बृहत्संहिता (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - स्थापत्य, खगोल, मौसम व जल विज्ञान)

236 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXIV. Sl. 36. the lead, there will be much rain; if the animal be black and white, there will be medium rain, and if white, there will be no rain at all. A proportionate estimate of the quantity of rain is to be made with the animals of other colours. These views accord with those of Garga, तथा च गर्गः प्राक्प्रवेशे तु यूथस्य पुरतो वृषभो यदा। प्रवेशे कृष्णवर्णो वा पशुर्बहुजलप्रदः ॥ कृष्णा तु गौः सुभिक्षाय क्षेमारोग्याय चोच्यते । गौर्यामथ च नीलायां मध्याः सस्यस्य सम्पदः ॥ अनावृष्टिकरी श्वेता वाताय कपिला स्मृता । पाटला सस्यनाशाय रोगाय करटा स्मृता ॥ एकदेशाय शबला चित्रं चित्रा तु वर्षति । पाण्डुरा मध्यमाङ्गी वा ग्रीष्मधान्यविवर्द्धनी ॥ कपिला पश्चिमं वर्षं शोणा स्वग्रे प्रवर्षति ॥ But Parasara adds : If an elephant, a horse or a chariot should enter the town first in the evening of the Rohini-Yoga-day, there will be success in war; if a monkey, an ass, a camel, a mongoose, a cat or a dog should so enter, there will be troubles. If a blind man should enter first, there will be fear from thunderbolts. तथा च पराशरः । अथास्तमयवेळायां पुरद्वारमभिगम्य निमित्तान्युप- लक्षयेत् । तत्र योगजम्बरथप्रथमप्रवेशे पुरविजयो वानरखरोष्ट्रनकुलमार्जारप्रवेशे त्वशनिभयमिति ॥ दृश्यते न यदि रोहिणीयुतश्चन्द्रमा नभसि तोयदावृते । रुग्भयं महदुपस्थितं तदा भूश्च भूरिजलसस्यसंयुता ॥३६॥ Sloka 36.—If the Moon when in conjunction with Rohini is not visible owing to the sky being overcast great danger from sickness is imminent, but the earth will be provided with plenty of water and grain. Thus ends the 24th Adhyaya " on the Moon's Conjunc on with Rohini ".

Adh. XXV. Sl. 1-3] पञ्चविंशोऽध्यायः 237 स्वातियोगाध्यायः ॥२५॥ The Moon’s Conjunction with Swati. Swati yoga means the period of a day when the Moon passes through the star Swati in the month of Ashadha. यद्रोहिणीयोगफलं तदेव स्वातावषाढासहिते च चन्द्रे । आषाढशुक्ले निखिलं विचिन्त्यं योऽस्मिन् विशेषस्तमहं प्रवक्ष्ये ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—The same effects as for the Moon's con- junction with Rohini apply to her conjunction with Swati and Ashadha. But the observations have to be made in the bright half of the month of Ashadha. I am now going to explain the special features of this latter conjunction. तथा च पराशरः । सर्व एते योगा मास्याषाढे भवन्ति तान्दैवज्ञः प्रयत: शुचिरवधारयेत् स्वातिसंयुते चन्द्रमसि घनस्निग्धस्तनितविद्युन्मालेरम्भोदैर्नभसो ऽच्छादनं सुभिक्षक्षेमाय तद्धूस्रर्ववातप्रादुर्भाव इति । उल्कानिर्घातकम्पोपघातैश्च विपर्ययः॥ स्वातौ निशांशे प्रथमेऽभिवृष्टे सस्यानि सर्वाण्युपयान्ति वृद्धिम् । भागे द्वितीये तिलमुद्गमाषा ग्रैष्मं तृतीयेऽस्ति न शारदानि ॥२॥ वृष्टेऽह्निभागे प्रथमे सुवृष्टिस्तद्वद्द्वितीये तु सकीटसर्पा । वृष्टिस्तु मध्यादपरभागवृष्टे निशिच्छिद्रवृष्टिर्द्युनिशं प्रवृष्टे ॥३॥ Slokas 2–3.—If it rains in the first four-hour period of the night during the Moon's stay in Swati, all field- products will thrive ; the second part, sesamum, green gram and black gram will thrive, and in the third, summer crop alone will flourish and not the autumnal. If it rains in the first part of the day, there will be excellent rain during the year. In the second, the effect will be the same coupled with insects and snakes; and

238 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXV. Sl. 4-5. in the third part, the rain will be moderate. If there rain both day and night, there will be very good rain. तथा च गर्गः । स्वातियोगे यदा युक्ते पूर्वरात्रे प्रवर्षति । ग्रीष्मशारदसम्पन्नां तां समामभिनिर्दिशेत् ॥ रात्रेर्द्वितीयभागमाश्रित्य स्वातियोगेऽभिवर्षति । सम्पदो मुद्गमाषाणां तिलानां चावधारयेत् ॥ त्रिभागशेषे शर्वर्याः स्वातियोगेऽभिवर्षति । ग्रैष्मं सम्पद्यते सस्यं शारदं तु विनश्यति ॥ अह्रस्तु प्रथमे भागे वर्षाक्षेमसुवृष्टये । द्वितीये शोभना वृष्टिर्बहुसस्यसरीसृपाः ॥ अह्नस्तृतीयभागे तु मध्यमां कुरुते समाम् । अहोरात्रं यदा वर्ष स्वातियोगे पुरन्दरः ॥ तदा तु चतुरो मासान् सर्वान्वर्षति वासवः ॥ इति- सममुत्तरेण तारा चित्रायाः कीर्त्यते ह्यपांवत्सः । तस्यासन्ने चन्द्रे स्वातेर्योगः शिवो भवति ॥४॥ Sloka 4.—There is a star due north of Chittra called अपांवत्स —Apam Vatsa—" little one of water ". The conjunction with Swati taking place when the Moon is near the above star proves beneficial. सप्तम्यां स्वातियोगे यदि पतति हिमं माघमासान्धकारे वायुर्वा चण्डवेगः सजलजलधरो वापि गर्जत्यजस्रम् । विद्युन्मालाकुलं वा यदि भवति नभो नष्टचन्द्रार्कतारं विज्ञेया प्रावृडेषा मुदितजनपदा सर्वसस्यैरुपैता ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—If during the Moon's conjunction with Swati there is snow-fall on the 7th day of the dark half in the month of Magha, or if the wind is head-long, or the clouds thunder frequently, or if the heavens where- from the Sun, the Moon and the stars have disappeared, are filled with wreaths of lightning, one may be sure that

Adh. XXV. 6., XXVI. 1.] षड्विंशोऽध्यायः 239 the rainy season will be rich in all sorts of crops, glad- dening mankind. तथैव फाल्गुने चैत्रे वैशाखस्यासितेऽपि वा। स्वातियोगं विजानीयादाषाढे च विशेषतः ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—In the same manner, one should consider the Moon's conjunction with Swati when occurring in the month of Phalguna, Chaitra or the dark half of Vaisakha and particularly in the month of Ashadha. The commentator Bhattotpala is of opinion that this Sloka is spurious (not belonging to the text). Thus ends the 25th Adhyaya on "the course of the Moon's Conjunction with Swati." आषाढीयोगाध्यायः ॥२६॥ The Moon's Conjunction with Ashadha. Ashadhee Yoga means the period of a day when the Moon passes through the asterism of Uttarashadha in the lunar month of Ashadha. आषाढ्यां समतुलिताधिवासितानामन्येद्युर्यदधिकतामुपैति बीजम् । तद्वृद्धिर्भवति न जायते यदूनं मन्त्रोऽस्मिन् भवति तुलाभिमन्त्रणाय ॥ Sloka 1.—At the time of the full Moon in Ashadha, take equal weights of several kinds of seeds and keep them for a night being sanctified with the Mahavrata hymn. Such seeds as increase in weight will flourish and such as have diminished will not thrive. The hymn in praise of the balance that is used for the purpose of weighing is the following: तथा च गर्गः । वायव्यवैश्वदेवाभ्यां प्राजापत्यस्य चैव हि । एषामप्यधिकं चापि रोहिणी नाम याप्यते ॥

240 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVI. Sl. 2-6. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् तुलिताधिवासितानामन्येद्युर्यदधिकं भवति बीजम् । आषाढपौर्णमास्यां तद्वृद्धिस्तत्रमन्त्रोऽयम् ॥ स्तोतव्या मन्त्रयोगेन सत्या देवी सरस्वती । दर्शयिष्यसि यत्सत्यं सत्ये सत्यव्रता ह्यसि ॥२॥ येन सत्येन चन्द्राकौँ ग्रहा ज्योतिर्गणास्तथा । उत्तिष्ठन्तीह पूर्वेण पश्चादस्तं व्रजन्ति च ॥३॥ यत्सत्यं सर्ववेदेषु यत्सत्यं ब्रह्मवादिषु । यत्सत्यं त्रिषु लोकेषु तत्सत्यमिह दृश्यताम् ॥४॥ ब्रह्मणो दुहितासि त्वमादित्येति प्रकीर्तिता । काश्यपी गोत्रतश्चैव नामतो विश्रुता तुला ॥५॥ Slokas 2-5—The balance should be invoked through the following hymns: "As the Goddess of speech is verily Truth, you will show yourself situated in truth, being of the Vow of Truth. May that Truth appear here, the Truth by which the Sun and the Moon the planets and the hosts of stars rise in the east and set in the west, the Truth which exists in all the Vedas, in the vedic scholars and in all the three worlds You are the daughter of Brahman, well-known by the name of Aditya, by the family of Kasyapa and by the popular name of Balance. क्षौमं चतुःसूत्रकसन्निबद्धं षडङ्गुलं शिक्यकवस्त्रमस्याः । सूत्रप्रमाणं च दशाङ्गुलानि षडेव कक्ष्योभयशिक्यमध्ये ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—The scale-pans should be of silken cloth six inches long and wide fastened with four strings 10 inches long, and the cord by which the balance is held between the two scales is 6 inches in length.

Adh. XXVI. Sl. 7-10.] षड्विंशोऽध्यायः 241 याम्ये शिक्ये काञ्चनं संनिवेश्यं शेषद्रव्याण्युत्तरेऽम्बूनि चैव । तोयैः कौप्यैः सैन्धवैः सारसैश्च वृष्टिर्हीना मध्यमा चोत्तमा च ॥७॥ दन्तैर्नागा गोहयाद्याश्च लोम्ना हेम्ना भूपाः सिक्थकेन द्विजाद्याः । तद्देशा वर्षमासा दिशश्च शेषद्रव्याण्यात्मरूपस्थितानि ॥८॥ Slokas 7-8.—Gold should be placed in the right hand pan while all other articles as well as water in the left hand one for purposes of weighing. Weigh severally the waters of wells, rivers and lakes. The rain will be meagre, moderate and copious according as well, river and lake water proves the heaviest. The value of elephants is determined by the amount of ivory they have; of cows, horses and the like, by their hair; of kings, by the amount of gold in their treasuries; of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, etc., as well as of countries, years, months and quarters, by beeswax; and of other sub- stances, by their actual weight. हैमी प्रधाना रजतेन मध्या तयोरलाभे खदिरेण कार्या । विद्धः पुमान् येन शरेण सा वा तुला प्रमाणेन भवेदितस्तिः ॥९॥ Sloka 9.—A golden balance is the best; one of silver is middling. In the absence of the above two, it shall be made of खदिर Khadira (Acacia catechu) wood, or it shall be made of a shaft by which a man is wounded. The length of the balance should be twelve inches. An inch is the space covered over by 8 grains of barley placed side by side—or that of three grains of barley placed lengthwise. It is also the breadth of the human finger. हनिस्य नाशोऽभ्यधिकस्य वृद्धितुल्येन तुल्यं तुलितं तुलायाम् । एतत्तुलाकोशरहस्यमुक्तं प्राज्ञेश्रयोगेऽपि नरो विदध्यात् ॥१०॥ वृ. सं. 31

242 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVI. Sl. 11-12. Sloka 10.—Such substances as, again being weighed prove to have diminished in weight, will be lost; such as have increased will thrive; such as continue in the same condition will be indifferent. This is called the secret of weighing treasures with the balance. This applies equally to the Moon's conjunction with Rohini also. तथा च गर्गः येषां प्रणमते सारं ते भवन्ति च नासमम् । येषां तु हीयते सारं तेषां नाशं विनिर्दिशेत् ॥ समानि तु समानि स्युस्तुलया तुलितानि तु ॥ तथा च पराशरः सारसेऽम्भसि सस्यानां राज्ञां च विजयोऽधिके । नादेये मध्यमा सम्पदकनीयस्य चलोदके ॥ यस्यां दिशि भवेन्माल्यमम्लानं शुचिगन्धिमत् । तस्यां दिशि विजानीयाद्राज्ञां शिवमनामयम् ॥ इति- स्वातावषाढास्वथ रोहिणीषु पापग्रहा योगगता न शस्ताः । ग्राह्यं तु योगद्वयमप्युपोष्य यदाधिमासो द्विगुणीकरोति ॥११॥ Sloka 11.—Evil planets standing in Swati, Uttara- shadha or Rohini during the Moon's conjunction cause misery in the land. In the case of an intercalary Asha- dha month occurring, one should observe both the lunar conjunctions with devotional fasting. तथा च गर्गः योगैः पापैरुपहतैः प्रजानामशुभं वदेत् । दुर्भिक्षावृष्टिमरकान् सौम्यैः सौभिक्षमादिशेत् ॥ तथा च पराशरः- शुक्रबुधबृहस्पतिसंयोगे शूकधान्यतिलमुद्गविनाशः । सौरस्य मध्यदेशाभावो भौमस्य शस्त्रकोपः । केतोर्भयदुर्भिक्षप्रादुर्भावावग्रहः । रोहिणीमध्यगमनमिन्दोः सुभिक्षक्षेमवृष्टिकरणम् ॥ त्रयोऽपि योगाः सदृशाः फलेन यदा तदा वाच्यमसंशयेन । विपर्यये यत्त्विह रोहिणीजं फलं तदेवाभ्यधिकं निगद्यम् ॥ १२॥

Adh. XXVI. Sl. 13-15.] षड्विंशोऽध्यायः 243 Sloka 12.—When the results of the Moon's con- junctions with Rohini, Swati and Ashada are the same, the prediction—good or bad—is to be made unhesita- tingly. If they be different, the effects of Rohini alone will prevail. निष्पत्तिरग्निकोपो वृष्टिर्मन्दाथ मध्यमा श्रेष्ठा । बहुजलपवना पुष्टा शुभा च पूर्वादिभिः पवनैः ॥१३॥ Sloka 13.—According as the wind blows from the east, south-east, south, etc., during the Moon's conjunc- tion with Ashadha, the consequences are in their order as follows : good harvest, raging of fire, little, middling, very good rain, copious rain accompanied by winds, abundant and beneficial rain. वृत्तायामाषाढ्यां कृष्णचतुर्थ्यामजैकपादर्थे । यदि वर्षति पर्जन्यः प्रावृट् शस्ता न चेन्न ततः ॥१४॥ Sloka 14—If, after the full Moon in the month of Ashadha, the rain God pours down rain on the 4th day of the dark half at the asterism of Purvashadha, the rainy season will prove beneficial ; otherwise, not. आषाढ्यां पौर्णमास्यां तु यद्यैशानोऽनिलो भवेत् । अस्तं गच्छति तीक्ष्णांशौ सस्यसंपत्तिरुत्तमा ॥१५॥ Sloka 15.—If there is a north-easterly wind on the full-moon day of Ashadha at sunset, there will be an excellent growth of crops. Thus ends the 26th Adhyaya on " the Moon's Conjunction with Ashadha."

244 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVII. Sl. 1-2- वातचक्रम् ॥२७॥ The Wind Circle. It is said that this chapter is not by Varahamihira but is an insertion. पूर्वे पूर्वसमुद्रवीचिशिखरप्रस्फालनाघूर्णित- श्चन्द्राकांशुसटाकलापकलितो वायुर्यदाकाशतः । नैकान्तस्थितनीलमेघपटला शारद्यसंवर्धिता वासन्तोत्कटसस्यमण्डिततला सर्वा मही शोभते ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—If on the day of the full-moon in Ashadha an easterly wind blows from heaven, being tossed by the stroke of the tops of the billows of the eastern ocean and mingled with the mass of the mane-like rays of the Sun and the Moon, the whole earth will shine being enriched by the splendid vernal and autumnal crops and being covered overhead with groups of dark clouds every-where. यदाग्नेयो वायुर्मलयशिखरास्फालनपटुः प्लवत्यस्मिन् योगे भगवति पतङ्गे प्रवसति । तदा नित्योद्दीप्ता ज्वलनशिखरालिङ्गिततला स्वगात्रोष्मोच्छ्वासैर्वमति वसुधा भस्मनिकरम् ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—When the wind blows with such force as if to break off the peaks of the Malaya Mountain from the south-eastern part of the sky at sunset on the same full-moon day, the earth, blazing continuously with the flames of fire embracing (spreading on) its surface, will emit heaps of ashes along with the hot breath emanating from its own body. यदा वह्नौ वायुर्वहति गगने खण्डिततनुः is another reading. तालीपत्रलतावितानतरुभिः शाखामृगाभर्त्सयन् योगेऽस्मिन् प्लवति ध्वनिः सपरुषो वायुर्यदा दक्षिणः ।

Adh. XXVII. Sl. 3-5] सप्तविंशोऽध्यायः 245

• तद्द्योगसमुत्थितस्तु गजवत्तालाङ्कुशैर्घट्टिताः कीनाशा इव मन्दवारिकणिका मुञ्चन्ति मेघास्तदा ॥३॥ Sloka 3.—When at the above conjunction a very rough and howling south-wind blows, making the mon- keys dance through the leaves of palm-trees, bowers of creepers and trees, the clouds rising like the elephants which are struck and pricked by the goad shed a few drops of water like miserly persons. In the 3rd पाद, सर्वोद्योगसमुन्नताश्च is another reading. सूक्ष्मैलालवलीलवङ्गनिचयान् व्याघूर्णयन् सागरे भानोरस्तमये प्लवत्यविरतो वायुर्यदा नैर्ऋतः । क्षुत्तृष्णावृतमानुषास्थिशकलप्रस्तारभारच्छदा मत्ता प्रेतवधूरिवोग्रचपला भूमिस्तदा लक्ष्यते ॥४॥ Sloka 4.—If at sunset on the same day a south- west wind blows unceasingly tossing up and down in the sea heaps of small cardamoms, averrhoas and cloves, then the earth shrouded by a heavy load of scattered broken bones of men who have perished by hunger and thirst, appears wild and restless like a young lady just losing her husband. यदा रेणूत्पातैः प्रविचलसटाटोपचपलः प्रवातः पश्चाच्चेद्दिनकरकरापातसमये । तदा सस्योपेता प्रवरनिकराबद्धसमरा क्षितिः स्थानस्थानेष्वविरतवसामांसरुधिरा ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—If, at the time of the disappearance of the Sun's rays, there is a strong gale from the west, raising dust with its beating wings, the earth will be endowed with rich crops and have the leading monarchs

246 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVII. Sl. 6-8. engaged in war and consequently will be filled with huge masses of marrow, flesh and blood. आषाढीपर्वकाले यदि किरणपतेरस्तकालोपपत्तौ वायव्यो वृद्धवेगः पवनघनवपुः पन्नगार्द्धानुकारी । जानीयाद्वारिधाराप्रमुदितमुदिता मुक्तमण्डूककण्ठां सस्योल्लासैकचिह्नां सुखबहुलतया भाग्यसेनामिवोर्वीम् ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—At the approach of sunset on the full- moon day of Ashadha, if the north-easterly wind be very strong, have a dense appearance and resemble broken bodies of serpents (or Garuda), then it should be known that the earth will possess the fulness of blessings, on account of great happiness, caused by the all-round- growth of splendid crops and torrents of rain, wherein the frogs rejoice and croak continuously. मेरुग्रस्तमरीचिमण्डलतले ग्रीष्मावसाने रवौ वात्यामोदिकदम्बगन्धसुरभिर्वायुर्यदा चोत्तरः । विद्युद्भ्रान्तिसमस्तकान्तिकलनामत्तास्तदा तोयदा उन्मत्ता इव नष्टचन्द्रकिरणां गां पूरयन्त्यम्बुभिः ॥७॥ Sloka 7.—If, at the end of the Grishma Season (i, e. full-moon of Ashadha) when the mass of the Sun's rays is screened by Mount Meru, a northerly breeze blows, disseminating the fragrance of the sweet-scented Kadamba flowers, the clouds will inundate the earth with water, as though mad (crying madly as it were), and intoxicated by the sight of splendid illumination caused by the flashes of lightning and destroying the rays of the Moon on the earth. नष्टचन्द्रार्ककिरणं नष्टतारं न खेचरम् । न तां मद्रपदां मन्ये यत्र देवो न वर्षति ॥८॥

XXVII. 9, XXVIII. 1] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 247 Sloka 8.—If the sky be without the rays of the Sun, the Moon and the stars, and if there be no rain, then, I think it cannot be called Bhadrapada. The sloka is spurious, says the Commentator. ऐशानो यदि शीतलोऽमरगणैः संसेव्यमानो भवेत् पुन्नागागरुपारिजातसुरभिर्वायुः प्रचण्डध्वनिः । आपूर्णोदकयौवना वसुमती सम्पन्नसस्याकुला धर्मिष्ठाः प्रणतारयो नृपतयो रक्षन्ति वर्णांस्तदा ॥९॥ Sloka 9.—If the north-easterly breeze be cool, scented by the flowers of Punnaga, Agaru and Parijata, be sonorous and be enjoyed by groups of Gods, the earth restored to youthful vigour will be full of water and crops, and kings will curb their enemies, will protect all class of people and with the utmost justice. Thus ends the 27th Adhyaya on the Wind Circle. सद्योवर्षाध्यायः ॥२८॥ Signs of Immediate Rain. वर्षाप्रश्ने सलिलनिलयं राशिमाश्रित्य चन्द्रो लग्नं यातो भवति यदि वा केन्द्रगः शुक्लपक्षे । सौम्यैर्दृष्टः प्रचुरमुदकं पापदृष्टोऽल्पमम्भः प्रावृट्काले सृजति न चिराच्चन्द्रवद्गार्गवोऽपि ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—If, at a query regarding rain, the Moon be posited in the Lagna which is a watery sign (Kataka, Makara, Kumbha or Meena) or in the 4th, 7th or 10th house in the bright fortnight, there will be plentiful rain ere long in the monsoon, provided she is aspected by benefics. If she be aspected by malefics in the

248 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 2-3. above Yogas, there will be very little rain. In predict- ing rain, Venus should be treated on a par with the Moon during the rainy season. The commentator asks the question :—When the Lagna is a Kendra already, what is the meaning of केन्द्रगः ? Does it mean a Kendra other than the Lagna ? Yes, it does. The idea of the author is this : There will be rain, etc., in the dark half when the Moon is in Lagna Kendra alone and not elsewhere, while in the other half, even in another Kendra, it is all right. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् वर्षाप्रश्ने प्रावृषि जलराशौ कण्टके शशी बलवान् । भृगुजो वा शुभदृष्टो बहुजलकृत् स्वल्पदः पापैः ॥ आर्द्रं द्रव्यं स्पृशति यदि वा वारि तत्सञ्ज्ञकं वा तोयासन्नो भवति यदि वा तोयकार्योन्मुखो वा । प्रष्टा वाच्यः सलिलमचिरादस्ति निःसंशयेन पृच्छाकाले सलिलमिति वा श्रूयते यत्र शब्दः ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—If the querist touches any wet object or water or any other liquid (pearls, etc.), or stands near water, or is about to do something connected with water or liquid, or, at the time, the word 'water' be heard in the place, then he should be told that there is rain ere long without any doubt. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् आर्द्रद्रव्यं सलिलं जलसञ्ज्ञश्रवणदर्शनान्यथवा । उदयशिखरिसंस्थो दुर्निरीक्ष्योऽतिदीप्त्या द्रुतकनकनिकाशः स्निग्धवैडूर्यकान्तिः । तदहनि कुरुतेऽम्भस्तोयकाले विवस्वान् प्रतपति यदि चोच्चैः खं गतोऽतीव तीक्ष्णम् ॥३॥ Sloka 3.—If, during the rainy season, the Sun at rising cannot be looked at on account of his dazzling

Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 4-6.] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 249 brilliance and appear like molten gold, or possess the pure lustre of beryl, or if he burns with intense heat at the zenith of the sky, there will be rain on the very same day. विरसमुदकं गोनेत्राभं वियद्विमला दिशो लवणविकृतिः काकाण्डाभं यदा च भवेन्नभः। पवनविगमः पोप्लूयन्ते झषाः स्थलगामिनो रसनमसकृन्मण्डूकानां जलागमहेतवः ॥४॥ Sloka 4.—The following are the symptoms of rain — tasteless water, the sky of the colour of cow’s eyes or crow’s eggs, uncontaminated directions, moisture of salt, calm wind, much tumbling of fishes ashore and the repeated croakings of frogs. मार्जारा भृशमवनिं नखैर्लिखन्तो लोहानां मलनिचयः सविस्रगन्धः। रथ्यायां शिशुरचिताश्च सेतुबन्धाः सम्प्राप्तं जलमचिराभ्निवेदयन्ति ॥५॥ Sloka 5.—Cats scratching the earth very much with their nails, accumulation of rust on iron or bronze vessels with a musty smell and construction of bridges on the high roads by children indicate immediate rain. In the 3rd पाद, शिशुनिचिताश्च is another reading. गिरयोऽञ्जनचूर्णसन्निभा यदि वा बाष्पनिरुद्धकन्दराः। कृकवाकुविलोचनोपमाः परिवेषाः शशिनश्च वृष्टिदाः ॥६॥ Sloka 6.—Mountains resembling heaps of collyrium or their caves wrapt in vapour and haloes of the colour of cock’s eyes round the Moon, are indications of rain. बृ. सं. 32

250 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 7-11. विनोपघातेन पिपीलिकानामण्डोपसङ्क्रान्तिरहिन्वयवायः । द्रुमावरोहश्च भुजङ्गमानां वृष्टेर्निमित्तानि गवां प्लुतं च ॥७॥ Sloka 7.—Ants shifting their eggs without any trouble, snakes mating and climbing down the trees and cows' stampede, are signs of rain. तरुशिखरोपगताः कृकलासा गगनतलस्थितदृष्टिनिपाताः । यदि च गवां रविवीक्षणमूर्ध्वं निपतति वारि तदा नचिरेण ॥८॥ Sloka 8.—If the chameleons perched on the tops of trees fix their gaze on the firmament, and cows look up towards the Sun, there will be rain without much delay. नेच्छन्ति विनिर्गमं गृहाद्धुन्वन्ति श्रवणान् खुरानपि । पशवः पशुवच्च कुक्कुरा यद्यम्भः पततीति निर्दिशेत् ॥९॥ Sloka 9.—If the domestic animals such as cows are reluctant to go out of the house and shake their ears and hoofs, or, if the dogs behave in the same manner, it should be declared that there will be rainfall soon. यदा स्थिता गृहपटलेषु कुक्कुरा रुदन्ति वा यदि विततं वियन्मुखाः । दिवा तडिद्यदि च पिनाकिदिग्भवा तदा क्षमा भवति समैव वारिणा ॥ Sloka 10.—When dogs stand on the roofs of houses, or bark continuously looking up towards the heavens, or when lightning is seen flashing from the north-east at day-time, then the earth will be completely filled with water. शुककपोतविलोचनसन्निभो मधुनिभश्च यदा हिमदीधितिः । प्रतिशशी च यदा दिवि राजते पतति वारि तदा नचिरेण च ॥११॥

Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 12-14] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 251 Sloka 11.—When the Moon has the red hue of the eyes of a parrot or pigeon or of honey, and when a second Moon shines in the sky, there will be immediate rain. स्तनितं निशि विद्युतो दिवा रुधिरनिभा यदि दण्डवत्स्थिताः । पवनः पुरतश्च शीतलो यदि सलिलस्य तदाऽऽगमो भवेत् ॥१२॥ Sloka 12.—If there be peals of thunder at night and blood-red lines of lightning, standing erect like rods at day time, and if there be a cool breeze blowing from the east, there would be immediate rain. वल्लीनां गगनतलोन्मुखाः प्रवालाः स्नायन्ते यदि जलपांसुभिर्विहङ्गाः । सेवन्ते यदि च सरीसृपास्तृणाग्रा- ण्यासन्नो भवति तदा जलस्य पातः ॥१३॥ Sloka 13.—If the sprouts of creepers are turned up towards the sky, birds bathe in water or dust, and creeping worms betake themselves to the tips of grass, there will be an immediate fall of rain. मयूरशुकचाषचातकसमानवर्णा यदा जपाकुसुमपङ्कजद्युतिमुषश्च सन्ध्याघनाः । जलोर्मिनगनक्रकच्छपवराहमीनोपमाः प्रभूतपुटसञ्चया न तु चिरेण यच्छन्त्यपः ॥१४॥ Sloka 14.—At dawn or twilight, if the clouds show the same colour as pea-cocks, parrots, blue-jays or Chataka birds, or have the lustre of roses, and red lotuses and resemble in shape waves, hills, crocodiles, tortoises or fishes and are piled up with many folds, they will pour down rain before long.

252 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 15-18. पर्यन्तेषु सुधाशशाङ्कधवला मध्येऽञ्जनालित्विषः स्निग्धा नैकपुटाः क्षरज्जलकणाः सोपानविच्छेदिनः । माहेन्द्रीप्रभवाः प्रयान्त्यपरतः प्राग्वाम्बुपाशोद्भवा ये ते वारिमुचस्त्यजन्ति नचिरादम्भः प्रभूतं भुवि ॥१५ Sloka 15.—If the clouds are as white as chunam or the Moon at the edges, as dark as collyrium or bees at the centre, glossy, have many folds, (i.e., appear piled up) dropping particles of water, and breaks like the steps of a stair-case, and being formed in the east sail westward or vice versa, they yield plenty of rain to the earth before long. शक्रचापपरिघप्रतिसूर्या रोहितोऽथ तडितः परिवेषः । उद्गमास्तसमये यदि भानोरादिशेत्प्रचुरमम्बु तदाशु ॥१६॥ Sloka 16.—If at sunrise or sunset there is a rain- bow, a cross bar of clouds, a mock Sun, a straight frag- mentary rainbow, flashes of lightning, and halos round the Sun and the Moon, it should be predicted that there will be plentiful rain in the near future. For the definition of रोहित vide Adhyaya XLVI-20 infra. यदि तित्तिरपत्रनिभं गगनं मुदिताः प्रवदन्ति च पक्षिगणाः । उदयास्तमये सवितुर्द्युनिशं विसृजन्ति घना नचिरेण जलम् ॥१७॥ Sloka 17.—If the sky bears the tinge of the wings of the Tittira bird, and groups of birds twitter merrily at sunrise and sunset, then the clouds will pour down rain soon by day and night respectively. This verse is spurious, says the commentator. यद्यमोघकिरणाः सहस्रगोरस्तभूधरकरा इवोच्छ्रिताः । भूसमं च रसते यदाम्बुदस्तन्महद्भवति वृष्टिलक्षणम् ॥१८॥

Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 19.] अष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः 253 Sloka 18.—If the Sun-beams called अमोघ-unerring- are stretched upwards like the out-stretched arms of the "setting Mountain" and if the clouds thunder close to the earth, they are to be understood to be important signs of rain. For अमोघ vide Adhyaya XXX-11 infra. तथा च समाससंहितायाम् पृच्छाकाले शान्ता वारुणदिक्स्था विहङ्गो वा । दर्पणलोहकलङ्कोलवणक्लेदोऽतितीक्ष्णकिरणोऽर्कः ॥ पोप्लूयन्ते मत्स्या दिश्यैशान्यं तडिच्च दिवा । उत्कर्णपुच्छवदना गावस्तापोऽम्भसां पवननाशः ॥ अञ्जनपुञ्जश्यामा गिरयो बाष्पावृता यदि वा । यदि जलपांसुस्नानं विहगानां मैथुनं द्विजिह्वानाम् ॥ वृक्षारोहणमथवा पिपीलिकाण्डोपसङ्क्रान्तिः । कृकवाकुशुककपोतकलविङ्कविलोचनोऽर्केन्द्रोः ॥ स्निग्धः परिवेषो वा वियदमलं बालकनिमित्तम् । मधुसदृशः शीतांशूः प्रतिचन्द्रः शीतमारुतः पूर्वः ॥ ऊर्ध्वाङ्कुराश्च वह्नयस्सद्योवर्षाय कीर्त्यन्ते । स्निग्धाः समसितरेखा यथाभ्रवृन्दानि कल्पितान्येव ॥ यच्छन्त्यपो मयूखा यदि चेन्दोर्वा रवेर्दीप्ताः ॥ तथा च पराशरः बलवत्सु महद्वर्षमल्पेष्वल्पाम्बुशीकरम् । मध्येषु मध्यमं ब्रूयान्निमित्तेषु निमित्तवत् ॥ उल्कानिर्घातभूकम्पपांसुवर्षाणि केतवः । अपसव्या ग्रहाश्चैव नित्यं वर्षासु वर्षदाः ॥ इति- प्रावृषि शीतकरो भृगुपुत्रात्सप्तमराशिगतः शुभदृष्टः । सूर्यसुतान्नवपञ्चमगो वा सप्तमगश्च जलाऽऽगमनाय ॥१९॥ Sloka 19.—If in the monsoon the Moon being placed in the 7th house from Venus or in the 5th, 7th, or 9th house from Saturn, is aspected by benefics, there will be rain soon.

254 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XXVIII. Sl. 20-24-

प्रायो ग्रहाणामुदयास्तकाले समागमे मण्डलसङ्क्रमे च । पक्षक्षये तीक्ष्णकरायनान्ते वृष्टिर्गतेऽर्के नियमेन चार्द्राम् ॥२०॥ Sloka 20.—Generally there will be rain during the planets' heliacal rising and setting, at the conjunction of the non-luminaries with the Moon, at their entering any of the six Mandalas*, at the end of a fortnight and a solstice, and certainly when the Sun is passing through the asterism 'Ardra'

*Vide Adhyaya IX—10-21—supra.

समागमे पतति जलं ज्ञशुक्रयोर्ज्ञजीवयोर्गुरुसितयोश्च सङ्गमे । यमारयोः पवनहुताशजं भयं ह्यदृष्टयोरसहितयोश्च सद्ग्रहैः ॥२१॥ Sloka 21.—There will be rain at the conjunction of Mercury and Venus, of Mercury and Jupiter and of Jupiter and Venus. But at the conjunction of Mars and Saturn, there will arise peril from wind and fire, provided they are neither conjoined with nor aspected by any of the benefics.

अग्रतः पृष्ठतो वापि ग्रहाः सूर्यावलम्बिनः । यदा तदा प्रकुर्वन्ति महीमेकार्णवामिव ॥२२॥ Sloka 22.—When the planets are about to be eclipsed by the Sun in front or behind (slower planets in front and faster ones behind), they convert the earth into an ocean as it were.

प्रविशति यदि खद्योतो जलदसमीपेषु रजनीषु । केदारपूरमधिकं वर्षति देवस्तदा नचिरात् ॥२३॥ वर्षत्यपि रटति यदा गोमायुश्च प्रदोषवेलायाम् । सप्ताहं दुर्द्दिनमपि तदा पयो नात्र सन्देहः ॥२४॥ Slokas 23-24.—If there be glow-worms at night near the clouds, before long there will be rain filling all

Adh. XXIX. Sl. 1-2.] एकोनत्रिंशोऽध्यायः 255 the fields. In spite of rain-fall, if jackals howl in the evening, there will not be a drop of water, though the sky be overcast for seven days at a stretch. This need not be doubted. These two verses appear to be spurious as they are not recog- nised by the commentator. Thus ends the 28th Adhyaya on “Immediate Rain”. कुसुमलताध्यायः ॥२९॥ Prognostics from Flowers and Creepers. फलकुसुमसमप्रवृद्धिं वनस्पतीनां विलोक्य विज्ञेयम् । सुलभत्वं द्रव्याणां निष्पत्तिश्चापि सस्यानाम् ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—By observing the abundance of flowers and fruits of trees, the availability of all things in large quantities at cheap rates should be ascertained; so also the thriving of crops. शालेन कलमशाली रक्ताशोकेन रक्तशालिश्च । पाण्डुकः क्षीरिकया नीलाशोकेन सूकरकः ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—From the (luxuriance of the flowers and fruits of the) Sala tree, the prospects of Kalama rice are to be determined; from the red Asoka, red rice; from the Ksheerika, yellowish rice; and from the bluish Asoka, hog’s rice. The Sala tree is known in Tamil as ஆச்சாமரம் or மராமரம். It is probably the Diospyros Ebenaster furnishing timber. Kalama. A variety of white rice; it is sown in May and June and ripens in December or January. வெள்ளைச்சம்பா. Ksheerika. The Fig tree-அத்திமரம். Asoka. It is a tree of moderate size belonging to the leguminous class with magnificent red flowers-அசோகமரம். Sukaraka. A species of rice-கருப்புநெல்.