बृहत्संहिता (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - स्थापत्य, खगोल, मौसम व जल विज्ञान)

Adh. LIII. Sl. 86-88.] त्रिपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 447 ginning with the south in order ; while, in the directions begining with the north, they are favourable. तथा च गर्गः वर्जयेत्पूर्वतोऽश्वत्थं प्लक्षं दक्षिणतस्तथा । न्यग्रोधं पश्चिमे भागे उत्तरे चाप्युदुम्बरम् ॥ अश्वत्थे तु भयं ब्रूयात् प्लक्षे ब्रूयात्पराभवम् । न्यग्रोधे राजतः पीडा नेत्रामयमुदुम्बरे ॥ वटः पुरस्ताद्वन्ध्यः स्याद्दक्षिणे चाप्युदुम्बरः । अश्वत्थः पश्चिमे भागे प्लक्षस्तूत्तरतो भवेत् ॥ आसन्नाः कण्टकिनो रिपुभयदाः क्षीरिणोऽर्थनाशाय । फलिनः प्रजाक्षयकरा दारूण्यपि वर्जयेदेषाम् ॥८६॥ छिन्द्याद्यदि न तरूंस्तान् तदन्तरे पूजितान् वपेदन्यान् । पुन्नागाशोकारिष्टबकुलपनसान् शमीशालौ ॥८७॥ Slokas 86-87.—Thorny trees near the houses cause threat of enemies ; milky ones lead to the destruction of wealth ; those laden with fruits, to the loss of children ; even the timber of these trees should be avoided in the construction of houses. If such trees are not cut down, worshippable ones such as Punnaga, Asoka, Arishta, Bakula, Jack, Samee and Sala are to be planted amidst them. शस्तौषधिद्रुमलता मधुरा सुगन्धा स्निग्धा समा न सुषिरा च महीं नराणाम् । अप्यध्वनि श्रमविनोदमुपागतानां धत्ते श्रियं किमुत शाश्वतमन्दिरेषु ॥८८॥ Sloka 88.—A ground that is soft, even, of sweet odour and taste, and abounding in commendable herbs, trees and creepers, and not hollow inside, confers pros- perity even on those persons who take rest on it from the

448 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LI. Sl. 89-92. fatigue of a journey ; how much more then on those who have a permanent home on it ? सचिवालयेऽर्थनाशो धूर्त्तगृहे सुतवधः समीपस्थे । उद्वेगो देवकुले चतुष्पथे भवति चाकीर्त्तिः ॥८९॥ चैत्ये भयं ग्रहकृतं वल्मीकश्वभ्रसङ्कुले विपदः । गर्त्तायां तु पिपासा कूर्माकारे धनविनाशः ॥९०॥ Slokas 89-90.—If a minister's house is nearby, there will be loss of wealth ; if a rogue's (or gambler's) house, death of a son; if a temple, mental affliction; if a cross-way, ill repute ; if a holy tree, danger from planetary influences; if a house is filled with ant hills or holes, calamities; if a chasm is nearby, thirst ; and if the ground is in the shape of a tortoise, loss of money. उदगादिप्लवमिष्टं विप्रादीनां प्रदक्षिणेनैव । विप्रः सर्वत्र वसेदनुवर्णमथेष्टमन्येषाम् ॥९१॥ Sloka 91.—If there is a slope towards the north, the ground is auspicious for Brahmins ; one towards the east, for Kshatriyas ; one towards the south, for Vaisyas ; one towards the west, for Sudras. Others hold that Brahmins may dwell in any directon, and others according to their rank ; i.e., Kshatriyas in ground inclined towards the east, south or west ; Vaisyas towards south or west ; Sudras towards the west alone. गृहमध्ये हस्तमितं खात्वा परिपूरितं पुनः श्वभ्रम् । यन्न्यूनमनिष्टं तत्समे समं धन्यमधिकं यत् ॥९२॥ Sloka 92.—In the centre of the house-site, dig a pit, one cubit in diameter and depth. If, on fiilling it with the same earth, the pit is insufficiently filled, it is harmful;

Adh. LIII. Sl. 93-95.] त्रिपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 449 if just filled, moderate; and if the earth is more than sufficient, it brings fortune. श्वभ्रमथवाऽम्बुपूर्णं पदशतमित्वा गतस्य यदि नोनम् । तद्धन्यं यच्च भवेत्पलान्यपामाढकं चतुःषष्टिः ॥९३॥ Sloka 93.—Or, fill the same pit with water and then walking a hundred steps, come back. If the water in the pit has not diminished, it is blest; similarly when an Adhaka of earth dug out weighs 64 palas. आमे वा मृत्पात्रे श्वभ्रस्थे दीपवर्तिरभ्यधिकम् । ज्वलति दिशि यस्य शस्ता सा भूमितस्य वर्णस्य ॥९४॥ Sloka 94.—Or, place lamps inside unbaked earthen pots in the four quarters (within the pit). That quarter of the site in which the lamp burns longest is auspicious for the particular caste. श्वभ्रोषितं न कुसुमं यस्य प्रम्लायतेऽनुवर्णसमम् । तत्तस्य भवति शुभदं यस्य च यस्मिन् मनो रमते ॥९५॥ Sloka 95.—Place flowers of the four colours assigned to the castes in the pit at night and observe them on the next day. That caste whose flower does not fade there, will flourish on the site; so also where one's mind feels happy. तथा चात्र गर्गः या यस्य राशिता भूमेर्भवेत्तु गृहकर्मणि । तस्यां श्वभ्रं खनेन्मध्ये हस्तमात्रं समन्ततः ॥ तच्छ्वभ्रं पूरयेत्तेन पांसुना सुविचक्षणः । वर्धमाने च वृद्धिः स्याद्धीयमाने विगर्हिता ॥ साम्ये साम्यं विनिर्दिष्टमथवाऽप्यद्भिचारणम् । पूरयित्वाऽथवा श्वभ्रं मृद्भिः क्रमशतं व्रजेत् ॥ पूर्णं स्यादागमं यावत् सा भूमिस्तु प्रशस्यते ।

450 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. Sl. LIII. 96-99. बस्मिन् वा धारयेच्छुभ्रे चित्रं माल्यमनुक्रमात् ॥ यच्चिरानम्लायते माल्यं तद्वर्णं तत्र चावसेत् । आमे वा मृन्मये पात्रे दीपवर्तिचतुष्टयम् ॥ यस्यां दिशि प्रज्वलात चिरं तस्यैव सा शुभा । सितरक्तपीतकृष्णा विप्रादीनां प्रशस्यते भूमिः । गन्धश्च भवति यस्यां घृतरुधिरान्नाद्यमद्यसमः ॥९६॥ कुशयुक्ता शरबहुला दूर्वाकाशावृता क्रमेण मही । ह्यनुवर्णं वृद्धिकरी मधुरकषायाम्लकटुका च ॥९७॥ Slokas 96-97.—A soil that is white is good for Brahmins ; one red, for Kshatriyas ; yellow, for Vaisyas ; and black, for Sudras. If it smells like ghee, blood, food and liquor, it is good for the four classes taken in order. Similarly it is auspicious for these classes in their order if it is covered with holy grass, Sara, Durva and Kasa. Likewise, a sweet, astringent, sour and pungent earth bestows prosperity on these classes तथा च गर्गः मधुरा दर्भसंयुक्ता घृतगन्धा च या मही । उत्तरप्रवणा चेति ब्राह्मणानां तु सा शुभा ॥ रक्तगन्धा कषाया च शरवीरेण संयुता । रक्ता प्राक्प्रवणा ज्ञेया क्षत्रियाणां तु सा मही ॥ दक्षिणप्रवणा भूमिर्याम्ला दूर्वाभिरन्विता । अन्नगन्धा च वैश्यानां पीतवर्णा प्रशस्यते ॥ पश्चिमप्रवणा कृष्णा विकुण्ठा काशसंवृता । मद्यगन्धा मही धन्या शूद्राणां कटुका तथा ॥ कृशां प्ररूढबीजां गोऽध्युषितां ब्राह्मणैः प्रशस्तां च । गत्वा महीं गृहपतिः काले सांवत्सरोद्दिष्टे ॥९८॥ भक्ष्यैर्नानाकारैर्दध्यक्षतसुरभिकुसुम धूपैश्च । दैवतपूजां कृत्वा स्वपतीनभ्यर्च्य विप्रांश्च ॥९९॥

Adh. LIII. Sl. 100-104.] त्रिपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 451 विप्रः स्पृष्ट्वा शीर्षं वक्षश्च क्षत्रियो विशश्चोरू । शूद्रः पादौ स्पृष्ट्वा कुर्याद्रेखां गृहारम्भे ॥१००॥ Slokas 98-100.—The owner of lands should go at a time prescribed by an astrologer to a good piece of earth which is ploughed, where sown seeds have grown, and where Brahmins and cows have stayed for a night; worship deities with varieties of eatables, curds, coloured rice and fragrant flowers and incense; and honour Brah- mins and the architects. Then touching his head, breast, thighs or feet according as he is a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya or Sudra, he should draw a line at the commence- ment of the construction of a house. अङ्गुष्ठकेन कुर्यान्मध्याङ्गुल्याऽथवा प्रदेशिन्या । कनकमणिरजतमुक्तादधिफलकुसुमाक्षतैश्च शुभम् ॥१०१॥ शस्त्रेण शस्त्रमृत्युर्बन्धो लोहेन भस्मनाग्निभयम् । तस्करभयं तृणेन च काष्ठोल्लिखिता च राजभयम् ॥१०२॥ वक्रा पादालिखिता शत्रुभयक्लेशदा विरूपा च । चर्माङ्गारास्थिकृता दन्तेन च कर्तुरशिवाय ॥१०३॥ वैरमपसव्यलिखिता प्रदक्षिणं सम्पदो विनिर्देश्याः । वाचः परुषा निष्ठीवितं क्षुतं चाशुभं कथितम् ॥१०४॥ Slokas 101-104.—If he should draw the line with the thumb, middle finger or fore-finger, or with gold, gem, silver, pearl, curds, fruit, flower or coloured rice, it would lead to happiness; if with a weapon, he would be killed by weapons; if with a metal (or iron), imprisoned; with ashes, will have danger from fire; with straw, danger from thieves; with a wooden stick, fear of King. A crooked line drawn by foot gives danger from enemies

452 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LIII. Sl. 105-107 and misery; so is one that is imperceptible or ugly; one drawn with hide, charcoal, bone or tooth, causes disaster to the owner; one drawn in an anti-clockwise direction, produces hatred; in a clockwise direction, pros- perity; harsh words, spitting and sneezing at the com- mencement are said to be inauspicious. अर्द्धनिचितं कृतं वा प्रविशन् स्थपतिर्गृहे निमित्तानि । अवलोकयेद्गृहपतिः क्व संस्थितः स्पृशति किं चाङ्गम् ॥१०५॥ रविदीप्तो यदि शकुनिस्तस्मिन् काले विरौति परुषरवम् । संस्पृष्टाङ्गसमानं तस्मिन् देशेऽस्थि निर्दिश्यम् ॥१०६॥ Slokas 105-106.—When entering a finished or half- finished house, the architect should look for the sign such as where (in which part of the house-God) the owner is standing, and which limb he is touching. If a bird heated by the Sun, cries harshly at the time, it may be predicted that on the spot there is a bone of a mem- ber corresponding to the limb touched. The meaning of 'heated by the Sun' is—in the first watch of the day, the north-east is full of embers; the east is 'scorched', south-east, 'smoky', and the rest are calm; in the second watch, the east is 'full of embers,' south-east, 'scorched', south 'smoky', and the rest calm; in the third, south-east, 'full of embers', south, 'scorched', south-west, 'smoky', and the rest calm; in the last watch of the day, the south is 'full of embers', south west, 'scorched', west, 'smoky' and the rest, 'calm'; and so on. शकुनसमयेऽथवाऽन्ये हस्त्यश्वश्वादयोऽनुवाशन्ते । तत्प्रभवमस्थि तस्मिंस्तदङ्गसम्भूतमेवेति ॥१०७॥ Sloka 107.—Or, at the time of noting fore-tokens, if other animals such as elephants, horses and dogs being scorched by the Sun, produce a shrieking sound, it may

Adh. LIII. Sl. 108-109.] त्रिपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 453 be told that the specified spot contains a bone of such an animal and belonging to the limb corresponding to that touched by the owner. सूत्रे प्रसार्यमाणे गर्दभरावोऽस्थिशल्यमाचष्टे । श्वशृगाललङ्घिते वा सूत्रे शल्यं विनिर्दिश्यम् ॥१०८॥ Sloka 108.—The braying of an ass at the time of stretching the measuring string indicates the presence of a bone underneath. Similarly when the string is crossed by a dog or jackal, the same fault is to be predicted. दिशि शान्तायां शकुनिर्मधुरविरावी यदा तदा वाच्यः । अर्थस्तस्मिन् स्थाने गृहेश्वराधिष्ठितेऽङ्गे वा ॥१०९॥ Sloka 109.—If at that time, a bird sitting in a 'calm' direction warbles sweetly, it is to be understood that there is a hidden treasure on the spot or in the limb of the House-God occupied by the owner. तथा च गर्गः प्रश्नकाले गृहपतिः कस्मिन्नङ्गे समास्थितः । किमङ्गं संस्पृशेद्व्वापि व्याहरेद्वा शुभाशुभम् ॥ विलोक्य स्थपतिः पूर्वं पश्चाच्छल्यं विचारयेत् । शङ्खभेरीमृदङ्गानां पटहानां च निःस्वनाः ॥ दध्यक्षतानां पुष्पाणां फलानां दर्शनानि च । प्रष्टुश्च प्रवदेच्छल्यं वास्तुज्ञानविशारदः ॥ दीप्तदिक्संस्थितः पक्षी विरौति पौरुषं रवम् । स्पृष्टाङ्गसदृशं शल्यं तस्य स्थाने विनिर्दिशेत् ॥ निखनेदवनिं तत्र तदङ्गं त्रुडते यथा । गृहनाथस्य तत्राधः शल्यं निःसंशयं वदेत् ॥ प्रश्नकाले गजो गौर्वा तुरगो गर्दभोऽपि वा । उष्ट्रो वा सारमेयो वा मार्जारश्छागरोऽपि वा ॥ यः प्राणी व्याहरेत्तत्र तद्भवं शल्यमादिशेत् । प्रमाणं तस्य वक्तव्यं पूर्वोक्तविधिना ततः ॥

454 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LIII. Sl. 110-113. सूत्रच्छेदे मृत्युः कीले चावाङ्मुखे महान् रोगः । गृहनाथस्थपतीनां स्मृतिलोपे मृत्युरादेश्यः ॥११०॥ स्कन्धाच्च्युते शिरोरुक् कुलोपसर्गोऽपवर्जिते कुम्भे । भग्नेऽपि च कर्मिवधश्च्युते कराद्गृहपतेर्मृत्युः ॥१११॥ Slokas 110-111.—If the string snaps, the owner will die ; if a peg is driven upside down, fell disease will befall him ; if the owner or carpenter forget anything, it indicates their death ; if the pot of water, while being brought, falls down from the shoulder, the owner will have some cerebral disease ; if it is drained away, there will be trouble to his family ; if it is broken, the labour- ers will die : and if it falls from the hand, the owner will die. उत्तरपूर्वे कोणे कृत्वा पूजां शिलां न्यसेत्प्रथमम् । शेषाः प्रदक्षिणेन स्तम्भांश्चैवं समुत्थाप्याः ॥११२॥ छत्रस्रगम्बरयुतः कृतधूपविलेपनः समुत्थाप्यः । स्तम्भस्तथैव कार्यो द्वारोच्छ्रायः प्रयत्नेन ॥११३॥ Slokas 112-113.—In the north-eastern corner a worship should be performed with the necessary mate- rials and first of all, a stone laid there and then others in the other directions in a clock-wise manner ; similarly should be erected pillars carefully being decked with umbrellas, wreaths, cloths, incense and ointments. So also are doors to be raised. तथा च गर्गः । शिलान्यासकाले तु संभारांश्चोपकल्पयेत् । समुद्रजानि रत्नानि सुवर्णं रजतं तथा ॥ सर्वबीजानि गन्धांश्च शरान् दर्भांस्तथैव च । शुक्लान् सुमनसः सर्पिः केतकीं मधुरोचनाम् ॥

Adh. LIII. Sl. 114.] त्रिपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 455 आमिषं च तथा मद्यं फलानि विविधानि च । क्षीरोदनं पूर्णकुम्भान् कोणे कोणे प्रदापयेत् ॥ नानाविधानि भक्ष्याणि पानानि विविधानि च । हुत्वाग्निं विधिवत्काले मुहूर्त्ते चोपपादिते ॥ गृहकोणेषु सर्वेषु पूजां कृत्वा विधानतः । ततः पुण्याहघोषेण शिलान्यासं प्रकल्पयेत् ॥ ऐशानमादितः कृत्वा प्राग्दाक्षिण्येन विन्यसेत् । अनेनैव विधानेन स्तम्भद्वारावरोहणम् ॥ वास्तुविद्याविधानज्ञः कारयेत्सुसमाहितः । शिलान्यासमन्त्रोऽयं निर्दिष्टो मुनिभिः पुरा ॥ नन्दे नन्दायवासिष्ठे वसुमित्र हितप्रजे । सुचिरे नन्ददे नन्दे वासिष्ठ रम्यतां गृहे ॥ भद्रे काश्यपदायादे पूजनं भद्रमावह । सुभगे सुव्रते देवि गृहे काश्यपि रम्यताम् ॥ जये भार्गवदायादे प्रजानां भद्रमावह । भव भूतिकरी देवि गृहे भार्गवि रम्यताम् ॥ सर्वबीजसमायुक्ते सर्वगन्धौषधैर्वृते । प्रजापतिसुते देवि सुखदाऽस्तु महीसुते ॥ पूर्णेऽङ्गिरसदायादे पूर्णकामाः प्रजाः कुरु । पूजिते परमाचार्ये गन्धमाल्यैरलङ्कृते ॥ अव्यङ्गे चाक्षते पूर्णे मुनेरङ्गिरसः सुते । इष्टके त्वं प्रयच्छेष्टं प्रतिष्ठां गृहिणः कुरु ॥ ग्रामस्वामिपुरस्वामिगृहस्वामिपरिग्रहे । मनुष्यपशुशस्यश्वधनवृद्धिकरी भव ॥ विहगादिभिरवलीनैराकम्पितपतितदुःस्थितैश्च तथा । शक्रध्वजसदृशफलं तदेव तस्मिन्वनिर्दिष्टम् ॥११४॥ Sloka 114.—When the pillars, etc., are mounted by birds and the like, when they shake, fall or are wrongly placed, the same effects have to be predicted as for Indra's Banner. Vide-Adhyaya XLIII, Slokas 62-66, supra.

456 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LIII. Sl. 115-119. प्रागुत्तरोन्नते धनसुतक्षयः सुतवधश्च दुर्गन्धे । वक्रे बन्धुविनाशो न सन्ति गर्भाश्च दिङ्‌मूढे ॥११५॥ इच्छेद्यदि गृहवृद्धिं ततः समन्ताद्विवर्धयेत्तुल्यम् । एकोद्देशे दोषः प्रागथवाऽप्युत्तरे कुर्यात् ॥११६॥ Slokas 115-116.—If the house is elevated in the east or north, there will be loss of wealth and children; if there is stinking smell there, loss of a son ; if it is not straight, destruction of kinsmen ; and if it does not face any particular direction, no children will be born. If one wishes for the prosperity of a house, one ought to raise it to the same level on all sides. If at all there should be any fault, it should be either in the east or in the north. प्राग्भवति मित्रवैरं मृत्युभयं दक्षिणेन यदि वृद्धिः । अर्थविनाशः पश्चादुदग्विवृद्धिर्मनस्तापः ॥११७॥ Sloka 117.—When the house has an elevation to- wards the east, the owner will be at loggerheads with his friends; if towards the south, fear of death; if to- wards the west, loss of wealth ; and if towards the north, mental affliction. ऐशान्यां देवगृहं महानसं चापि कार्यमाग्नेय्याम् । नैर्ऋत्यां भाण्डोपस्करोऽर्थधान्यानि मारुत्याम् ॥११८॥ Sloka 118.—In a four-halled house, the chamber of worship should be situated in the north-east ; kitchen in the south-east ; the store-room in the south-west ; and the treasure-room and granary in the north-west. प्राच्यादिस्थे सलिले सुतहानिः शिखिभयं रिपुभयं च । स्त्रीकलहः स्त्रीदौष्ट्यं नैष्ठ्यं वित्तात्मजविवृद्धिः ॥११९॥

Adh. LIII. Sl. 120-123.] त्रिपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 457 Sloka 119.—If there is water to the east, south-east, south, etc., of a house, there will be loss of children, danger from fire, threat of enemy, quarrel among wo- men, frailty of women, penury, increase of wealth and prosperity of sons respectively. खगनिलयभग्नसंशुष्कदग्धदेवालयश्मशानस्थान् । क्षीरतरुधवविभीतकनिम्ब्वारणि वर्जितान् छिन्द्यात् ॥१२०॥ Sloka 120.—For constructing a house, one ought to select trees other than those that are inhabited by birds, that are broken, withered, burnt, that are in temples, and burial grounds, milky trees, Dhava, Vibhitaka, Neem and Arani. रात्रौ कृतबलिपूजं प्रदक्षिणं छेदयेद्दिवा वृक्षम् । धन्यमुदक्प्राक्पतनं न ग्राह्योऽतोऽन्यथा पतितः ॥१२१॥ Sloka 121.—A tree that is worshipped along with offerings the previous night, should be cut at day-time beginning with its north-eastern part. If it falls to the north or east, it is fortunate. One falling otherwise should be abandoned. छेदो यद्यविकारी ततः शुभं दारु तद्गृहौपयिकम् । पीते तु मण्डले निर्दिशेत्तरोर्मध्यगां गोधाम् ॥१२२॥ मञ्जिष्ठाभे भेको नीले सर्पस्तथाऽरुणे सरटः । मुद्गाभेऽश्मा कपिले तु मूषकोऽम्भश्च खङ्गाभे ॥१२३॥ Slokas 122-123.—If the cutting appears natural, the timber is good for being used for a house; if there is a yellowish circle in the cross section of the tree, it is to be predicted that there is a lizard inside the tree; if a madder-coloured circle, a frog; if a bluish one, a snake; बृ. सं. 58

458 बृहत्संहितायाम् [LIII. 124-125, LIV. 1-2. if a red one, a blood-sucker ; if a green-gram-like one, a stone ; and if a tawny one, a rat ; and if a sword-like one, water. धान्यगोगुरुहुताशसुराणां न स्वपेदुपरि नाप्यनुवंशम् । नोत्तरापरशिरा न च नग्नो नैव चार्द्रचरणः श्रियमिच्छन् ॥१२४॥ Sloka 124.—One wishing for prosperity ought not to sleep above grains, cows, elders, fire and deitics ; nor along the diagonals, nor with the head turned towards the north or west, nor naked, nor with wet feet भूरिपुष्पविकरं सतोरणं तोयपूर्णकलशोपशोभितम् । धूपगन्धबलिपूजितामरं ब्राह्मणध्वनियुतं विशेद् गृहम् ॥१२५॥ Sloka 125.—One ought to enter a house which is strewn with an abundance of flowers, decked with arches, embellished with pots filled with water, where the deities are worshipped with incense, perfumes and oblations and which is reverberating with the sound of Brahmins chanting Vedas. By the word अमर is meant the Gods inside the वास्तु aud not those that are situated in the outer compartments. Thus ends the 53rd Adhyaya on 'House-building'. दकार्गलम् ॥५४॥ On the Exploration of Water Springs धर्म्यं यशस्यं च वदाम्यतोऽहं दकार्गल येन जलोपलब्धिः । पुंसां यथाङ्गेषु शिरास्तथैव क्षितावपि प्रोन्नतनिम्नसंस्थाः ॥१॥ एकेन वर्णेन रसेन चाम्भश्च्युतं नभस्तो वसुधाविशेषात् । नानारसत्वं बहुवर्णतां च गतं परीक्ष्यं क्षितितुल्यमेव ॥२॥

Adh. LIV. Sl. 3-6.] चतुःपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 459 Slokas 1-2.—I shall now explain the science of ‘Water-finding’ which leads to religious merit and re- nown, for, it helps men to ascertain the existence of water. Just as there are veins in the human body, even so do they exist, some higher up, others lower down, in the earth. The water that falls from the sky with the same colour and taste, assumes various colours and tastes owing to the difference in the nature of the earth. Hence it should be examined in relation to its environments. पुरुहूतानलयमनिर्ऋतिवरुणपवनेन्दुशङ्करा देवाः । विज्ञातव्याः क्रमशः प्राच्याद्यानां दिशां पतयः ॥३॥ दिक्पतिसञ्ज्ञा च शिरा नवमी मध्ये महाशिरानाम्नी । एताभ्योऽन्याः शतशो विनिःसृता नामभिः प्रथिताः ॥४॥ पातालादूर्ध्वशिरा शुभा चतुर्दिक्षु संस्थिता याश्च । कोणदिगुत्था न शुभाः शिरानिमित्तान्यतो वक्ष्ये ॥५॥ Slokas 3-5.—The divine lords of the eight quarters beginning with the east are in their order, Indra, Agni, Yama, Nirriti (demon), Varuna, Wind, the Moon and Siva. The veins in the different quarters are known by the names of their respective lords. There is a ninth, called ‘The Great Vein’, in the middle of these. There are hundreds of veins branching off from these and bearing distinct appellations. A vein that comes up from the nether world is good; so are those in the four directions. But those in the intermediate quarters are not auspicious. Hereafter I shall explain the character- istics of the veins. यदि वेतसोऽम्बुरहिते देशे हस्तैस्त्रिभिस्ततः पश्चात् । सार्धे पुरुषे तोयं वहति शिरा पश्चिमा तत्र ॥६॥

460 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LIV. Sl. 7-10. चिह्नमपि चार्धपुरुषे मण्डूकः पाण्डुरोऽथ मृत् पीता । पुटभेदकश्च तस्मिन् पाषाणो भवति तोयमधः ॥७॥ Slokas 6-7.—If rotang (tree) is seen flourishing in a waterless tract, there will be water at a depth of 7½ cubits at a distance of 3 cubits to the west of the tree. There will be found a westerly vein flowing underneath. At a depth of 2½ cubits, the symptoms would be a pale white frog ; thereafter, yellow clay, and further, a very hard stone (which will break only by the application of great heat) and underneath that there will be water. Man's height is 120 digits or 5 cubits. जम्ब्वाश्चोदग्घस्तैस्त्रिभिः शिराधो नरद्वये पूर्वा । मृल्लोहगन्धिका पाण्डुरा च पुरुषेऽत्र मण्डूकः ॥८॥ Sloka 8.—In a similar tract, if a Jambu tree is found, an easterly vein will be obtained at a depth of ten cubits at a distance of three cubits to its north. The signs are, the earth smelling like iron at a depth of five cubits ; next, pale-white clay, and further, a frog. जम्बूवृक्षस्य प्राग्वल्मीको यदि भवेत् समीपस्थः । तस्माद्दक्षिणपार्श्वे सलिलं पुरुषद्वये स्वादु ॥९॥ अर्धपुरुषे च मत्स्यः पारावतसन्निभश्च पाषाणः । मृद्भवति चात्र नीला दीर्घं कालं च बहु तोयम् ॥१०॥ Slokas 9-10.—If there is an ant-hill nearby to the east of a Jambu tree, there will be sweet water at a depth of ten cubits at a distance of three cubits to the south of the tree. When the earth is dug 2½ cubits deep, there will be found fish ; next a stone with the colour of a dove ; and next blue clay. Here there will be plenty of water for a long time.

Adh. LIV. Sl. 11-15.] चतुःपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 461 पश्चादुदुम्बरस्य त्रिभिरेव करैर्नरद्वये सार्धे । पुरुषे सितोऽहिरश्माञ्जनोपमोऽधः शिरा सुजला ॥११॥ Sloka 11.—If there is an Indian Fig tree in a water- less tract (with or without an ant-hill thereby), there will be a vein of good water at a distance of only three cubits to its west and at a depth of 12½ cubits. Here, the signs are a white snake at a depth of five cubits and further a stone as dark as collyrium. उदगर्जुनस्य दृश्यो वल्मीको यदि ततोऽर्जुनाद्धस्तैः । त्रिभिरम्बु भवति पुरुषैस्त्रिभिरर्धसमन्वितैः पश्चात् ॥१२॥ श्वेता गोधार्धनरे पुरुषे मृद्धूसरा ततः कृष्णा । पीता सिता ससिकता ततो जलं निर्दिशेदमितम् ॥१३॥ Slokas 12-13. - If there be an ant-hill to the north of an Arjuna tree, there would be water at a depth of 17½ cubits, at a distance of three cubits to its west. When the earth is dug 2½ cubits deep, there will be a white lizard ; then at a depth of five cubits, grey clay; then dark, then yellow, then white, and then sandy earth. Beneath that, abundant water is to be predicted. वल्मीकोपचितायां निर्गुण्ड्यां दक्षिणेन कथितकरैः । पुरुषद्वये सपादे स्वादु जलं भवति चाशोष्यम् ॥१४॥ रोहितमत्स्योऽर्धनरे मृत् कपिला पाण्डुरा ततः परतः । सिकता सशर्कराऽथ क्रमेण परतो भवत्यम्भः ॥१५॥ Slokas 14-15.—There will be sweet and never-fail- ing water at a depth of 11¼ cubits at a distance 3 cubits to the south of a Nirgundi (Indigo) tree with an ant-hill nearby. At a depth of 2½ cubits, there will be red fish ; then, red brown clay ; further, pale-white clay ; then, sand mixed with gravel ; beneath that, there will be water.

462 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh LIV. Sl. 16-20 पूर्वेण यदि बदर्या वल्मीको दृश्यते जलं पश्चात् । पुरुषैस्त्रिभिरादेश्यं श्वेता गृहगोधिकाङ्गेऽनरं ॥१६॥ Sloka 16.—When an ant-hill is seen to the east of a Jujube tree, water is to be declared at a depth of 15 cubits at a distance of 3 cubits to its west When the earth is dug 2½ cubits, a white lizard will be found. सपलाशा बदरी चेद्दिश्यपरस्यां ततो जलं भवति । पुरुषत्रये सपादे पुरुषेऽत्र च दुण्डुभश्चिह्नम् ॥१७॥ Sloka 17.—If a Jujube tree is seen along with a Palasa tree, water will be found at a depth of 16¼ cubits at a distance of 3 cubits to its west. At a depth of 5 cubits, the sign will be a non-poisonous snake. बिल्वोदुम्बरयोगे विहाय हस्तत्रयं तु याम्येन । पुरुषैस्त्रिभिरम्बु भवेत् कृष्णोऽर्द्धनरे च मण्डूकः ॥१८॥ Sloka 18.—There will be water at a depth of 15 cubits at a distance of 3 cubits to the south of a place where a Bilwa and an Indian fig tree are together. The sign at a depth of 2½ cubits is a black frog. काकोदुम्बरिकायां वल्मीको दृश्यते शिरा तस्मिन् । पुरुषत्रये सपादे पश्चिमदिक्स्था वहति सा च ॥१९॥ आपाण्डुपीतिका मृद्गोरसवर्णश्च भवति पाषाणः । पुरुषार्धे कुमुदनिभो दृष्टिपथं मूषको याति ॥२०॥ Slokas 19-20.—If an ant-hill is seen near a Kako- dumbara tree, there will be a westerly water vein flowing at a depth 16¼ cubits. The signs are pale yellow clay and white stone; and at a depth of 2½ cubits a lily- coloured white rat will greet the eyes.

Adh. LIV. Sl. 21-26.] चतुःपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 463 जलपरिहीने देशे वृक्षः कम्पिल्लको यदा दृश्यः । प्राच्यां हस्तत्रितये वहति शिरा दक्षिणा प्रथमम् ॥२१॥ मृन्नीलोत्पलवर्णा कापोता दृश्यते ततस्तस्मिन् । हस्तेऽजगन्धको मत्स्यकः पयोऽल्पं च सक्षारम् ॥२२॥ Slokas 21-22.—When a Kampillaka tree is seen in a waterless tract, there will be a southerly water-vein flow- ing at a depth of 16½ cubits at a distance of 3 cubits to the east of it. The signs are blue clay, then lily-coloured, and further dove-coloured clay; and further, at a depth of one cubit, there will be a fish with the smell of goat, and beneath that, a little brackish water. शोणाकतरोरपरोत्तरे शिरा द्वौ करावतिक्रम्य । कुमुदा नाम शिरा सा पुरुषत्रयवाहिनी भवति ॥२३॥ Sloka 23.—There is a water-vein called Kumuda, which flows at a depth of 15 cubits and at a distance of two cubits to the north-west of a Sonaka tree. आसन्नो वल्मीको दक्षिणपार्श्वे विभीतकस्य यदि । अध्यर्धे भवति शिरा पुरुषे ज्ञेया दिशि प्राच्याम् ॥२४॥ Sloka 24.—If there is an ant-hill nearby to the south of a Vibhitaka tree, there will be a water-vein at a depth of 7½ cubits at a distance of 2 cubits to its east. तस्यैव पश्चिमायां दिशि वल्मीको यदा भवेद्धस्ते । तत्रोद्ग्भवति शिरा चतुर्भिरर्धाधिकैः पुरुषैः ॥२५॥ श्वेतो विश्रम्भरकः प्रथमे पुरुषे तु कुङ्कुमाभोऽश्मा । अपरस्यां दिशि च शिरा नश्यति वर्षत्रयेऽतीते ॥२६॥ Slokas 25-26.—When the ant-hill is to the west of the same tree, there will be a water-vein at a depth of 22½ cubits at a distance of a cubit to its north. The

464 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LIV. Sl. 27-32. signs are a white scorpion (?) at a depth of 5 cubits, then a crimson stone; then to the west flows a vein. This vein will disappear after three years. सकुशासित ऐशान्यां वल्मीको यत्र कोविदारस्य । मध्ये तयोर्नरैरर्धपञ्चमैस्तोयमक्षोभ्यम् ॥२७॥ प्रथमे पुरुषे भुजगः कमलोदरसन्निभो मही रक्ता । कुरुविन्दः पाषाणश्चिह्नान्येतानि वाच्यानि ॥२८॥ Slokas 27-28. — If there is an ant-hill darkened by holy grass to the north-east of a Kovidāra tree, there will be undrying water at a depth of 22½ cubits between the tree and the ant-hill. The signs mentioned are: a snake of the colour of a lotus-calix at a depth of 5 cubits; red earth and a coryndon stone. यदि भवति सप्तपर्णो वल्मीकवृतस्तदुत्तरं तोयम् । वाच्यं पुरुषैः पञ्चभिरत्रापि भवन्ति चिह्नानि ॥२९॥ पुरुषार्धे मण्डूको हरितो हरितालसन्निभा भूश्च । पाषाणोऽभ्रनिकाशः सौम्या च शिरा शुभाम्बुवहा ॥३०॥ Slokas 29-30. — If a Saptaparna tree is surrounded by an ant-hill, water is to be declared at a depth of 25 cubits at a distance of one cubit to the north of it. The signs are: a green frog at a depth of 2½ cubits, the earth resembling yellow orpiment, a stone dark like the cloud, and beneath that, a northerly vein carrying good water. सर्वेषां वृक्षाणामधः स्थितो दर्दुरो यदा दृश्यः । तस्माद्धस्ते तोयं चतुर्भिरर्धाधिकैः पुरुषैः ॥३१॥ पुरुषे तु भवति नकुलो नीला मृत्पीतिका ततः श्वेता । दर्दुरसमानरूपः पाषाणो दृश्यते चात्र ॥३२॥

Adh. LIV. Sl. 33-37.] चतुःपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 465 Slokas 31-32.—When a frog is seen at the foot of any tree, there will be water at a depth of 22½ cubits at a distance of one cubit to its north. The signs are : a mongoose at a depth of 5 cubits, then blue clay, yellow, then white clay and next a stone of the shape of a frog. यद्यहिनिलयो दृश्यो दक्षिणतः संस्थितः करञ्जस्य । हस्तद्वये तु याम्ये पुरुषत्रितये शिरा सार्धे ॥३३॥ कच्छपकः पुरुषाद्धे प्रथमं चोद्भिद्यते शिरा पूर्वा । उदगन्या स्वादुजला हरितोऽश्माधस्ततस्तोयम् ॥३४॥ Slokas 33-34.—If there is an ant-hill to the south of a Karanja tree, there will be a water-vein at a depth of 17½ cubits at a distance of 2 cubits to its south. The signs are : a tortoise at a depth of 2½ cubits; there will first of all appear an easterly vein, then a northerly vein containing sweet water ; then a green stone below; under- neath that, there will be water. उत्तरतश्च मधूकादहिनिलयः पश्चिमे तरोस्तोयम् । परिहृत्य पञ्च हस्तानर्धाष्टमपौरुषान् प्रथमम् ॥३५॥ अहिराजः पुरुषेऽस्मिन् धूम्रा धात्री कुलुत्थवर्णोऽश्मा । माहेन्द्री भवति शिरा वहति सफेनं सदा तोयम् ॥३६॥ Slokas 35-36.—If there be an ant-hill to the north of a Madhuka tree, there will be water at a depth of 37½ cubits at a distance of 5 cubits to the west of the tree. The signs are : first, a big serpent at a depth of 5 cubits, then tawny clay, a stone of the colour of horse gram ; next, there will be an easterly vein, carrying always foamy water. वल्मीकः स्निग्धो दक्षिणेन तिलकस्य सकुशदूर्वश्चेत् । पुरुषैः पञ्चभिरम्भो दिशि वारुण्यां शिरा पूर्वा ॥३७॥ बृ. सं- 59

466 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. LIV. Sl. 38-42. Sloka 37.—If there be a glossy ant-hill covered with holy grass and Durva to the south of a Tilaka tree, there will be water at a depth of 25 cubits at a distance of 5 cubits to the west of the tree. The vein there is an easterly one. सर्पावासः पश्चाद्यदा कदम्बस्य दक्षिणेन जलम् । परतो हस्तत्रितयात् पङ्किः पुरुषैस्तुरीयोनैः ॥३८॥ कौबेरी चात्र शिरा वहति जलं लोहगन्धि चाक्षोभ्यम् । कनकनिभो मण्डूको नरमात्रे मृत्तिका पीता ॥३९॥ Slokas 38-39.—If there be an ant-hill to the west of a Kadamba tree, there will be a northerly vein, carrying inexhaustible water with the smell of iron at a depth of 28¾ cubits at a distance of 3 cubits to the south of the tree. The signs are : a gold-hued frog at a depth of 5 cubits ; and next, yellow-clay. वल्मीकसंवृतो यदि तालो वा भवति नालिकेरो वा । पश्चात् षड्भिर्हस्तैर्नरैश्चतुर्भिः शिरा याम्या ॥४०॥ Sloka 40.—If a palm tree or a cocoanut tree is found covered with ant-hills, there will be a southerly water-vein at a depth of 20 cubits at a distance of 6 cubits to the west of the tree. याम्येन कपित्थस्याहिसंश्रयश्चेदुदग्जलं वाच्यम् । सप्तपरित्यज्य करान् खात्वा पुरुषान् जलं पञ्च ॥४१॥ कर्बुरकोऽहिः पुरुषे कृष्णा मृत्पुटभिदपि च पाषाणः । श्वेता मृत्पश्चिमतः शिरा ततश्चोत्तरा भवति ॥४२॥ Slokas 41-42.--If there be an ant-hill to the south of a wood-apple tree, there will be water at a depth of 25 cubits at a distance of 7 cubits to the north of the