पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

328 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ XVIII.24 Mars, on which the equation of conjunction depends, is 780 days, during which there are more than two revolutions of the Sun, and one revolution of Mars, so that one full anomalistic period of Mars is contained within this period. This, with the large equation of the centre, and the large equation of conjunction causes large variations in its motion from sign to sign, and even in the same sign, according to the different types of motion governed by the anomaly of conjunction, like, fast, slow, retrograde etc. Hence is the need for detailed treatment. Further we have reason to think that the various motions given are all empirical, based on long observation, synodic period after synodic period. The separation into the equation of the centre, and the equation of conjunction is yet to come, it seems, unlike the cases of Jupiter and Saturn, where it is easy, and done. This would explain discrepancies found in the values given. Regarding the constants given, some can be verified by mutual comparison, and corrected where necessary, when there is a doubt about the reading itself. But some, like the epoch constants, which are peculiar to the Siddhānta itself, cannot be so verified and corrected when there is a doubt. Only in such cases, where we can argue that no Siddhānta is likely to give such wrong values, and when these values are so far from the real, that we can make some plausible corrections. TS and NP have not understood the nature of the motion of Mars, just as they have not under- stood Jupiter and Saturn. While TS have not even attempted translating some verses, wrongly interpreting those attempted, NP have attempted translating all, but many wrongly. I shall point out these after my own translation and discussion of the verses, step by step. [कुजचारः] द्युगणे ‘षट्(पञ्च)यमान्’ विहाय पञ्चाष्टकं च नाडीनाम् । ‘गगनाष्टमुनिभि’रुदया लभ्यन्ते प्राङ् महीजस्य ॥ २१ ॥ उदयगुणिता विनाड्यः ‘स्वरतिथयोऽ(ब्ध्य)’न्विता दिनक्षेपः । ‘धृतिगुणि(तांस्त्र्यग्रीन्दु)’भिरुदया(न्ह)त्वा स्थितो (तस्मिन्) ॥ २२ ॥ पञ्चाशीतिं कृत्वा प्रतिराश्य मध्यमः क्रमशः । राशिप्रमाणतोऽ(स्य) स्फुट(तश्च)रक्रमं कुर्यात् ॥ २३ ॥ स्फुटमध्यम(विश्लेषां)शान् क्षिपेत् मध्यमे[ऽधिके] द्युभ्यः । मध्यमहानौ जह्यात् गतितोऽथ चारा(न)भिधास्ये ॥ २४ ॥ Motion of Mars 21. Subtracting 256-40-0 days from the days from Epoch, and dividing by 780, the synodic risings of Mars in the East are got. 22-23. (157 plus 4) vināḍis, multiplied by the risings got, are to be added to the remaining days. Multiply the risings got by 18, and adding 85, divide by 133. The remainder, converted into rāśis is Mars at rising. According to the whole or portions of rāśis, the true motions are to be taken one after another, and pieced together.