बृहत्संहिता (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - स्थापत्य, खगोल, मौसम व जल विज्ञान)

554 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 57-62. Slokas 55-56.—A feminine face belongs to the child- less ; a round one, to the roguish persons ; a long one, to the poor ; a cowardly one, to sinners ; a quadrilateral one, to the treacherous ; a sunken one, to the childless ; a very small one, to misers ; and a full, fleshy and hand- some one, to those who enjoy pleasures. अस्फुटिताग्रं स्निग्धं श्मश्रु शुभं मृदु च सन्नतं चैव । रक्तैः परुषैश्चौराः श्मश्रुभिरल्पैश्च विज्ञेयाः ॥५७॥ Sloka 57.—The mustaches and beard being smooth, well-bent and soft, having unsplit ends, are of good au- gury ; being red, hard and short (sparse), produce thieves. निर्मांसैः कर्णैः पापमृत्युश्चशर्पटैः सुबहुभोगाः । कृपणाश्च ह्रस्वकर्णाः शङ्कुश्रवणाश्चमूपतयः ॥५८॥ रोमशकर्णा दीर्घायुषश्च धनभागिनो विपुलकर्णाः । क्रूराः शिरावनद्धैर्व्यालम्बैर्मांसलैः सुखिनः ॥५९॥ Slokas 58-59.—Lean and lank ears lead to a treache- rous death ; flat ones, to enjoyment of many pleasures ; short ones, to miserliness ; conical ones, to command of an army ; hairy ones, to long life ; large (broad) ones, to wealth ; those full of veins, to a cruel nature ; fleshy and pendent ones, to happiness भोगी त्वनिम्नगण्डो मन्त्री सम्पूर्णमांसगण्डो यः । सुखभाक् शुकसमनासश्चिरजीवी शुष्कनासश्च ॥६०॥ छिन्नानुरूपयाऽगम्यगामिनो दीर्घया तु सौभाग्यम् । आकुञ्चितया चौरः स्त्रीमृत्युः स्याच्चिपिटनासः ॥६१॥ धनिनोऽग्रवक्रनासा दक्षिणविनताः प्रभक्षणाः क्रूराः । ऋज्वी स्वल्पच्छिद्रा सुपुटा नासा सभाग्यानाम् ॥६२॥ Slokas 60-62.—Unsunken cheeks indicate enjoyment of pleasures ; and full and plump ones, a minister. A

Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 63 67.] अष्टषष्टितमोऽध्यायः 555 nose similar to a parrot's beak gives happiness ; a dry (without flesh) one, long life. One apparently cut, con- nection with forbidden women ; a long one, fortune ; a curved one, stealing nature ; a flat one, death at the hands of a woman ; one crooked at the tip, wealth ; one turned to the right, cruelty and improvidence ; and a straight one with small nostrils and fine slopes, good fortune. धनिनां क्षुतं सकृद्वित्रिपिण्डितं ह्रादि सानुनादं च । दीर्घायुषां प्रमुक्तं विज्ञेयं संहतं चैव ॥६३॥ Sloka 63.—Sneezing once, twice or thrice, high- pitched and resonant is the sign of the wealthy ; a pro- longed one as well as one of the same pitch throughout, of the long-lived. Others interpret it as :—Only once sneezing is.........of the wealthy ; twice or thrice sucessively sneezing, high-pitched, re- sonant, etc.. of the long-lived. पद्मदलामैर्धनिनो रक्तान्तविलोचनाः श्रियो भाजः । मधुपिङ्गलैर्महार्था मार्जारविलोचनैः पापाः ॥६४॥ हरिणाक्षा मण्डललोचनाश्च जिह्मैश्च लोचनैश्चौराः । क्रूराः केकरनेत्रा गजसदृशविलोचनाश्चभूपतयः ॥६५॥ ऐश्वर्यं गम्भीरैर्नीलोत्पलकान्तिभिश्च विद्वांसः । अतिकृष्णतारकाणामक्ष्णामुत्पाटनं भवति ॥६६॥ मन्त्रित्वं स्थूलदृशां श्यावाक्षाणां भवति सौभाग्यम् । दीना दृष्टिःस्वानां स्निग्धा विपुलाथभोगवताम् ॥६७॥ Slokas 64-67.—Men become wealthy with eyes re- sembling the petals of a lotus ; wealthy and fortunate, with those that have red corners ; immensely rich with those coloured tawny like honey ; sinners, with feline

556 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 68-72. eyes ; thieves, with round and crooked ones resembling those of the gazelle; cruel, with blue ones ; commanders of armies, with elephantine ones ; wealthy, with deep ones ; scholars, with those having the lustre of blue lilies ; The eyes that have very dark pupils will be pulled out ; broad and thick eyes make ministers ; green ones, fortune ; humble ones belong to the poor ; while glossy ones, to those who enjoy immense wealth and pleasures. अभ्युन्नताभिरल्पायुषो विशालोन्नताभिरतिसुखिनः । विषमभ्रुवो दरिद्रा बालेन्दुनतभ्रुवः सधनाः ॥६८॥ दीर्घासंसक्ताभिर्धनिनः खण्डाभिरर्थपरिहीनाः । मध्यविनतभ्रुवो ये ते सक्ताः स्त्रीष्वगम्यासु ॥६९॥ Slokas 68-69.—Lofty brows are the indications of short life ; broad and lofty ones, of great happiness, un- equal ones, of poverty ; bent ones resembling the cres- cent, of wealth ; long and unconnected ones, of afflu- ence ; cut ones, of indigence ; and those bent in the middle, of addiction to forbidden women. उन्नतविपुलैः शङ्खैर्धनिनो निम्नैः सुतार्थसन्त्यक्ताः । विषमललाटा विधना धनवन्तोऽर्द्धेन्दुसदृशेन ॥७०॥ शुक्तिविशालैराचार्य्यता शिरासन्ततैरधर्मरताः । उन्नतशिराभिराढ्याः स्वस्तिकवत् संस्थिताभिश्च ॥७१॥ निम्नंललाटा वधबन्धभागिनः क्रूरकर्मनिरताश्च । अभ्युन्नतैश्चभूपाः कृपणाः स्युः संवृतललाटाः ॥७२॥ Slokas 70-72.—By large and high temples, men be- come wealthy ; by sunken ones, devoid of children and money ; by an uneven forehead, men become indigent ; by one resembling the half-Moon, prosperous ; by one large like a shell, preceptors of people ; by one full of

Adh. LXVIII, Sl. 73-78.] अष्टषष्टितमोऽध्यायः 557 veins, addicted to unrighteous acts; by one filled with veins swollen as well as resembling the Swastika figure, opulent; by a depressed one, suffer imprisonment and a foul death, as well as become addicted to cruel deeds; by a raised forehead, commanders of armies; by a round and small one, misers. रुदितमदीनमनश्रु स्निग्धं च शुभावहं मनुष्याणाम् । रूक्षं दीनं प्रचुराश्रु चैव न शुभप्रदं पुंसाम् ॥७३॥ Sloka 73.—A weeping that is soft, without tears, and not humble, is auspicious to mankind; whereas one that is rough, humble and with copious tears is of evil consequences to them. हसितं शुभदमकम्पं सनिमीलितलोचनं तु पापस्य । दुष्टस्य हसितमसकृत् सोन्मादस्यासकृत् प्रान्ते ॥७४॥ Sloka 74.—An unshaky laughter is of happy results; one accompanied by closed eyes belongs to a person that acts murderously; a repeated one, to a wicked fellow; and a repetition at the end of one, to a madcap. तिस्रो रेखाः शतजीविनां ललाटायताः स्थिता यदि ताः । चतसृभिरवनीशत्वं नवतिश्चायुः सपञ्चाब्दा ॥७५॥ विच्छिन्नाभिश्चागम्यगामिनो नवतिरप्यरेखेण । केशान्तोपगताभी रेखाभिरशीतिवर्षायुः ॥७६॥ पञ्चभिरायुः सप्ततिरेकाग्रावस्थिताभिरपि षष्टिः । बहुरेखेण शतार्धं चत्वारिंशच्च वक्राभिः ॥७७॥ शूलाग्राभिस्त्रिंशद्विंशतिकश्चैव वामवक्राभिः । क्षुद्राभिः स्वल्पायुर्न्यूनाभिश्चान्तरे कल्प्यम् ॥७८॥ Slokas 75-78.—Three long lines on the forehead in- dicate a life of hundred years; four long ones, kingship and a life of 95 years; cut lines or no lines at all, addic-

558 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 79-82. tion to forbidden women and a life of 90 years; the lines touching the hair on both sides, a life of 80 years; five lines on the forehead, indicate a life of 70 years; all lines converging to a point, of 60 years; many (six) lines, a life of 50 years; crooked ones, of 40 years; those touching the brows, of 30 years; those curved to- wards the left, of 20 years; slender and small ones, a short life; those short of the above, a life that is to be proportionately calculated. परिमण्डलैर्गवाढ्याश्छत्राकारैः शिरोभिरवनीशाः। चिपिटैः पितृमातृघ्नाः करोटिशिरसां चिरान्मृत्युः ॥७९॥ घटमूर्धान्वानरुचिर्द्विमस्तकः पापकृद्धनैस्त्यक्तः। निम्नं तु शिरो महतां बहुनिम्नमर्थदं भवति ॥८०॥ Slokas 79-80.—Men with a round head become rich in cattle; with one like an umbrella, kings; with a flat one, murderers of parents; with one like a cap or turban (lit. skull), long-lived; with a pot-like head, tourists; with a double head, sinners and indigent; with a de- pressed head, great men; and with a too-much depressed one, ill-fated. एकैकभवैः स्निग्धैः कृष्णैराकुञ्चितैरभिन्नाग्रैः। मृदुभिर्न चातिबहुभिः केशैः सुखभाग्नरेन्द्रो वा ॥८१॥ बहुमूलविषमकपिलाः स्थूलस्फुटिताग्रपरुषह्रस्वाश्च। अतिकुटिलाश्चातिघनाश्च मूर्धजा वित्तहीनानाम् ॥८२॥ Slokas 81-82.—One becomes a king or enjoyer of happiness, if the hairs (on the head) are single in each pore, glossy, dark, bent, with tips unsplit, soft, and not too thick. One becomes penniless with the hair being many in one pore, of unequal length, brown, very thick, with tips split, rough, short, too crooked and too dense.

Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 83-88.] अष्टषष्टितमोऽध्यायः 559 यद्यद्गात्रं रूक्षं मांसविहीनं शिरावनद्धं च । तत्तदनिष्टं प्रोक्तं विपरीतमतः शुभं सर्वम् ॥८३॥ Sloka 83.—Whatever limb of the body is rough, without flesh, and full of veins, it is considered to be in- auspicious ; and the opposite of these is good. त्रिषु विपुलो गम्भीरस्त्रिष्वेव षडुन्नतश्चतुर्ह्रस्वः । सप्तसु रक्तो राजा पञ्चसु दीर्घश्च सूक्ष्मश्च ॥८४॥ Sloka 84.—One becomes a king if one is broad in three limbs, deep in three, raised in six, short in four, red in seven, long in five and slender in five. नाभी स्वरः सत्त्वमिति प्रशस्तं गम्भीरमेतत् त्रितयं नराणाम् । उरो ललाटं वदनं च पुंसां विस्तीर्णमेतत् त्रितयं प्रशस्तम् ॥८५॥ वक्षोऽथ कक्षा नखनासिकास्यं कृकाटिका चेति षडुन्नतानि । ह्रस्वानि चत्वारि च लिङ्गपृष्ठं ग्रीवा च जङ्घे च हितप्रदानि ॥८६॥ नेत्रान्तपादकरतालवधरोष्ठजिह्वा रक्ता नखाश्च खलु सप्त सुखावहानि । सूक्ष्माणि पञ्च दशनाङ्गुलिपर्वकेशाः साकं त्वचा कररुहा न च दुःखितानाम् ॥८७॥ हनुलोचनबाहुनासिकाः स्तनयोरन्तरमत्र पञ्चमम् । इति दीर्घमिदं तु पञ्चकं न भवत्येव नृणामभूभृताम् ॥८८॥ Slokas 85-88.—It is laudable for men to have (a) the three, viz., navel, voice and courage, deep; (b) the three, breast, forehead and mouth, broad; (c) the six, viz. chest, armpits, nails, nose, mouth and the nape of the neck, raised; (d) the four,, viz., the genital organ, back, neck and shanks, short; (e) it leads to happiness of men to have the seven, the corners of eyes, feet, hands, palate, lower lip, tongue and nails, red, (f) the five, the teeth,

550 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 89-91. finger-kunckles, hair, skin and fingers, thin; and only kings have (g) the five, Hanu (the part below the chin), eyes, arms, nose and the space between the paps, long. II. Complexion. छायाशुभाशुभफलानि निवेदयन्ती लक्ष्या मनुष्यपशुपक्षिषु लक्षणज्ञैः । तेजोगुणान् बहिरपि प्रविकाशयन्ती दीपप्रभा स्फटिकरत्नघटस्थितेव ॥८९॥ Sloka 89—The bodily lustre (complexion) which indicates both good and bad effects and reveals the virtues of the heart, as does the flame of a lamp kept inside a crystal pot, the qualities of brilliance, is to be observed by those well-versed in the science, in men, animals and birds. स्निग्धद्विजत्वङ्नखरोमकेशाऽऽङ्कच्छाया सुगन्धा च महीसमुत्था । तुष्ट्यर्थलाभाभ्युदयान् करोति धर्मस्य चान्वहनि प्रवृत्तिम् ॥९०॥ Sloka 90.—The lustre born of the element, earth, makes the teeth, skin, nails and hair on the body and head glossy, produces fine smell, bestows contentment, wealth, gain and rise in status, and causes engagement in religious and meritorious acts always. स्निग्धा सिताच्छहरिता नयनाभिरामा सौभाग्यमार्दवसुखाभ्युदयान् करोति । सर्वार्थसिद्धिजननी जननीव चाप्या छाया फलं तनुभृतां शुभमादधाति ॥९१॥ Sloka 91.— The lustre born of the element, water, is glossy, white or pure, green, attractive to the eyes, gives amiable qualities, a soft nature, happiness, pros- perity, all kinds of progress like a mother, and all-round good to human beings.

Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 92-94.] अष्टषष्टितमोऽध्यायः 561 चण्डाधृष्या पद्महेमाग्निवर्णा युक्ता तेजोविक्रमैः सप्रतापैः । आग्नेयीति प्राणिनां स्याज्जयाय क्षिप्रं सिद्धिं वाञ्छितार्थस्य दत्ते ॥ Sloka 92.—The lustre born of the element, Fire, is irascible, irresistible, of the hue of lotus, gold or fire, endowed with brilliance, valour and might, leads to victory of beings and confers immediate accomplishment of the desired object. मलिनपरुषकृष्णा पापगन्धानिलोत्था जनयति वधबन्धव्याध्यनर्थार्थनाशान् । स्फटिकसदृशरूपा भाग्ययुक्तात्युदारा निधिरिव गगनोत्था श्रेयसां स्वच्छवर्णा ॥९३॥ Sloka 93.—The lustre born of the element, air, is dusky, rough, dark, of foul smell, and leads to murders, imprisonment, diseases, disasters and loss of wealth. The lustre born of the element, ether, is of crystal hue, a bestower of fortune, very generous, very clean and a treasure, as it were, of all good things. छायाः क्रमेण कुजलाग्न्यनिलाम्बरोत्थाः केचिद्वदन्ति दश ताश्च यथानुपूर्व्या । सूर्याब्जनाभपुरुहूतयमोडुपानां तुल्यास्तु लक्षणफलैरिति तत्समासः ॥९४॥ Sloka 94.—These are the five kinds of bodily lustre born, in order, of earth, water, fire, air, and ether ; but according to others, there are five more, which are in order, born of the Sun, Vishnu, Indra, Yama and the Moon. Since the latter five are similar to the others in characteristics and effects, the five mentioned above have been given as containing the whole matter. बृ. स. 71

562 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 95-99. III. Voice. करिवृषरथौघभेरीमृदङ्गसिंहाभ्रनिःस्वना भूपाः । गर्दभजर्जररूक्षस्वराश्च धनसौख्यसन्त्यक्ताः ॥९५॥ Sloka 95.—Kings have a voice similar to the sound of elephants, bulls, a group of chariots, drums, tabors, lions or clouds. Those that are devoid of wealth and happiness, have a voice which is broken, rough or like that of a donkey. IV. Strength. सप्त भवन्ति च सारा मेदोमज्जात्वगस्थिशुक्राणि । रुधिरं मांसं चेति प्राणभृतां तत्समासफलम् ॥९६॥ Sloka 96.—Living beings have seven vital substances in their body, viz., fat, marrow, skin, bones, semen, blood and flesh. The following are their effects in brief : ताल्वोष्ठदन्तपालीजिह्वानेत्रान्तपायुकरचरणैः । रक्ते तु रक्तसारा बहुसुखवनितार्थपुत्रयुताः ॥९७॥ Sloka 97.—If there be blood-red colour in the palate, lips, jaws, tongue, corners of eyes, anus, hands and feet, men would have the vital substance of blood in abun- dance, and be endowed with all kinds of happiness, wealth and many wives and children. स्निग्धत्वचा धनिनो मृदुभिः सुभगा विचक्षणास्तनुभिः । मज्जामेदःसाराः सुशरीराः पुत्रवित्तयुताः ॥९८॥ Sloka 98.—The wealthy have a glossy skin ; amiable ones, a soft one ; scholars, a thin one ; the handsome and those that are blessed with sons and wealth, fat and mar- row in plenty. स्थूलास्थिरस्थिसारो बलवान् विद्यान्तगः सुरूपश्च । बहुगुरुशुक्राः सुभगा विद्वांसो रूपवन्तश्च ॥९९॥

Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 100-103.] अष्टषष्टितमोऽध्यायः 563 Sloka 99.—One who has thick bones is termed ‘bone-strong’ and has physical strength, good features and sound learning. Fortunate, learned and handsome are those that have copious and thick semen. V. Joints. उपचितदेहो विद्वान् धनी सुरूपश्च मांससारो यः । सङ्घात इति च सुश्लिष्टसन्धिता सुखभुजो ज्ञेयाः ॥१००॥ Sloka 100.—One who has a well-developed body is termed ‘Flesh-strong’, and possesses learning, wealth and handsome features. Those who have compact joints are said to have ‘cohesion’ and they enjoy happiness. VI. Gloss. स्नेहः पञ्चसु लक्ष्यो वाग्जिह्वादन्तनेत्रनखसंस्थः । सुतधनसौभाग्ययुताः स्निग्धैस्तैर्निर्धना रूक्षैः ॥१०१॥ Sloka 101.—Gloss is to be observed in five things, viz., speech, tongue, teeth, eyes and nails. If all these are glossy, men will be blessed with sons, money and fortune ; whereas if these are rough, they will be poor. VII. Colour. द्युतिमान् वर्णस्निग्धः क्षितिपानां मध्यमः सुतार्थवताम् । रूक्षो धनहीनानां शुद्धः शुभदो न सङ्कीर्णः ॥१०२॥ Sloka 102.—A glossy and shining complexion be- longs to kings ; a medium one, to those with sons and wealth ; a rough one, to the indigent ; a clean comple- xion is always good ; and not so, a mixed one. VIII. Physiognomy. साध्यमनूकं वक्त्राद्द्रोणवृषशार्दूलसिंहगरुडमुखाः । अप्रतिहतप्रतापा जितरिपवो मानवेन्द्राश्च ॥१०३॥

564 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 104-107. वानरमहिशवराहाजतुल्यवदनाः श्रुतार्थसुखभाजः । गर्दभकरभप्रतिमैर्मुखैः शरीरैश्च निःसुखाः ॥१०४॥ Slokas 103-104.—The previous birth is to be de- duced from the face; those whose face resembles that of a cow, bull, tiger, lion or eagle, had a good pre-natal ex- istence and had become great kings of irresistible valour, vanquishing their foes. The previous birth of those who had their face similar to that of a monkey, buffalo, boar or goat, had a moderate previous birth, and will enjoy in this birth wealth, happiness and learning. Those whose face and body are like those of a donkey or a camel, will have neither wealth nor happiness. Their previous birth was very bad. IX. Height. अष्टशतं षण्णवतिः परिमाणं चतुरशीतिरिति पुंसाम् । उत्तमसमहीनानामङ्गुलसंख्या खमानेन ॥१०५॥ Sloka 105.—The height of the best type of men is 108 digits of themselves, that of the medium type, 96 digits, and that of the inferior one, 84 digits. X. Weight. भारार्धतनुः सुखभाक् तुलितोऽतो दुःखभाग्भवत्यूनः । भारोऽतीवाढ्यानामध्यर्धः सर्वधरणीशः ॥१०६॥ Sloka 106.—A person weighing half a Bhara (1000 palas) will be happy; one weighing less than that, mise- rable; those weighing one Bhara, immensely wealthy; and one weighing one Bhara and a half, an emperor. विंशतिवर्षा नारी पुरुषः खलु पञ्चविंशतिभिरब्दैः । अर्हति मानोन्मानं जीवितभागे चतुर्थे वा ॥१०७॥

Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 108-114.] अष्टषष्टितमोऽध्यायः 565 Sloka 107.—A woman of 20 years and a man of 25 years deserve to be weighed and their height measured ; or this may be done soon after they pass a fourth part of their span of life. Here the span of life is taken to be 100 years. Otherwise, weight and height should be taken when they pass a fourth part of their life. XI. Natural Character भूजलशिख्यनिलाम्बरसुरनररक्षःपिशाचकतिरश्चाम् । सत्त्वेन भवति पुरुषो लक्षणमेतद्भवति तेषाम् ॥१०८॥ Sloka 108.—The nature of men resembles that of earth, water, fire, air, ether, gods, mortals, demons, devils or beasts. The following are their characteristics : महीस्वभावः शुभपुष्पगन्धः सम्भोगवान् सुश्वसनः स्थिरश्च । तोयस्वभावो बहुतोयपायी प्रियाभिभाषी रसभाजनश्च ॥१०९॥ Sloka 109.—A man of earthy nature has the smell of good flowers, enjoys pleasures, has a pleasant breath, and is firm mentally. One of watery nature drinks plenty of water, speaks agreeably and enjoys delicious things. In the last पद, रसभोजनश्च is another reading. अग्निप्रकृत्या चपलोऽतितीक्ष्णश्चण्डः क्षुधालुर्बहुभोजनश्च । वायोः स्वभावेन चलः कृशश्च क्षिप्रं च कोपस्य वशं प्रयाति ॥११०॥ Sloka 110.—A man of fiery disposition is fickle- minded, very cruel, irascible, ever hungry and glutton- ous. One of airy nature is unsteady in character, lean (weak) physically, and easily loses temper. खप्रकृतिर्निपुणो विवृतास्यः शब्दगतेः कुशलः सुशिराङ्गः । त्यागयुतः पुरुषो मृदुकोपः स्नेहरतश्च भवेत्सुरसत्त्वः ॥१११॥

566 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXVIII. Sl. 112-115. Sloka 111.—A man of the nature of ether is clever, open-mouthed, expert in grammar, and possessed of limbs with beautiful veins. A man of divine nature is charitable, of soft temper, and devoted to friends. मर्त्यसत्त्वसंयुतो गीतभूषणप्रियः ॥ संविभागशीलवान् नित्यमेव मानवः ॥११२॥ Sloka 112.—A man endowed with a human nature is fond of songs and ornaments, always possesses a good character and shares his wealth with his fellowmen. तीक्ष्णप्रकोपः खलचेष्टितश्च पापश्च सत्त्वेन निशाचराणाम् । पिशाचसत्त्वश्चपलो मलाक्तो बहुप्रलापी च समुल्बणाङ्गः ॥११३॥ Sloka 113.—A man of a demoniac nature is hot- tempered, of wicked actions, and sinful. One of a devi- lish nature is fickle-minded, uncleanly, given to prattling and of a corpulent physique. भीरुः क्षुधालुर्बहुभुक् च यः स्याज्ज्ञेयश्च सत्त्वेन नरस्तिरश्चाम् । एवं नराणां प्रकृतिः प्रदिष्टा यल्लक्षणज्ञाः प्रवदन्ति सत्त्वम् ॥११४॥ Sloka 114.—A man of bestial nature is timid, ever- hungry and gluttonous. Thus has been expounded the nature of men which the knowers of characteristics call 'Sattva'—inner mettle. XII. Gait. शार्दूलहंससमदद्विपगोपतीनां तुल्या भवन्ति गतिभिः शिखिनां च भूपाः । येषां च शब्दरहितं स्तिमितं च यातं तेऽपीश्वरा द्रुतपरिप्लुतगा दरिद्राः ॥११५॥ Sloka 115.—The gait of kings resemble that of lions, swans, intoxicated elephants, bulls or peacocks; that of

LXVIII. 116, LXIX.1-2 .] एकोनसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः 567 the rich is slow and without any sound ; and that of the poor, brisk and leaping. In the first पाद शार्दूलसिंह is another reading. श्रान्तस्य यानमशनं च बुभुक्षितस्य पानं तृषापरिगतस्य भयेषु रक्षा । एतानि यस्य पुरुषस्य भवन्ति काले धन्यं वदन्ति खलु तं नरलक्षणज्ञाः ॥११६॥ Sloka 116.—Those learned in the science of human characteristics call a man blest, if he gets the following facilities in time, viz., a conveyance, when fatigued ; food, when hungry ; drink, when thirsty ; and protection, when frightened. Thus ends the 68th Adhyaya on " the Signs of Men." पञ्चमहापुरुषलक्षणम् ॥६९॥ Signs of the Five Great Men. ताराग्रहैर्बलयुतैः स्वक्षेत्रस्वोच्चगैश्चतुष्टयगैः । पञ्च पुरुषाः प्रशस्ता जायन्ते तानहं वक्ष्ये ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—When the non-luminous planets are strong, posited in their own or exaltation signs and in Kendra houses, five great personages are born. I shall now describe them. जीवेन भवति हंसः सौरेण शशः कुजेन रुचकश्च । भद्रो बुधेन बलिना मालव्यो दैत्यपूज्येन ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—When Jupiter, Saturn, Mars, Mercury and Venus are in their turn strong, great men called Hamsa, Sasa, Ruchaka, Bhadra and Malavya respectively are produced. Cf. सारावली Adh. 37-Sl. 2.

568 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXIX. Sl. 3-6. सत्त्वमहीनं सूर्याच्छारीरं मानसं च चन्द्रबलात् । यद्राशिभेदयुक्तावेतौ तल्लक्षणः स पुमान् ॥३॥ तद्धातुमहाभूतप्रकृतिद्युतिवर्णसत्त्वरूपाद्यैः । अबलरवीन्दुयुतैस्तैः सङ्कीर्णो लक्षणैः पुरुषः ॥४॥ Slokas 3-4.—A person's undiminished mettle is de- rived from the Sun (when strong); physical and mental qualities (strength) from the strength of the Moon. A person's characteristics depend upon the Rasis and their various divisions in which these two planets are posited (as well as upon the planets with which they are conjoined). Men will be blessed with the bodily substance, great ele- ment, nature, lustre, colour, mettle, appearance, etc., be- longing to the particular division of a sign occupied by them (when strong); when these two are weak, the characteristics will be of a mixed type. Cf. सारावली Adh. 37-28. भौमात्सत्त्वं गुरुता बुधात्सुरेज्यात् स्वरः सितात् स्नेहः । वर्णः सौरादेषां गुणदोषैः साध्वसाधुत्वम् ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—From Mars do they get valour; from Mercury, physical growth and weight; from Jupiter, voice; from Venus, cleanliness or glossiness; and from Saturn, colour or complexion. Owing to the excellences or defects of these planets, the above things become good or bad as the case may be. Cf. सारावली Adh. 37-3. सङ्कीर्णाः स्युर्न नृपा दशासु तेषां भवन्ति सुखभाजः । रिपुगृहनीचोच्चच्युतसत्पापनिरीक्षणैर्भेदाः ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—Men with mixed characteristics do not become kings, but they become happy in the Dasa periods of the planets concerned. The differences arise

Adh. LXIX. Sl. 7-9.] एकोनसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः 569 from the benefics being posited in the house of their enemy, or depression, or being fallen from their exalta- tion sign, or from their being aspected by malefics (or from the benefics being aspected by planets, benefics or malefics, being posited in the houses of their enemy, depression or having fallen from their exaltation house). षण्णवतिरङ्गुलानां व्यायामो दीर्घता च हंसस्य । शशरुचकभद्रमालव्यसञ्ज्ञितास्त्र्यङ्गुलविवृद्ध्या ॥७॥ Sloka 7.—The height and extent of the two arms outstretched of the Hamsa type of men are 96 digits ; and those of Sasa, Ruchaka, Bhadra and Malavya are 99, 102, 105 and 108 digits respectively. यः सात्त्विकस्तस्य दया स्थिरत्वं सत्त्वार्जवं ब्राह्मणदेवभक्तिः रजोऽधिकः काव्यकलाक्रतुस्त्रीसंसक्तचित्तः पुरुषोऽतिशूरः ॥८॥ तमोऽधिको वञ्चयिता परेषां मूर्खोऽलसः क्रोधपरोऽतिनिद्रः । मिश्रैर्गुणैः सत्त्वरजस्तमोभिर्मिश्रास्तु ते सप्त सह प्रभेदैः ॥९॥ Slokas 8-9.—A person in whom the quality of goodness predominates has kindness, firmness, courage, straightforwardness and devotion to Brahmins and Gods; one in whom the quality of passion predominates, is heartily attached to literature (poetry), fine arts, sacri- fices and women, and is very heroic; and one in whom the quality of darkness or ignorance predominates is de- ceitful, foolish, lazy, hot-tempered and addicted to sleep. There are persons with mixed characteristics owing to the intermingling of these three qualities in seven ways. मालव्यो नागनासः समभुजयुगलो जानुसम्प्राप्तहस्तो मांसैः पूर्णाङ्गसन्धिः समरुचिरतनुर्मध्यभागे कृशश्च । बृ. सं. 72

570 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXIX. Sl. 10-13. पञ्चाष्टौ चोर्ध्वमास्यं श्रुतिविवरमपि त्र्यङ्गुलोनं च तिर्य- ग्दीप्ताक्षं सत्कपोलं समसितदशनं नातिमांसाधरोष्ठम् ॥१०॥ Sloka 10.—A man belonging to the Malavya type has his arms resembling the trunk of an elephant and touching the knees, the limbs and joints full of flesh, the body even, handsome and slender in the waist, the face 13 digits in height, the ear-holes 10 digits apart, shining eyes, fine cheeks, equal and white teeth and not a very fleshy lower lip. मालवान् स भरुकच्छसुराष्ट्रान् लाटसिन्धुविषयप्रभृतींश्च । विक्रमार्जितधनोऽवति राजा पारियात्रनिलयान् कृतबुद्धिः ॥११॥ Sloka 11.—One belonging to the above class be- comes a king of cultured mind, and rules over the Mal- was, Broach, Surastrians, Latas, Sindhus and the regions of the Pariyatra mountain, having amassed wealth by dint of prowess. सप्ततिवर्षो मालव्योऽयं त्यक्ष्यति सम्यक्प्राणांस्तीर्थे । लक्षणमेतत्सम्यक्प्रोक्तं शेषनराणां चातो वक्ष्ये ॥१२॥ Sloka 12.—Such a person (Malavya) lives for 70 years and abandons his body in a sacred place by Yoga. Thus have the characteristics of this class been clearly explained and those of the other classes I now proceed to define. Cf. सारावली Adh. 37—29, 30. उपचितसमवृत्तलम्बबाहुर्द्धजययुगलप्रमितः समुच्छ्रयोऽस्य । मृदुतनुघनरोमनद्धगण्डो भवति नरः खलु लक्षणेन भद्रः ॥१३॥ Sloka 13.—One belonging to the Bhadra class has the following characteristics :—His arms are well-deve- loped, equal, round and long ; his height is equal to the

Adh. LXIX. Sl. 14-17.] एकोनसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः 571 length of his outstretched arms; and his temples are densely covered with tender and slender hair. त्वक्शुक्रसारः पृथुपौनवक्षाः सत्त्वाधिको व्याघ्रमुखः स्थिरश्च । क्षमान्वितो धर्मपरः कृतज्ञो गजेन्द्रगामी बहुशास्त्रवेत्ता ॥१४॥ प्राज्ञो वपुष्मान् सुललाटशङ्खः कलास्वभिज्ञो धृतिमान् सुकुक्षिः । सरोजगर्भद्युतिपाणिपादो योगी सुनासः समसंहतभ्रूः ॥१५॥ Slokas 14-15.—His skin and semen are strong; breast large and muscular; nature, lofty; face, tiger-like; mind, steady; he is endowed with tolerance; attached to righteous deeds; grateful; his gait is like that of a lordly elephant; he knows many sciences; is intelligent; handsome; has beautiful temples and forehead; is well- versed in fine arts; is courageous; has a good belly; his feet and hands have the lustre of the interior of lotus; he loves contemplation; he has a good nose and equal and well-knit brows. नवाम्बुसिक्तावनिपत्रकुङ्कुमद्विपेन्द्रदानागुरुतुल्यगन्धता । शिरोरुहाश्चैकजकृष्णकुञ्चितास्तुरङ्गनागोपमगुह्यगूढता ॥१६॥ Sloka 16.—His person smells like the earth sprinkled with fresh rain, cassia leaf, saffron, ichor of elephants, and Aguru (tree); his hairs are dark, curly and single in each pore; and his genital organ is hidden like that of a horse or elephant. हलमुसलगदासिशङ्खचक्रद्विपमकराब्जरथाङ्किताङ्घ्रिहस्तः । विभवमपि जनोऽस्य वोभुजीति क्षमति हि न स्वजनं स्वतन्त्रबुद्धिः॥ Sloka 17.—His hands and feet are marked with the figures of ploughs, staves, maces, swords, conch-shells, wheels (discuses), elephants, crocodiles, lotuses and cha- riots. His wealth is fully enjoyed by the public. He

572 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LXIX. Sl. 18-20. has independent ideas and does not tolerate his kith and kin. अङ्गुलानि नवतिश्च षड्नान्युच्छ्रयेण तुलयापि हि भारः । मध्यदेशनृपतिर्यदि पुष्टाऽङ्ग्यादयोऽस्य सकलावनिनाथः ॥१८॥ Sloka 18.—His height and weight are respectively 84 digits and a Bhara (2000 palas). He becomes the king of the central countries ; but if his height and ex- tent of outstretched arms be each 105 digits, he would be an emperor . भुक्त्वा सम्यग्वसुधां शौर्येणोपार्जितामशीत्यब्दः । तीर्थे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा भद्रो देवालयं याति ॥१९॥ Sloka 19.—The Bhadra type of man rules fittingly for 80 years over the earth conquered by valour, and abandoning his mortal coil in a place of pilgrimage goes to heaven. सारावली Adh. 37-40, 44, 42, 43. ईषदन्तुरकस्तनुद्विजनखः कोशेक्षणः शीघ्रगो विद्याधातुवाणिक्क्रियासु निरतः सम्पूर्णगण्डः शठः । सेनानीः प्रियमैथुनः परजनस्त्रीसक्तचित्तश्चलः शूरो मातृहितो वनाचलनदीदुर्गेषु सक्तः शशः ॥२०॥ Sloka 20.—One belonging to the शश (Sasa) group has somewhat prominent and thin teeth, thin nails, large eye-balls, brisk gait, attachment to learning, minerals and trade, has plump cheeks, and roguery ; he is a com- mander of armies ; fond of sexual pleasure ; his mind is addicted to others’ wives ; he is fickle-minded, heroic, devoted to his mother and a lover of forests, mountains, rivers and fortresses.

Adh. LXIX. Sl. 21-24.] एकोनसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः 573 दीर्घोऽङ्गुलानां शतमष्टहीनं साशङ्कचेष्टः पररन्ध्रविच्च । सारोऽस्य मज्जा निभृतप्रचारः शशो ह्यतो नातिगुरुः प्रदिष्टः ॥२१॥ Sloka 21.—His height is 92 digits; he acts cautiously (or with apprehension), knows the weakness of others, has marrow as the dominant feature of his body, walks steadily and such a शश is not very corpulent (heavy ?). मध्ये कृशः खेटकखङ्गवीणापर्यङ्कमालामुरजानुरूपाः । शूलोपमाश्चोर्ध्वगताश्च रेखाः शशस्य पादोपगताः करे वा ॥२२॥ Sloka 22.—He has a slender waist and figures go- ing upwards of a shield, sword, lute, cot, garland, tabor and trident on the soles or palms. प्रात्यन्तिको माण्डलिकोऽथवाऽयं स्फिकुस्रावशूलाभिभवार्त्तमूर्त्तिः । एवं शशः सप्ततिहायनोऽयं वैवस्वतस्यालयमभ्युपैति ॥२३॥ Sloka 23.—This person of the शश class is the lord of foresters or a vassal; his body will be afflicted with colic or a fistula on the buttocks and will go to Yama’s abode at the age of 70 years. Cf. सारावली Adh. 37—34. 35, 36. रक्ते पीनकपोलमुन्नतनासं वक्त्रं सुवर्णोपमं वृत्तं चास्य शिरोऽक्षिणी मधुनिभे सर्वे च रक्ता नखाः । स्रग्दामाङ्कुशशङ्खमत्स्ययुगलक्रत्वङ्गकुम्भाम्बुजै- श्चिह्नैर्हंसकलस्वनः सुचरणो हंसः प्रसन्नेन्द्रियः ॥२४॥ Sloka 24.—A person belonging to the हंस (Hamsa) class has a face that is red, with plump cheeks, raised nose and a golden hue; his head is round; eyes are like honey; all nails red; has the marks of a garland, goad, conch, a pair of fish, sacrificial appurtenance, pot and