बृहत्संहिता (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - स्थापत्य, खगोल, मौसम व जल विज्ञान)

248 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 2-3. above Yogas, there will be very little rain. In predict- ing rain, Venus should be treated on a par with the Moon during the rainy season. The commentator asks the question :—When the Lagna is a Kendra already, what is the meaning of केन्द्रगः ? Does it mean a Kendra other than the Lagna ? Yes, it does. The idea of the author is this : There will be rain, etc., in the dark half when the Moon is in Lagna Kendra alone and not elsewhere, while in the other half, even in another Kendra, it is all right. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् वर्षाप्रश्ने प्रावृषि जलराशौ कण्टके शशी बलवान् । भृगुजो वा शुभदृष्टो बहुजलकृत् स्वल्पदः पापैः ॥ आर्द्रं द्रव्यं स्पृशति यदि वा वारि तत्सञ्ज्ञकं वा तोयासन्नो भवति यदि वा तोयकार्योन्मुखो वा । प्रष्टा वाच्यः सलिलमचिरादस्ति निःसंशयेन पृच्छाकाले सलिलमिति वा श्रूयते यत्र शब्दः ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—If the querist touches any wet object or water or any other liquid (pearls, etc.), or stands near water, or is about to do something connected with water or liquid, or, at the time, the word 'water' be heard in the place, then he should be told that there is rain ere long without any doubt. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् आर्द्रद्रव्यं सलिलं जलसञ्ज्ञश्रवणदर्शनान्यथवा । उदयशिखरिसंस्थो दुर्निरीक्ष्योऽतिदीप्त्या द्रुतकनकनिकाशः स्निग्धवैडूर्यकान्तिः । तदहनि कुरुतेऽम्भस्तोयकाले विवस्वान् प्रतपति यदि चोच्चैः खं गतोऽतीव तीक्ष्णम् ॥३॥ Sloka 3.—If, during the rainy season, the Sun at rising cannot be looked at on account of his dazzling

Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 4-6.] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 249 brilliance and appear like molten gold, or possess the pure lustre of beryl, or if he burns with intense heat at the zenith of the sky, there will be rain on the very same day. विरसमुदकं गोनेत्राभं वियद्विमला दिशो लवणविकृतिः काकाण्डाभं यदा च भवेन्नभः। पवनविगमः पोप्लूयन्ते झषाः स्थलगामिनो रसनमसकृन्मण्डूकानां जलागमहेतवः ॥४॥ Sloka 4.—The following are the symptoms of rain — tasteless water, the sky of the colour of cow’s eyes or crow’s eggs, uncontaminated directions, moisture of salt, calm wind, much tumbling of fishes ashore and the repeated croakings of frogs. मार्जारा भृशमवनिं नखैर्लिखन्तो लोहानां मलनिचयः सविस्रगन्धः। रथ्यायां शिशुरचिताश्च सेतुबन्धाः सम्प्राप्तं जलमचिराभ्निवेदयन्ति ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—Cats scratching the earth very much with their nails, accumulation of rust on iron or bronze vessels with a musty smell and construction of bridges on the high roads by children indicate immediate rain. In the 3rd पाद, शिशुनिचिताश्च is another reading. गिरयोऽञ्जनचूर्णसन्निभा यदि वा बाष्पनिरुद्धकन्दराः। कृकवाकुविलोचनोपमाः परिवेषाः शशिनश्च वृष्टिदाः ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—Mountains resembling heaps of collyrium or their caves wrapt in vapour and haloes of the colour of cock’s eyes round the Moon, are indications of rain. बृ. सं. 32

250 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 7-11. विनोपघातेन पिपीलिकानामण्डोपसङ्क्रान्तिरहिन्वयवायः । द्रुमावरोहश्च भुजङ्गमानां वृष्टेर्निमित्तानि गवां प्लुतं च ॥७॥ Sloka 7.—Ants shifting their eggs without any trouble, snakes mating and climbing down the trees and cows' stampede, are signs of rain. तरुशिखरोपगताः कृकलासा गगनतलस्थितदृष्टिनिपाताः । यदि च गवां रविवीक्षणमूर्ध्वं निपतति वारि तदा नचिरेण ॥८॥ Sloka 8.—If the chameleons perched on the tops of trees fix their gaze on the firmament, and cows look up towards the Sun, there will be rain without much delay. नेच्छन्ति विनिर्गमं गृहाद्धुन्वन्ति श्रवणान् खुरानपि । पशवः पशुवच्च कुक्कुरा यद्यम्भः पततीति निर्दिशेत् ॥९॥ Sloka 9.—If the domestic animals such as cows are reluctant to go out of the house and shake their ears and hoofs, or, if the dogs behave in the same manner, it should be declared that there will be rainfall soon. यदा स्थिता गृहपटलेषु कुक्कुरा रुदन्ति वा यदि विततं वियन्मुखाः । दिवा तडिद्यदि च पिनाकिदिग्भवा तदा क्षमा भवति समैव वारिणा ॥ Sloka 10.—When dogs stand on the roofs of houses, or bark continuously looking up towards the heavens, or when lightning is seen flashing from the north-east at day-time, then the earth will be completely filled with water. शुककपोतविलोचनसन्निभो मधुनिभश्च यदा हिमदीधितिः । प्रतिशशी च यदा दिवि राजते पतति वारि तदा नचिरेण च ॥११॥

Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 12-14] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 251 Sloka 11.—When the Moon has the red hue of the eyes of a parrot or pigeon or of honey, and when a second Moon shines in the sky, there will be immediate rain. स्तनितं निशि विद्युतो दिवा रुधिरनिभा यदि दण्डवत्स्थिताः । पवनः पुरतश्च शीतलो यदि सलिलस्य तदाऽऽगमो भवेत् ॥१२॥ Sloka 12.—If there be peals of thunder at night and blood-red lines of lightning, standing erect like rods at day time, and if there be a cool breeze blowing from the east, there would be immediate rain. वल्लीनां गगनतलोन्मुखाः प्रवालाः स्नायन्ते यदि जलपांसुभिर्विहङ्गाः । सेवन्ते यदि च सरीसृपास्तृणाग्रा- ण्यासन्नो भवति तदा जलस्य पातः ॥१३॥ Sloka 13.—If the sprouts of creepers are turned up towards the sky, birds bathe in water or dust, and creeping worms betake themselves to the tips of grass, there will be an immediate fall of rain. मयूरशुकचाषचातकसमानवर्णा यदा जपाकुसुमपङ्कजद्युतिमुषश्च सन्ध्याघनाः । जलोर्मिनगनक्रकच्छपवराहमीनोपमाः प्रभूतपुटसञ्चया न तु चिरेण यच्छन्त्यपः ॥१४॥ Sloka 14.—At dawn or twilight, if the clouds show the same colour as pea-cocks, parrots, blue-jays or Chataka birds, or have the lustre of roses, and red lotuses and resemble in shape waves, hills, crocodiles, tortoises or fishes and are piled up with many folds, they will pour down rain before long.

252 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 15-18. पर्यन्तेषु सुधाशशाङ्कधवला मध्येऽञ्जनालित्विषः स्निग्धा नैकपुटाः क्षरज्जलकणाः सोपानविच्छेदिनः । माहेन्द्रीप्रभवाः प्रयान्त्यपरतः प्राग्वाम्बुपाशोद्भवा ये ते वारिमुचस्त्यजन्ति नचिरादम्भः प्रभूतं भुवि ॥१५ Sloka 15.—If the clouds are as white as chunam or the Moon at the edges, as dark as collyrium or bees at the centre, glossy, have many folds, (i.e., appear piled up) dropping particles of water, and breaks like the steps of a stair-case, and being formed in the east sail westward or vice versa, they yield plenty of rain to the earth before long. शक्रचापपरिघप्रतिसूर्या रोहितोऽथ तडितः परिवेषः । उद्गमास्तसमये यदि भानोरादिशेत्प्रचुरमम्बु तदाशु ॥१६॥ Sloka 16.—If at sunrise or sunset there is a rain- bow, a cross bar of clouds, a mock Sun, a straight frag- mentary rainbow, flashes of lightning, and halos round the Sun and the Moon, it should be predicted that there will be plentiful rain in the near future. For the definition of रोहित vide Adhyaya XLVI-20 infra. यदि तित्तिरपत्रनिभं गगनं मुदिताः प्रवदन्ति च पक्षिगणाः । उदयास्तमये सवितुर्द्युनिशं विसृजन्ति घना नचिरेण जलम् ॥१७॥ Sloka 17.—If the sky bears the tinge of the wings of the Tittira bird, and groups of birds twitter merrily at sunrise and sunset, then the clouds will pour down rain soon by day and night respectively. This verse is spurious, says the commentator. यद्यमोघकिरणाः सहस्रगोरस्तभूधरकरा इवोच्छ्रिताः । भूसमं च रसते यदाम्बुदस्तन्महद्भवति वृष्टिलक्षणम् ॥१८॥

Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 19.] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 253 Sloka 18.—If the Sun-beams called अमोघ-unerring- are stretched upwards like the out-stretched arms of the "setting Mountain" and if the clouds thunder close to the earth, they are to be understood to be important signs of rain. For अमोघ vide Adhyaya XXX-11 infra. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् पृच्छाकाले शान्ता वारुणदिक्स्था विहङ्गो वा । दर्पणलोहकलङ्कोलवणक्लेदोऽतितीक्ष्णकिरणोऽर्कः ॥ पोप्लूयन्ते मत्स्या दिश्यैशान्यं तडिच्च दिवा । उत्कर्णपुच्छवदना गावस्तापोऽम्भसां पवननाशः ॥ अञ्जनपुञ्जश्यामा गिरयो बाष्पावृता यदि वा । यदि जलपांसुस्नानं विहगानां मैथुनं द्विजिह्वानाम् ॥ वृक्षारोहणमथवा पिपीलिकाण्डोपसङ्क्रान्तिः । कृकवाकुशुककपोतकलविङ्कविलोचनोऽर्केन्द्रोः ॥ स्निग्धः परिवेषो वा वियदमलं बालकनिमित्तम् । मधुसदृशः शीतांशूः प्रतिचन्द्रः शीतमारुतः पूर्वः ॥ ऊर्ध्वाङ्कुराश्च वह्नयस्सद्योवर्षाय कीर्त्यन्ते । स्निग्धाः समसितरेखा यथाभ्रवृन्दानि कल्पितान्येव ॥ यच्छन्त्यपो मयूखा यदि चेन्दोर्वा रवेर्दीप्ताः ॥ तथा च पराशरः बलवत्सु महद्वर्षमल्पेष्वल्पाम्बुशीकरम् । मध्येषु मध्यमं ब्रूयान्निमित्तेषु निमित्तवत् ॥ उल्कानिर्घातभूकम्पपांसुवर्षाणि केतवः । अपसव्या ग्रहाश्चैव नित्यं वर्षासु वर्षदाः ॥ इति- प्रावृषि शीतकरो भृगुपुत्रात्सप्तमराशिगतः शुभदृष्टः । सूर्यसुतान्नवपञ्चमगो वा सप्तमगश्च जलाऽऽगमनाय ॥१९॥ Sloka 19.—If in the monsoon the Moon being placed in the 7th house from Venus or in the 5th, 7th, or 9th house from Saturn, is aspected by benefics, there will be rain soon.

254 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 20-24-

प्रायो ग्रहाणामुदयास्तकाले समागमे मण्डलसङ्क्रमे च । पक्षक्षये तीक्ष्णकरायनान्ते वृष्टिर्गतेऽर्के नियमेन चार्द्राम् ॥२०॥ Sloka 20.—Generally there will be rain during the planets' heliacal rising and setting, at the conjunction of the non-luminaries with the Moon, at their entering any of the six Mandalas*, at the end of a fortnight and a solstice, and certainly when the Sun is passing through the asterism 'Ardra'

*Vide Adhyaya IX—10-21—supra.

समागमे पतति जलं ज्ञशुक्रयोर्ज्ञजीवयोर्गुरुसितयोश्च सङ्गमे । यमारयोः पवनहुताशजं भयं ह्यदृष्टयोरसहितयोश्च सद्ग्रहैः ॥२१॥ Sloka 21.—There will be rain at the conjunction of Mercury and Venus, of Mercury and Jupiter and of Jupiter and Venus. But at the conjunction of Mars and Saturn, there will arise peril from wind and fire, provided they are neither conjoined with nor aspected by any of the benefics.

अग्रतः पृष्ठतो वापि ग्रहाः सूर्यावलम्बिनः । यदा तदा प्रकुर्वन्ति महीमेकार्णवामिव ॥२२॥ Sloka 22.—When the planets are about to be eclipsed by the Sun in front or behind (slower planets in front and faster ones behind), they convert the earth into an ocean as it were.

प्रविशति यदि खद्योतो जलदसमीपेषु रजनीषु । केदारपूरमधिकं वर्षति देवस्तदा नचिरात् ॥२३॥ वर्षत्यपि रटति यदा गोमायुश्च प्रदोषवेलायाम् । सप्ताहं दुर्द्दिनमपि तदा पयो नात्र सन्देहः ॥२४॥ Slokas 23-24.—If there be glow-worms at night near the clouds, before long there will be rain filling all

Adh. XXIX. Sl. 1-2.] एकोनत्रिंशोऽध्यायः 255 the fields. In spite of rain-fall, if jackals howl in the evening, there will not be a drop of water, though the sky be overcast for seven days at a stretch. This need not be doubted. These two verses appear to be spurious as they are not recog- nised by the commentator. Thus ends the 28th Adhyaya on “Immediate Rain”. कुसुमलताध्यायः ॥२९॥ Prognostics from Flowers and Creepers. फलकुसुमसमप्रवृद्धिं वनस्पतीनां विलोक्य विज्ञेयम् । सुलभत्वं द्रव्याणां निष्पत्तिश्चापि सस्यानाम् ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—By observing the abundance of flowers and fruits of trees, the availability of all things in large quantities at cheap rates should be ascertained; so also the thriving of crops. शालेन कलमशाली रक्ताशोकेन रक्तशालिश्च । पाण्डुकः क्षीरिकया नीलाशोकेन सूकरकः ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—From the (luxuriance of the flowers and fruits of the) Sala tree, the prospects of Kalama rice are to be determined; from the red Asoka, red rice; from the Ksheerika, yellowish rice; and from the bluish Asoka, hog’s rice. The Sala tree is known in Tamil as ஆச்சாமரம் or மராமரம். It is probably the Diospyros Ebenaster furnishing timber. Kalama. A variety of white rice; it is sown in May and June and ripens in December or January. வெள்ளைச்சம்பா. Ksheerika. The Fig tree-அத்திமரம். Asoka. It is a tree of moderate size belonging to the leguminous class with magnificent red flowers-அசோகமரம். Sukaraka. A species of rice-கருப்புநெல்.

256 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXIX. Sl. 3-5. न्यग्रोधेन तु यवकस्तिन्दुकवृद्ध्या च षष्टिको भवति । अश्वत्थेन ज्ञेया निष्पत्तिः सर्वसस्यानाम् ॥३॥ Sloka 3.—Through the Banyan tree, barley should be guessed ; through the ebony tree, the Shastika rice; and through the Aswattha, the success of all crops. Nyagrodha- The Indian Fig Tree- ஆலமரம். Shashtika rice- A kind of rice of quick growth ripening in about 60 days- அறுபதாங்குறுவை. Aswattha- The holy fig-tree- அரசமரம். जम्बूभिस्तिलमाषाः शिरीषवृद्ध्या च कङ्गुनिष्पत्तिः । गोधूमाश्च मधूकैर्यववृद्धिः सप्तपर्णेन ॥४॥ Sloka 4.—From the Jamboo fruits (Rose-apples) are ascertained sesamum and black gram ; from the sucess of Sirisha flowers is inferred the full growth of Priyangu ; from the Madhuka tree, wheat ; and from the Saptaparna, the rich growth of barley. Jambu- The Rose Apple tree-நாவல். Sireesha-வாகை. Kangu- A kind of panic seed. Madhuka tree- இலுப்பை. Sapta Parna- ஏழிலைப்பாலைமரம். Yava-Barley-யவை. अतिमुक्तककुन्दाभ्यां कर्पासं सर्षपान् वदेदसनैः । बदरीभिश्च कुलत्थांश्चिरबिल्वेनादिशेन्मुद्गान् ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—From the Atimukta tree and the round Jesmine is known the state of cotton crop ; from the Asana tree, mustard ; from the Jujube fruits, horse-gram ; and from the Chirabilva or Karanja, green gram. Atimuktaka-குருக்கத்தி. Kunda-சங்கம். Sarshapa- Mustard seed-கடுகு. Karpasa- Cotton-பருத்தி. Asana-வேங்கை. Badari- இலந்தை. Kulattha-கொள்ளு. Chirabilva-புங்கைமரம். Mudga- A sort of kidney-bean-சிறுபயறு.

Adh. XXIX. Sl. 6-9.] एकोनत्रिंशोऽध्यायः 257 अतसी वेतसपुष्पैः पलाशकुसुमैश्च कोद्रवा ज्ञेयाः । तिलकेन शङ्खमौक्तिकरजतान्यथ चेङ्गुदेन शणः ॥६॥ करिणश्च हस्तिकर्णैरादेश्या वाजिनोऽश्वकर्णेन । गावश्च पाटलाभिः कदलीभिरजाविकं भवति ॥७॥ चम्पककुसुमैः कनकं विद्रुमसम्पच्च बन्धुजीवेन । कुरवकवृद्ध्या वज्रं वैडूर्यं नन्दिकावर्त्तैः ॥८॥ विन्द्याच्च सिन्धुवारेण मौक्तिकं कारुकाः कुसुम्मेन । रक्तोत्पलेन राजा मन्त्री नीलोत्पलेनोक्तः ॥९॥ बृ.सं. 33

258 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh XXIX. Sl. 10-12 Sloka 9.—One has to know pearls through the Sindhuvara tree ; artisans from saffron ; the king from red lotuses ; and the minister from blue lilies. Sindhuvara-நொச்சி. Kusumbha-ஞாபராச்செடி. श्रेष्ठी सुवर्णपुष्पात्पद्मैर्विप्राः पुरोहिताः कुमुदैः । सौगन्धिकेन बलपतिरर्केण हिरण्यपरिवृद्धिः ॥१०॥ Sloka 10.—Traders are indicated by Suvarnapushpa (golden flower) ; Brahmins, by lotuses ; royal priests, by lilies ; the commander of the army, by the Saugan- dhika flower and the increase of gold, by the Arka plant. Suvarnapushpa-The globe amaranth-ஊமத்தை. Saugandhika- The blue lotus-செங்கழுநீர். Arka-எருக்கு. आम्रैः क्षेमं भल्लातकैर्भयं पीलुभिस्तथारोग्यम् । खदिरशमीभ्यां दुर्भिक्षमर्जुनैः शोभना वृष्टिः ॥११॥ Sloka 11.—One should guess the happiness of man- kind from mangoes ; danger from Bhallataka ; health from Peelu ; famine from the growth of Khadira and Samee trees ; and good rain from the Arjuna trees. Bhallataka-சேங்கொட்டை. Peelu-ஊவக்காய். Khadira-கருங்காலி. Samee-A tree possessing a tough hard wood supposed to contain fire-வன்னிமரம். Arjuna-மருதமரம். पिचुमन्दनागकुसुमैः सुभिक्षमथ मारुतः कपित्थेन । निचुलैनावृष्टिभयं व्याधिभयं भवति कुटजेन ॥१२॥ Sloka 12.—From the flowers of the Neem tree and नागकेसर-Nagakesara, abundance of food grains should be foretold ; from the wood-apple, wind ; from the Nichula tree, danger of drought ; and from the Kutaja tree, impending disease. Pichumanda-Neem tree-வேம்பு. Naga-புன்னை or சிறுநாவல். Kapittha-விளாமரம். Nichula-நீர்க்கடம்பு. Kutaja-A variety of Jasmine-குடமல்லிகை.

XXIX. 13-14, XXX. 1.] त्रिंशत्तमोऽध्यायः 259 दूर्वाकुशकुसुमाभ्यामिक्षुवृद्धिंश्च कोविदारेण । श्यामालताभिवृद्ध्या बन्धक्यो वृद्धिमायान्ति ॥१३॥ Sloka 13.—The growth of sugar-cane is presaged by the flowers of Durva and sacred grass; outbreak of fire by the Kovidara tree; and the increase and prosperity of concubines by the luxuriance of the Syama creeper. Durva-Bent grass-அறுகம்புல். Kusa-குசப்புல். Kovidara- மலயத்தி or கொங்குமரம். Syamalata-Country Sarasaparilla- நன்னாரிக்கொடி. यस्मिन् काले स्निग्धनिश्छिद्रपत्राः सन्दृश्यन्ते वृक्षगुल्मा लताश्च । तस्मिन्वृष्टिः शोभना सम्प्रदिष्टा रूक्षैश्छिद्रैरल्पमम्भः प्रदिष्टम् ॥१४॥ Sloka 14.—When trees, bushes and creepers are seen fully packed with glossy leaves without any inter- space, beautiful rain is then to be predicted; while if they are covered with rough leaves with inter-spaces very little rain is to be declared तथा च पराशरः अच्छिद्रपत्राः सुस्निग्धाः फलपुष्पसमन्विताः । निर्दिशन्ति शुभं वृक्षा विपरीतं विगर्हिताः ॥ Thus ends the 29th Adhyaya on "Prognostics from Flowers and Creepers". सन्ध्यालक्षणाध्यायः ।३०॥ The Indications at Dawn and Twilight. अर्द्धोस्तमितानुदितात् सूर्यादस्पष्टभं नभो यावत् । तावत् सन्ध्याकालश्चिह्नैरेतैः फलं चास्मिन् ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—The interval during which the firmament contains indistinct stars before the Sun has half-risen and

260 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXX. Sl. 2-4. after he has half-set is called the juncture, i. e., dawn and twilight respectively. The effects—good and bad—of the juncture are to be foretold through the following symptoms. तथा च गर्गः अहोरात्रस्य यः सन्धिः सा च सन्ध्या प्रकीर्त्तिता । द्विनाडिका भवेत्साधुर्यावदाज्योतिदर्शनम् ॥ मृगशकुनिपवनपरिवेषपरिधिपरिघाभ्रवृक्षसुरचापैः । गन्धर्वनगररविकरदण्डरजः स्नेहवर्णैश्च ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—The deer, birds, wind, haloes round the Sun and the Moon, mock Sun or Moon, cross-bar¹ of clouds on the Sun's disc at the juncture, tree-shaped² clouds, rainbow and the glossiness of an apparent town in the sky, Sun's rays, a stick-like formation³ caused by the collection of solar rays, clouds and wind and dust, —from these, the effects of the juncture are to be determined.

1. This is an appearance in the sky of the shape of an iron bar.
2. An appearance resembling a tree in shape assumed by the clouds.
3. An appearance in the sky resembling a club. भैरवमुच्चैर्विरुवन् मृगोऽसकृद्ग्रामघातमाचष्टे । रविदीप्तो दक्षिणतो महास्वनः सैन्यघातकरः ॥३॥ Sloka 3.—A beast (deer) dreadfully crying aloud repeatedly, indicates the destruction of the village. The same standing in the Sun to the south of an army and crying aloud, foretells the annihilation of the army. अपसव्ये सङ्ग्रामः सव्ये सेनासमागमः शान्ते । मृगचक्रे पवने वा सन्ध्यायां मिश्रगे वृष्टिः ॥४॥

Adh. XXX. Sl. 5-8.] त्रिंशत्तमोऽध्यायः 261 Sloka 4.—If at dawn or twilight a flock of deer or the wind be to the left of an army (and be facing the Sun), then a war will break out; if it be to the right of the army, cries pleasantly (and is not facing the Sun), the two armies will come together; if it be of mixed characteristics, there will be rain. दीप्तमृगाण्डजविरुता प्राक् सन्ध्या देशनाशमाख्याति । दक्षिणदिक्स्थैर्विरुता ग्रहणाय पुरस्य दीप्तास्यैः ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—If at dawn there be cries of birds and beasts facing the Sun, it forebodes the destruction of the country. If birds and beasts, which with their faces glowing in the Sun send forth their notes, stand to the south of a city, the latter will be captured by the enemies. गृहतरुतोरणमथने सपांसुलोष्टोत्करेऽनिले प्रबले । भैरवरावे रूक्षे खगपातिनि चाशुभा सन्ध्या ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—A dawn or twilight will be of dire con- sequences, if at the time a strong and rough wind blows making a howling noise, crushing houses, trees and arches, raising heaps of dust and clods of earth and throwing down birds from the sky. मन्दपवनावघट्टितचलितपलाशद्रुमा विपवना वा । मधुरस्वरशान्तविहङ्गमृगरुता पूजिता सन्ध्या ॥७॥ Sloka 7.—A dawn or twilight will prove beneficial if the leaves of trees are slightly shaken by the impact of a gentle breeze, or if there be no wind, and if animals and birds, not facing the Sun, send forth their melodious notes. सन्ध्याकाले स्निग्धा दण्डतडिन्मत्स्यपरिधिपरिवेषाः । सुरपतिचापैरावतरविकिरणाश्चाशु वृष्टिकराः ॥८॥

262 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXX. Sl. 9-12. ' Sloka 8.—The following things being glossy at dawn or twilight betoken immediate rain. दण्ड-Danda (vide Sloka 16, infra), lightning, fish-like clouds, a mock Sun, a halo, a rainbow, ऐरावत-Airavata (vide Adhyaya XLVI—20 infra) and Sunbeams. विच्छिन्नविषमविध्वस्तविकृतकुटिलापसव्यपरिवृत्ताः । तनुह्रस्वविकलकलुषाश्च विग्रहावृष्टिदाः किरणाः ॥९॥ Sloka 9.—The Sun's rays, which are broken off, unequal, discoloured, unnatural, crooked, turned anti- clockwise, slender, short, crippled (impaired) and soiled bring about war and drought. उद्योतिनः प्रसन्ना ऋजवो दीर्घाः प्रदक्षिणावर्ताः । किरणाः शिवाय जगतो वितमस्के नभसि भानुमतः ॥१०॥ Sloka 10.—The Sun's rays which are brilliant, pure, straight, long and turned in a clock-wise direction and which are seen in a bright sky, tend to the prosperity of the world. शुक्लाः करा दिनकृतो दिवादिमध्यान्तगामिनः स्निग्धाः । अव्युच्छिन्ना ऋजवो वृष्टिकरास्ते त्वमोघाख्याः ॥११॥ Sloka 11.—The white, glossy, unbroken and straight rays of the Sun, which pervade the whole firmament (from the beginning to the end), produce rain and are called ' Amogha ' or 'unerring '. कल्माषबभ्रुकपिला विचित्रमाञ्जिष्ठहरितशबलाभाः । त्रिदिवानुबन्धिनोऽवृष्टयेऽल्पभयदास्तु सप्ताहात् ॥१२॥ Sloka 12.—Greyish, tawny, russet, variegated, mad- der-hued, green and spotted rays stretching all over the sky (and turned upwards), are conducive to drought and produce some danger after a week.

Adh. XXX. Sl. 13-16.] त्रिंशत्तमोऽध्यायः 263 ताम्रा बलपतिमृत्युं पीतारुणसन्निभाश्च तद्व्यसनम् । हरिताः पशुसस्यवधं धूमसवर्णा गवां नाशम् ॥१३॥ माञ्जिष्ठाभाः शस्त्राग्निसम्भ्रमं बभ्रवः पवनवृष्टिम् । भस्मसदृशास्त्ववृष्टिं तनुभात्रं शबलकल्माषाः ॥१४॥ Slokas 13-14.—Copper-coloured rays of the Sun cause the death of a general; yellow and rosy ones, his misery (or trouble from diseases); green ones, the des- truction of cattle; and smoky ones, the ruin of cows; madder-coloured rays cause trouble through weapons and fires; tawny ones, stormy rain; ash-coloured ones, drought; and spotted and greyish rays occasion slight rain. रुग्ब्यसनम् is another reading for तद्व्यसनम्. बन्धूकपुष्पाञ्जनचूर्णसन्निभं सान्ध्यं रजोऽभ्येति यदा दिवाकरम् । लोकस्तदा रोगशतैर्निपीड्यते शुक्लं रजो लोकविवृद्धिशान्तये ॥१५॥ Sloka 15.—If, at the time of twilight, dust coloured like the Bandhuka flower (very red) or like collyrium powder goes up towards the Sun, mankind will then be afflicted by hundreds of diseases. White dust, at the time, betokens prosperity and peace to the people. Parasara says that if the rising or setting Sun should be covered by dust resembling the white powder of conch, princes will triumph in war and mankind will be happy. तथा च पराशरः बन्धुजीवनिकाशेन तपनीयनिभेन वा । उदये रजसा सूर्यः संवृतः शस्त्रमावहेत् ॥ शङ्खचूर्णनिकाशेन रजसा संवृतो रविः । राज्ञो विजयमाख्याति वृद्धिं जनपदस्य च ॥ रविकिरणजलदमरुतां सङ्घातो दण्डवत्स्थितो दण्डः । स विदिक्स्थितो नृपाणामशुभो दिक्षु द्विजादीनाम् ॥१६॥

264 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXX, Sl. 17-20. Sloka 16.—The collection of Sun-beams, clouds and wind, taking the form of a staff is called a Danda or rod. If the Danda is seen in the intermediate directions, misery will befall the kings, while, in the cardinal direc- tions, it forebodes evil to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, etc., respectively. शस्त्रभयातङ्ककरो दृष्टः प्राच्याद्यसन्धिषु दिनस्य । शुक्लाद्यो विप्रादीन् यदभिमुखस्तां निहन्ति दिशम् ॥१७॥ Sloka 17.—The Rod observed at dawn, noon and twilight produces danger from weapons (war) and diseases; while the same with white, red, yellow and dark colours destroys the four classes in order. Also, it destroys the particular direction which it faces. That part of the Rod which is near the Sun is called its bottom and the other end is its face. दधिसदृशाग्रो नीलो भानुच्छादी खमध्यगोऽभ्रतरुः । पीतच्छुरिताश्च घना घनमूला भूरिवृष्टिकराः ॥१८॥ Sloka 18.—Blue and tree-shaped clouds, which being situated at the zenith of the sky and having a curd- like top, screen the Sun and those tinged yellow with a dense bottom, produce copious rain. अनुलोमगोऽभ्रवृक्षे शमं गते यायिनो नृपस्य वधः । बालतरुप्रतिरूपिणि युवराजामात्ययोर्मृत्युः ॥१९॥ Sloka 19.—If a cloud-tree moving in the same direction (behind) as a marching monarch disappears suddenly, the king will be killed; while the same in the form of a young tree (plant) denotes the death of the prince (Yuvaraja) and minister. कुवलयवैडूर्याम्बुजकिञ्जल्काभा प्रभञ्जनोन्मुक्ता । सन्ध्या करोति वृष्टिं रविकिरणोद्भासिता सद्यः ॥२०॥

Adh. XXX. Sl. 21-23.] त्रिंशत्तमोऽध्यायः 265 Sloka 20.—A twilight which has the hue of blue lily, beryl or lotus-filaments, which is free from wind and which is brightened by the Sun's rays brings down rain the same day. अशुभाकृतिघनगन्धर्वनगरनीहारधूमपांसुयुता । प्रावृषि करोत्यवग्रहमन्वर्तौ शस्त्रकोपकरी ॥२१॥ Sloka 21.—A twilight which contains clouds in in- auspicious* forms, an aerial city, fog, smoke and dust, occasions drought in the rainy season, and clash of arms in other seasons *Like an ass, camel, a headless trunk, a crow, a cat and the like. शिशिरादिषु वर्णाः शोणपीतसितचित्रपद्मरुधिरनिभाः । प्रकृतिभवाः सन्ध्यायां स्वर्तौ शस्ता विकृतिरन्या ॥२२॥ Sloka 22.—In the six seasons beginning with winter the natural colour of the sky at twilight is in their order red, yellow, white, variegated, lotus-hued and crimson. Each colour is beneficial in its own season and harmful, if it is otherwise. तथा च गर्गः । वसन्ते मधुवर्णाभाऽथवा रुधिरसन्निभा । ग्रीष्मे श्वेता रजोध्वस्ता पांसुवर्णा च शस्यते ॥ नीललोहितशुक्लाभा सन्ध्या वर्षासु वार्षिका । माञ्जिष्ठवर्णा शरदि पीयूषाभा च शस्यते ॥ हेमन्ते बभ्रुवर्णा च पिङ्गला चापि पूजिता । शिशिरे शोणवर्णा च सन्ध्या क्षेमसुखप्रदा ॥ स्निग्धा प्रसन्ना विमला सप्रभा नाकुलापि वा । सन्ध्या यथर्तुवर्णाभा शान्तद्विजमृगा शुभा ॥ आयुधभृन्नररूपं छिन्नाभ्रं परभयाय रविगामि । सितखपुरेऽर्काक्रान्ते पुरलाभो मेदने नाशः ॥२३॥

266 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXX. Sl. 24-27. Sloka 23.—If a fragmentary cloud presents the appearance of an armed person and is situated near the Sun, there will be danger (to the king) from enemies. If a white aerial city (of clouds) is approached by the Sun, the town that is besieged by an enemy) will be victorious ; while if it is cut in two by the Sun, the town will be destroyed. सितसितान्तघनवारणं रवेर्भवति वृष्टिकंर यदि सव्यतः । यदि च वीरणगुल्मनिभैर्घनैर्दिवसभर्तुरदीप्तदिगुद्भवैः ॥२४॥ Sloka 24.—If the Sun is covered on the right side by clouds that are white or white-fringed, there will be rain. If he is screened likewise by clouds which are similar in appearance to the bushes of Andropogon grass and which issue from an unblasted quarter, the same result will ensue. नृपविपत्तिकरः परिघः सितः क्षतजतुल्यवपुर्बलकोपकृत् । कनकरूपधरो बलवृद्धिदः सवितुरुद्गमकालसमुत्थितः ॥२५॥ Sloka 25.—A white cross-bar of clouds appearing at sunrise will bring about a king's demise; a blood-red one will ruin an army through internecine warfare; and one with a golden hue will bestow prosperity on the army. उभयपार्श्वगतौ परिधी रवेः प्रचुरतोयकरौ वपुषान्वितौ । अथ समस्तककुप्परिचारिणः परिधयोऽस्ति कणोऽपि न वारिणः ॥ Sloka 26.—If there are mock Suns touching the Sun on both sides, there will be abundant rain. Should they surround him on all the four sides, not a drop of rain would fall. ध्वजातपत्रपर्वतद्विपाश्वरूपधारिणः । जयाय सन्ध्ययोर्घना रणाय रक्तसन्निभाः ॥२७॥

Adh. XXX. Sl. 28-30.] त्रिंशत्तमोऽध्यायः 267 पलालधूमसञ्चयस्थितोपमा वलाहकाः । बलान्यरूक्षमूर्तयो विवर्धयन्ति भूभृताम् ॥२८॥ विलम्बिनो द्रुमोपमाः खरारुणप्रकाशिनः । घनाः शिवाय सन्ध्ययोः पुरोपमाः शुभावहाः ॥२९॥ Slokas 27-29.—At twilights, the clouds that have the shapes of a banner, umbrella, mountain, elephant, and horse, conduce to the victory of kings and the people; while blood-red ones tend to war. Those that are suspended like the mass of smoke from straw fire, and are smooth in appearance, make the armies of kings prosper. Those hanging low, resembling trees, shining brightly owing to their deep-red colour or looking like towns bestow prosperity. दीप्तविहङ्गशिवामृगघुष्टा दण्डरजःपरिघादियुता च । प्रत्यहमर्कविकारयुता वा देशनरेशसुभिक्षवधाय ॥३०॥ Sloka 30.—If at a twilight birds, jackals and beasts that face the Sun cry out, if there are the Rod, dust, bolt and so forth, or if every day the Sun appears in an unnatural form, the destruction of a country, king and food will be the result. तथा च काश्यपः । दिनरात्र्यन्तरं सन्ध्या सूर्यस्यार्द्धं प्रदृश्यते । यावच्च तावदारभ्य शुभा वाप्यशुभापि वा । नभोऽमलं शुभदिक्कः पद्मारुणसमप्रभाः । मारुतो वाति सुरभिः सुखदो मृदुशीतलः ॥ एषा सन्ध्या शुभा ज्ञेया विपरीताऽशुभा स्मृता । रूक्षा च सविकारार्का क्रव्यादाखरनादिता ॥ स्निग्धा दण्डपरीवेषा सुरचापविभूषिता । क्षिप्रं वर्षप्रदा सन्ध्या जयारोग्यविवृद्धिदा ॥