उत्तररामचरितम् (महाकवि भवभूति - संस्कृत मूल एवं हिन्दी व्याख्या)

-L 24] UTTARARÂMACHARITA 27 picture) N reads आत्मनः अव्याहतं पद्विकत्वम्—my rôle of a traveller in the southern forest which was a great misfortune (as it led to her being carried away by रावण) P 17. Verse 25 तानि well known गिरिनिर्झरिणी mountain stream वैखानसैः आश्रितास्तरव येषु तानि the trees in which were resorted to by hermits. वैखानस is the same as वानप्रस्थ, as क्षी- रस्वामी says 'वनप्रस्थे मरो वानप्रस्थ वैखानसास्त्र्य-' हरदत्त commenting upon गौतमधर्मसूत्र III 2 says 'वैखानसो वानप्रस्थः । विखनसा प्रोक्तेन मार्गेण वर्तते इति । तेन हि स आश्रमः प्राधान्येन प्रतिपादितः' From this it seems that a sage called विखनस् had in very ancient times com- posed a सूत्र work dealing with the duties of वानप्रस्थ and भिक्षुऽ. Pandit Ganapatis'astri of Trivandrum has published a Sutra of Vikhanas dealing with the duties of the four Varnas and the four आश्रमs (particularly of hermits) आतिथेय परम् येषान् to whom hospitality is the highest (duty) आतिथेयम्—(अतिथि +ढञ्) 'पथ्यतिथिवसतिस्वपतेर्ढञ्' पा० ४ ४ 104 (अतिथये साधु) दमिनः those who have practised the दमs (moral observances) 'ब्रह्मचर्यं दया क्षान्तिर्दानं सत्यमकल्कता । अहिंसाऽस्तेयमाधुर्यं दमश्चेति यमाः स्मृताः ॥' याज्ञवल्क्यस्मृति III. 313. Five यमs are spoken of in the योगसूत्र II. 30 'अहिंसा-सत्य-अस्तेय ब्रह्मचर्य-अपरिग्रहा यमाः' The reading शमिनः would mean 'those who have subdued their passions' नीवारमुष्टि पचन पाको येषाम्—those who cook a handful of wild rice (i. e. those who subsist on a handful of rice got by chance). We may also dissolve as नीवारमुष्टिं पचन्तीति ०पचनाः The affix मन् though generally करणवाचक or भाववाचक may sometimes be कर्तृवाचक also. The वानप्रस्थ was allowed to go to a forest with his wife hence to some extent he was a गृही But he had to conform to other rules which distinguished him from a गृहस्थ 'सुतन्त्विक्षन्न- सौकर्याया बाऽनुगतो वनम् । वानप्रस्थो ब्रह्मचारी साग्नि' सोपासनो व्रजेत्॥ अफल्कृष्टे- नैनाप्रींश्च पितृदेवातिथींनपि । भृत्यांश्च सर्पयेद् दन्तकुट्टनोश्मशूतमवात्॥ प्राशाद्- हत्य वा पाशात्तो भुञ्जीत वाग्यतः ॥' याज्ञवल्क्यस्मृति III 45–46, 55 (on 45 मिताक्षरा observes 'फालकृष्टान् कर्णन्माषादीन्वर्जयेत् । अकृष्टक्षेत्रोद्भूतेन नीवार वेणुतण्डुलाद्यादिना अग्नीन्संतर्पयेत्') अविरल अनोकहा (वृक्षा) तैश्च निबिडेन निरन्तरं (सान्द्रं) स्निग्ध नीलं परिसरारण्यं तेन परिवृता चासौ गोदावरी च तया मुखराणि कन्द- राणि यस्य (स गिरिः)—the valleys of which resound with (the waves or falling waters of) the गोदावरी which is encircled by the forest on the environs which (forest) is blue, glossy and dense with the mass (निवह) of thick trees (growing in it). The mountain had on its slopes dense forests. The गोदावरी ran past it and therefore the valley resounded. राम only saw the picture of the