भारतीय इतिहास के ६ स्वर्णिम पृष्ठ (वीर सावरकर - विदेशी आक्रान्ताओं पर विजय गाथा)

blocks of stones that were required for this purpose were intentionally procured from the demolished Hindu temples and the idols therein. Raids on Chitod and Hindu Victories 690. While Kutubuddin was conquering the Punjab, Delhi, Kanouj and other Hindu states, he was uneasy about the Rajput states. Soon he learnt of the death of Rana Samarsingh of Chitod and of the succession of his minor son, Karna, to the throne. He was not a fool to let go this fine opportunity to subdue it. But the mother of the minor king of Chitod, Karundevi, was very brave and of great ablilities. That young mother-queen took the leadership of the army and inspiring the other neighbouring Hindu states to fight on her side, dealt a memorable defeat on the Muslim army in a battle near Ambar (Amber or Amer). In order to avoid complete destruction, Kutubuddin retreated to Delhi. Later on, when Rahup succeeded Karna to the throne of Chitod, Kutubuddin's army once again marched on Chitod. But once again, the Rajputs put the Muslim army to rout. Rana Rahup proved to be a very able ruler. The Muslims, therefore, never thought of invading Chitod till his death. 691. But it must be remembered here that even while the Muslims launched repeated attacks on the Hindu states, the Hindus as a rule, never invaded them nor ever pursued the fleeing Muslim army, nor again besieged the Muslim localities left behind and destroyed them or their masjids. It is because the Hindus never thus retaliated the Muslim aggression owing to their perverse sense of virtues, the latter again and again perpetrated these crimes against the former. 692. After Kutubuddin’s death in A.D. 1210, one or two incapable Sultans came to the throne of Delhi, but as they were soon deposed, Sultana Razia began to rule. She was well trained in the affairs of the State by Kutubuddin himself. She attended the court or her army in the guise of a man. Later on, she fell in love with a trusty slave of hers, named Jalaluddin, who chiefly manoeuvred things in the court and began to live openly with her. This was, however, most detestable to the Turkish noblemen of her court, because Jalaluddin was a Negro. The Turks thought themselves to be of high rank and despised the Negroes as lowbred. 693. This will make another point clear to the reader that although the Turks, the Mongols, the Arabs, the Pathans, the Negroes (Abyssinians) and others called themselves Muslims, and proudly proclaimed the absence of caste differences and exhibited in place and out of place, the equality of