पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

XVIII.24 XVIII. VĀSIṢṬHA-PAULIŚA – RISING AND SETTING 329 24. The difference between the mean and true degrees should be added (to the remaining days got in 21), if the mean is greater. If the mean is less, the difference should be subtracted from the remaining days. This done, I shall give the true motions, according to each type of motion: We learn from the verses the following: . 256-40-0 days from Epoch, Mars rises in the East, after which the counting of risings begin.

1. One synodic revolution takes 780 days — 161 viṇāḍis, (i.e. 779-57-19 days). The addition of viṇāḍis multiplied by revolutions, is for taking the synodic period as 780 days approximately. '. For this period of 779-57-19 days, we get 1 + 18/133 sidereal revolution of Mars, and 2 + 18/133 sidereal revolutions of the Sun. So, in one synodic period, Mars moves 408° 43′.3 ∴ In 133 syn. periods = 1,03,734-3-7 days, there are 151 sid. rev. of Mars, and 284 sid. rev. of the Sur. From this, the Sun's sid. period got is 365-15-38 days and Mars's 686-58-50 days. The Sun's period is 38 viṇāḍis more than that given for it by the Vāsiṣṭha, and near the 365-15-30 of the Pauliśa. Therefore, like the Moon, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn, Mars also is common to Pauliśa.
2. At the first rising when calculation commences, mean Mars = 85/133 rev. = 7ʳ 20° 4′.5
3. The addition or subtraction of the difference from the remaining days has been already explained with reference to Jupiter and Saturn. But, here, no method is given to find the equa- tion of the centre. Now the true motion is affected by both the eq. of the centre and eq. of con- junction. The segments of motion given in verses 25-26, below, are as affected by the eq. of con- junction alone. By making the days given for true motion in verses 27-35 conform to the seg- ments, we can get the degrees, and through that the days affected by the eq. centre alone. This can be of use only fōr the remainder of days. But the eq. of centre at the beginning of each cycle is necessary. It has not been given by any rule. Since its period is about 687 days and it has its own rise and fall of about 11° from perigee to apogee and back, it cannot be associated with the synodic period of 780 days. So this is an omission. I have corrected the corrupt tāstrayāmṛīdubhiḥ into tāms tryagnīndubhiḥ to mean 133. This is necessary for agreement with the actuals, and the effect of my emendation is seen in my discussion (3) above. TS have made it bāṇendubhiḥ. How can bāṇa, with such different lettering, come in here? Further, this will give 18/15 rev. = 432° as the mean motion of Mars in one syn. period, about 23° wrong per period. They have made pañcāśīti kṛtvā into pañcāmśonam kṛtvā and thus shut out the position constant of Mars on the first day where reckoning begins, viz. the point of time 256-40-0 days from epoch. (It will be remembered that in the cases of Moon, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn also, they have made this mistake). By this emendation they reduce the motion by 86° 24′, and make the 21a. C.D. द्युगणात् b. C.D. प्रतिराशिं; A.B. षट्कं व यमान् (B3. षट्कं). D. षट्कैकयमान् B. मध्यतः, A.B. क्रमश b. B. नाडित्वं c. A.B. प्रमाणतो स d. B. प्राक् d. A.B.C. स्फुटता चार०; D. स्फुटिता चार० 22b. A. योब्धान्विता; B. सोब्दान्विताः B. क्रकुर्यात्; D. क्रम[त्] कुर्यात् c. A.B. गुणितास्त्रयग्नी (B. त्री) दुभि; C.D. ०गुणितान् 24a. A.B. विक्षेपां बाणेन्दुभि b. A. ०शन् क्षिपेत्; B.C.D. शकान् क्षिपेत् d. A2. हत्वा; A.B. स्थितो तो समाः; c. A.B.C.D. मध्यमे द्युभ्यः C.D. स्थितोऽतोऽस्मात् d. A. गतितोथाचारमभि०; B. गतितोष्याचारमभि०; 23a. A.B. पञ्चशीति; C.D. [पञ्चांशोनं] C. गतितोऽथो चारमभि; D. गतितोऽप्याचारमभि०