काश्यप संहिता (वृद्ध जीवकीय तन्त्र व विद्योतिनी हिन्दी टीका सहित)

उपोद्घातः | १२५

परिच्छेत्तुं शक्यते' इति इन्साइक्लोपीडिया ^१ब्रिटानिकायाम्प्युल्लेखेन एतावन्तोंऽशा इत्यपरिच्छेदेऽपि इरानवैद्यकस्येव भारतीयवैद्यकस्यापि कतिपयानां विषयाणां ग्रीसवैद्यकेप्र तिसंक्रमणं स्पष्टीभवति ।।

कस्मिन् कस्मिन् समये कस्मात् कस्माद्देशाद्भैषज्यविद्यासम्बन्धिनां केषां केषां विषयाणां ग्रीसे प्रतिसंक्रमणमुपजातमिति याथातथ्येन निरूपयितुं दुष्करत्वेऽपि भारताद् ग्रीसेतद्विषयालोकपाताय सम्भाव्यमानानि प्रमाणतो दृष्टानि द्वाराणि प्रदर्श्यन्ते—

हिपोक्रिटसात् पूर्वतनेन दार्शनिकेन हेराक्लिट^२सेन (Heracleitus) B. C. 504 वर्षे लिखिते पुस्तके बहुवारमुल्लिखितः पाथागोरसो (Pathagoras) नाम ग्रीसविद्वान् B. C. 582-470 समये ग्रीसे सञ्जात इति ज्ञायते । तस्य पाथागोरसस्य भारते उपगमनं, भारतादाध्यात्मिकान् दार्शनिकांश्च विषयान् विज्ञाय तेषां ग्रीसदेशे प्रचारणं च पोकाक (Pococke) स्त्रोडर (Schroeder) प्रभृतिभिः पाश्चात्त्यैर्बहुभिर्भारतीयैश्च विद्वद्भि^३रुल्लिखितं दृश्यते । भारतात्तेन भैषज्यविज्ञानमपि गृहीतमिति स्पष्टलेखस्य प्राचीनस्यानुपलम्भेऽपि ^४पाथागोरसस्य संस्था B. C. षष्ठशताब्द्यां स्थापिता इति; पाथागोरससम्प्रदायानुयायि-

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१. (a) Minoan origin (b) Mesopotamia, (c) Egypt, are the sources of Greek medicine. Persian and Indian sources contributed something to Greek medicine. As to the amount and the character of these contributions, we are not yet in a position to speak with definiteness. E. B. Vol. 15. p. 198. २. Hippocrates Vol. IV P. 452. ३. (a) Dr. Enfield says: ‘We find that in (India) was visited for the purpose of acquiring knowledge by Pythagoras, Anaxarches. Pyrrho and others who afterwards became eminent philosophers in Greece. Hindu Superiority P. 233, 234, 235; by H. B. Sarda. (b) Certain it is , that he (Pythagoras) visited India which I trust I shall make self-evident. India in Greece, Pococke P. 353. (c) The Greek philosopher (Pythagoras) owed his inspiration in India. V. Schroeder-Pythagoras and die Inder Pp. 44-59. (d) Discussing the question as to what constitutes human nature according to the Hindus, the Swedish Count says; ‘Pythagoras and Plato hold the same doctrine, that of Pythagoras, being probably derived from India, whither he travelled to complete his philosophical studies’. Theogony of the Hindoos-P. 77. (e) Schlegl says: ‘The doctrine of the transmigration of souls was indigenous to India and was brought into Greece by Pythagoras’. History of Literature P. 109. (f) Mr. Princep says: ‘The fact, however, that he (Pythagoras) derived his doctrines from an Indian source is very generally admitted. Under the name of Mythraic, the faith of Buddha had also a wide extension’ Indian Wisdom P. 68. (g) Whatever may be the truth in the case just mentioned, the dependence of Pythagoras on Indian philosophy and science certainly seems to have a high degree of probablity. Almost all the doctrines ascribed to him, religious, philosophical, mathematical were known in India in sixth century B. C. The coincidences are so numerous that their cumulative force becomes considerable. The doctrine of metempsychosis in the case of Pythagoras appears without any connection or explanatory background and was regarded by the Greeks as of foreign origin. He could not have derived it from Egypt, as it was not known to the ancient Egyptians. In spite however, of the later tradition, it seems impossible that Pythagoras should have made his way to India at so early a date, but he could quite well have met Indians in Persia, History of Hindu Chemistry Vol. I, P. 22-23 by Dr. P. C. Roy. ४. In Western Greece the Pythagorean brotherhood was founded in the latter part of the 6th century B. C. Hippocrates Vol. IV P. 452.