in the East Total 400°