पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

Dwivedi to become Principal of Queen’s Sanskrit college, Varanasi in his translation. But it was never explained why he chose the base year of start of kali in stead of at least 12 eras starting up to 3600 Kali. (9) There was more anger against Vikramāditya as he influenced west Asia and Roman empire by his di- rect rule upto Arab-His astrologers certified Jesus to be a great man, Jesus studied in India for 12 years termed as missing period, defeat and capture of Julius Caesar which led to his murder by Brutus, start of Julian and Hizra eras according to rules of Vikrama Samvat. ) Calendar Committee report-part 3 (CSIR publication) also mentions that Vikrama samvat has influenced start of Julian calendar in 46 BC after delay of 7 days. He intended to start year from winter solstice, but people started 7 days later with new moon. It is assumed that 7 days after winter solstice of 46 BC was new moon-actually it was full moon of Pauṣa after which Māgha Kṛṣṇa month started in Vikrama year 10 (lapsed). Vikrama samvat is only luni solar year in world which month starts with dark half. All our texts of astronomy and purāṇas still calculate adhika-māsa on basis of lunar month starting with bright half or new moon. To start a system opposed to general worldwide rule, it needs a powerful logic (shift of seasons by 45 days after start of kali) and a powerful king Vik- ramāditya who influenced India and Roman empire under Julius Caesar. That is why, no oriental scholar since British rule wants to admit existence of Vikramāditya and inserts fake stories in his name. It has also indicated that Hizra era started with start of Vikrama year 679. Quoted from History of the Calendar, by M.N. Saha and N. C. Lahiri (part C of the Report of The Calendar Re- forms Committee under Prof. M. N. Saha with Sri N.C. Lahiri as secretary in November 1952-Published by Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, 1955, Second Edition 1992. Page, 168-last para-“Caesar wanted to start the new year on the 25th December, the winter solstice day. But people resisted that choice because a new moon was due on January 1, 45 BC. And some people considered that the new moon was lucky. Caesar had to go along with them in their desire to start the new reckoning on a tradi- tional lunar landmark.” Importance of winter solstice was ancient and Bhīṣma Pitāmaha departed on that very day in year 3139 BC-36 years before death of Śrī Kṛṣṇa. Now that day is called Christmas, though it was intended to be new year day. It has been assumed that the start was from new moon day. Actually, it was from start of Māgha month of Vikrama year 11 lapsed. Vikrama samvat is only year which starts with dark half-all other lunar years start from bright half starting with new moon. Strong following of Vikrama samvat, just 10 years after its inception in Rome against wishes of Caesar shows influence of Vikramāditya. Page 180-“It has been shown by Dr. Hashim Amir Ali of the Osmania University, Hyderabad, that the Moham- medan calendar was originally luni-solar in which intercalation was made when necessary, and not purely lunar. .... According to this view, proper intercalation was applied in all years where necessary up to A.H. 10 and conse- quently the year A.H. 11 which started on March 29, 632 A.D. (Footnote)-Initial epoch of the Hejira era thus arrived at is the evening of March 19, 622 A.D., Friday, the day fol- lowing the vernal equinox.” Thus, Hejira era also started with start of year in India-it was start of Vikrama year 679. Vedic ROOTS of pre- Islamic Arabia and the Kaaba

The text of the crucial Vikramāditya inscription, found inscribed on a gold dish hung inside the Kaaba shrine in Mecca, is found recorded on page 315 of a volume known as ‘Sayar-ul-Okul’ treasured in the Makhtab-e-Sultania library in Istanbul, Turkey. Rendered in free English the inscription says: "Fortunate are those who were born (and lived) during king Vikram’s reign. He was a noble, generous dutiful ruler, devoted to the welfare of his subjects. But at that time we Arabs, oblivious of God, were lost in sensual pleasures. Plotting and torture were rampant. The darkness of ignorance had enveloped our country. Like the lamb struggling for her life in the cruel paws of a wolf we Arabs were caught up in ignorance. The entire country was enveloped in a darkness so intense as on a new moon night. But the present dawn and pleasant sunshine of education is the result of the favour of the noble king Vikramaditya whose benevolent supervision did not lose sight of us- foreign- ers as we were. He spread his sacred religion amongst us and sent scholars whose brilliance shone like that of the sun from his country to ours. These scholars and preceptors through whose benevolence we were once again made cognizant of the presence of God, introduced to His sacred existence and put on the road of Truth, had come to our country to preach their religion and impart education at king Vikramaditya’s behest." http://www.guardiansofdarkness.com/GoD/muslims.pdf (5) Defeat and capture of Caesar by Vikramādiya of Ujjain (82 BC-19 AD)- Defeat of Caesar is noted in many places, e.g. at http://www.heritage-history.com/www/heritage.php?Dir=wars&FileName=wars_romanpersian.php The first Roman contact with the Parthian Empire came during the Mithridatic Wars which lasted from 82 to 63 B.C. The Kingdom of Pontus was an independent Kingdom that bordered on Parthian territory. By the third Mithi- datic War, the Romans pursued Mithridates and his ally, Tigranes, deep into Armenia, and conquered most of the Armenian Empire, including Syria and Judea for Rome. From this point on, the Eastern border of Rome's territory bordered on Parthia. Rome recognized that Parthia, far from being barbaric was a highly civilized country with rich booty. The lure of conquest was behind most of Rome's incursions into Parthian territory in the following centuries. Soon after Pompey had conquered Syria and Judea for Rome, Crassus, already one of the richest men in Rome, launched a campaign against Parthia in Mesopotamia. He was defeated however, with great slaughter at Carrhae (53 B.C.). Caesar was planning a campaign of retribution when he was assassinated so the task fell to his succes- sor in the east Mark Antony. www.livius.org/caa-can/caesar/caesar_t01.htm- In 75, Julius Caesar was captured by Cilician pirates, who infested the Mediterranean sea. The Romans had never sent a navy against them, because the ... Vikramāditya has become most hated by Oxford because his calendar is still followed for all festivals surviving attempts to change it. Jyotirvidābharaṇa of Kālidāsa has been declared fake as it describes arrest of Caesar by him. But 3 epics indicated here are not considered fake and studied widely-Raghuvamśa, Meghadūta, Ku- mārasambhava. ज्योतिर्विदाभरण,ग्रन्थाध्यायनिरूपणम् २२विक्रमार्कवर्णनम्- वर्षे श्रुतिस्मृतिविचारविवेकरम्ये श्रीभारते खधृतिसम्मितदेशपीठे।

मत्तोऽधुना कृतिरियं सति मालवेन्द्रे श्रीविक्रमार्कनृपराजवरे समासीत् ॥ २२.७ ॥ नृपसभायां पण्डितवर्गाः- शङ्कुः सुवाग्वररुचिर्मणिराङ्गदत्तो जिष्णुस्त्रिलोचनहरो घटखर्पराख्यः। अन्येऽपि सन्ति कवयोऽमरसिंहपूर्वा यस्यैव विक्रमनृपस्य सभासदोऽमी ॥ २२.८ ॥ सत्यो वराहमिहिरः श्रुतसेननामा श्रीबादरायणमणित्थकुमारसिंहाः। श्रीविक्रमार्क नृपसंसदि सन्ति चैते श्रीकालतन्त्रकवयस्त्वपरे मदाद्याः ॥ २२.९ ॥ नवरत्नानि- धन्वन्तरि क्षपणकामरसिंहशङ्कुवैतालभट्टघटखर्परकालिदासाः। ख्यातो वराहमिहिरो नृपतेः सभायां रत्नानि वै वररुचिर्नव विक्रमस्य ॥ २२.१० ॥ सभापरिजना- अष्टौ यस्य शतानि मण्डलधराधीशाः सभायां सदा, स्युः संसत्परिणाहकोटिसुभटाः सत्पण्डिताः षोडश। दैवज्ञा दशपण्मिताश्च भिषजो भट्टास्तथा ढाढिनो वेदज्ञा रसचन्द्रमा विजयते श्रीविक्रमः सोऽधिभूः ॥ २२.११ ॥ सैन्यवर्णनम्- यस्याष्टादशयोजनानि कटके पादातिकोटित्रयं वाहनानामुतायुतं च नवतिखिन्ना कृतिर्हस्तिनाम्। नौकालक्षचतुष्टयं विजयिनो यस्य प्रयाणे भवत् सोऽयं विक्रमभूपतिर्विजयते नान्यो धरित्रीधरः ॥ २२.१२ ॥ शाकप्रवृत्तिकाल- येनास्मिन्वसुधातले शकगणांन्सर्वा दिशः सङ्गरे हत्वा पञ्चनवप्रमान्कलियुगे शाकप्रवृत्तिः कृता। श्रीमद्विक्रमभूपुजा प्रतिदिनं मुक्तामणित्वर्णगो सत्तीभाद्यपवर्जनेन विहितो धर्मः सुवर्णाननः ॥ २२.१३ ॥ दिग्विजयवर्णनम्- उद्दामद्रविडद्रुमैकपरशुर्लाटाटवीपावको, वेल्लद्वङ्गभुजङ्गराजगरुडो गौडाब्धिकुम्भोद्भवः। गर्जद् गुर्जरराजसिंधुरहरिर्धारान्धकारार्यमाः, काम्बोजाम्बुजचन्द्रमा विजयते श्रीविक्रमार्को नृपः ॥ २२.१४ ॥ प्रभुत्ववर्णनम्- येनाप्युग्रमहीधराग्रविषये दुर्गाण्यसह्यान्यहो, नीत्वा यानि नतीकृतास्तदधिपाः दत्तानि तेषां पुनः। इन्द्राम्भोध्यमरद्रुमरसुरक्ष्माभृद् गणेनाञ्जसा, श्रीमद्विक्रमभूपुताखिलजनाम्भोजेन्दुना मण्डले ॥ २२.१५ ॥ उज्जयिनीवर्णनम्- यद्राजधान्युज्जयिनी महापुरी सदा महाकालमहेशयोगिनी। समाश्रयिप्राण्यपवर्गदायिनी श्रीविक्रमार्कोऽवनिपो जयत्यपि ॥ २२.१६ ॥ यो रुक्मदेशाधिपतिं शकेश्वरं जित्वा गृहीत्वोज्जयिनीं महाहवे। आनीय सम्भ्राम्य मुमोच यत्त्वहो स विक्रमार्कः समसह्यविक्रमः ॥ २२.१७ ॥ तस्मिन् सदाविक्रममेदिनीशे विराजमाने समवन्तिकायाम्। सर्वप्रजामङ्गलसौख्यसम्पद् बभूव सर्वत्र च वेदकर्म ॥ २२.१८ ॥ शङ्कादिपण्डितवराः कवयस्त्वनेके ज्योतिर्विदः सभमवंश्च वराहपूर्वाः। श्रीविक्रमार्कनृपसंसदि मान्यवृद्धिरस्तत्राप्यहं नृपसखा किल कालिदासः ॥ २२.१९ ॥ काव्यत्रयं सुमतिकृद्रघुवंशपूर्वं पूर्वं ततो ननु कियच्छुतिकर्मवादः। ज्योतिर्विदाभरणकालविधानशास्त्रं श्रीकालिदासकवितो हि ततो बभूव ॥ २२.२० ॥ वर्षेः सिन्धुरदर्शनाम्बरगुणैर्याते कलौ (3068 Kali)

इति श्रीकविकालिदासोदिते ज्योतिर्विदाभरणे ग्रन्थाध्यायनिरूपणक्रमनृपविक्रमवीरवर्णनाध्यायो द्वाविंशतितमः ॥ २२ ॥ (10) Result is that Indian students deny existence of all literature which they study for whole life and assume base- less things for which there is no reference or mention. All students of Sanskrit literature study Mṛcchhakaṭikam of Śūdraka, then tell that there is no reference of this king because he started Mālava Samvat in 756 BC. It contin- ued till Śrī Harṣa śaka 456 BC which has been called 300 years of democracy by Megasthenes. After reading Nai- shasha-charita of Śrī Harṣa and Nāgāvalī of Harṣavardhana (605-646 AD) and Harṣa-charita of Bāṇabhaṭṭa, Śrī Harṣa is equated with Harṣavardhana. Most study is of works by Nava-ratnas of Vikramāditya –Amara-koṣa of Amara Simha, Jaina texts of Kṣapaṇaka, Suśruta-saṃhitā of Dhanvantari, Bṛhat-saṃhitā, Bṛhat-Jātaka, Pañcha- siddhāntikā of Varāhamihira, Raghuvamśa, Meghadūta, Kumāra-sambhava of Kālidāsa, present version of Purāṇas by Betāla Bhaṭṭa, and survey by Śanku revived by Moghul king Akbar. Literature on Vikramāditya is next only to Rāma and Kṛṣṇa, but it is claimed that there is no mention about him. A fake Vikramāditya has been cre- ated in Chandragupta-2 of Gupta period, about him only half word has been found-‘Chandra’-on Mehrauli iron pil- lar of Delhi. If it is assumed Chandragupta, then it could be one of 3 famous-1 in Maurya and 2 in Gupta period. But capital of all was at Patna, not at Delhi. Chandra only meant that it was to mark northernmost position of moon motion in 456 BC when Śrī Harṣa started his śaka in 456 BC and Kutub-Minār made, called Pillar of Hercules by Megasthenes.