पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

I.25 I. INTRODUCTION OF THE WORK 23 द्युगणे 'रूपा'भ्यधिके 'पञ्चर्तुगुणो'द्धृतेऽथ मासाः स्युः । त्रिंशद्भक्ते शेषं ज्ञेयं राश्यंशकेन्द्राणाम् ॥ २३ ॥ कमलोद्भवप्रजेशौ स्वर्गः शस्त्रं (द्रुमान्नवासांसि) । (कालानलाभ्ररवयः) शशीन्द्रगोनियतयः क्रमशः ॥२४ ॥ हरभवगुहपितृवरुणा बलदेवसमीरणौ यमश्चैव । (वाक्) श्रीधनदौ (निरयो) धात्री (वेदाः) परः पुरुषः ॥ २५ 23-25. Add 1 to the Days from Epoch, divide by 365, take the remainder and divide this by 30. The quotient are the months gone. The remainder gives the Lords of the current degree in the current month. They are, corresponding to each degree, Kamalodbhava (Brahmā), Prajāpati, Svarga (Heaven), Weapon, Tree, Anna (Food), Residence, Kāla (Time), Agni, Abhra (Cloud), Sun, Moon, Indra, Cows, Niyati (Fate), Hara, Bhava, Guha, Manes, Varuṇa, Baladeva, Vāyu, Yama (the ruler of the World of the manes), Vāk (Goddess of Speech), Śrī (the Goddess of Wealth), Kubera, Hell, Earth, Vedas and the Supreme Being. This matter must have been taken from the ancient Saṃhitās by our author and given here. For the purpose of giving the Lord of the degrees they must have divided the days into years of 365 days (why not the exact duration of the solar year, we cannot say) and the years into months of 30 days as can be inferred from the instruction. But then it comes to giving the Lord of not the degrees of the rāśi but that of each of the sāvana days in the sāvana month. For the 5 days left over at the end of the year it must be taken that the first 5 Lords are repeated. Example 8. Give the Lord of the Degree of the rāśi for Days from Epoch 3479. Adding one and dividing by 365, the remainder is 195. Dividing by 30, the remainder is 15. Therefore the fifteenth in the list, Niyati (Fate) is the Lord required. Ed. Note: NP have identified verses 23-25 as relating to the Magas, emending the expression māsās syuḥ in verse 23 to magābdāḥ syuḥ and have correlated the 30 names enumerated in the verses with the lords of the 30 days in the month according to the Magan calendar. K.S. Shukla has studied these three verses in detail, noted that these names are enumerated also in the Vaṭeśvara Siddhānta (ch. I, sn.v, vv. 117 c-d, 118) and has traced the names to their Zoroastrian (Parsi) originals, as per the following Table, in his paper 'The PS of VM (2)', Gaṇita, 28 (1977) 99-116. 23a. A2.द्युगणे; B1-3कगणे A1.2.रुद्रमान्य; B1.2.रुद्रभान्य०; B3.रुद्रन्तान्य० b. A2.पञ्चर्शूं. A1.2.धृतेथ; B1.3.ध्वजेथ. c. A1.2. B1.2. C.D.कमलानलान्तरवयः (B2.०ख्खं यः) A1.2.मासा स्युः; D. [मगाब्दाः] स्युः d. C.D.गोनिर्वृतयः. B.हरस्रव d. A1.2.केन्द्राणां; B1.2.चन्द्राणां 25a. A1.2.चरुणा; B1.वरुण; B3.वरुणां; 24a. A1.2.कमलोद्भव्वा; B1-3.कमलोद्भवं; C.D.कमलोद्भवः D. [भवगुरु] पितृ A1.2.प्रजेसा; B1-3. C.D.प्रजेशः b. A1.वलदेव; A2.वलहेव A1.2.समीकरणौ b. A1.2.स्वर्ग्यं; B3.स्वर्यः; C.स्वर्गी; D.स्वर्गे c. B1.3.प्राक् श्रीधनवौ । A1.2. B1.3. C.D.गिरयो C.०शश्चन्द्रमान्यवासांसि; D. [श] शास्तृरुद्रमन्युवसवः d. A1.2.वेधा; B1.3. C.D.वेघाः A2.पुरुः. A1.2.पूरूषः