बृहत्संहिता (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - स्थापत्य, खगोल, मौसम व जल विज्ञान)

378 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVII. Sl. 28. If, whilst the course of the Sun lies through the end of the signs Vrishabha, Mithuna, Vrischika and Simha, Jupiter and Mars should be in conjunction with it, mankind would suffer from famine, and the deaths would be so many that in the cremation grounds of villages and towns, Pisachas might be seen with hundreds of dead bodies in their mouths. If two, three or four planets should meet together, people would suffer from death and famine. If five planets should meet, there would also be famine; if six, the chief ruler would run away from his kingdom, and if seven, humanity would come to an end. If the course of Mars and Saturn, through the signs of Kar- kataka, Simha and Meena should be retrograde or re-retrograde, there would be much suffering on earth. There would also be a scarcity of water and wars in the land; grains would be des- troyed and mankind would suffer from robbers. If Saturn and Rahu should meet, crops would be injured; commodity would become scarce; husbands and wives would be at strife, there would be drought and famine in the land; cows would suffer death and men would become exceedingly lazy. If the course of the Sun and the Moon, both of brilliant discs, should lie through the seven asterisms from Krittika, Madhya- desa would suffer miseries. If the course of the Sun, the Moon, Mars and Venus should lie through the seven asterisms from Magha, there would be grief and disease among men and the God of Death would be busy in his wide work of destruction in the southern countries. If the course of Jupiter, the Moon and Mercury, all of brilliant discs, should lie through the seven asterisms from Anuradha, the western countries, as far as the sea, as well as the western sea itself with its creatures would suffer miseries. If the course of the Sun. Venus and Mars should lie through the seven asterisms from Sravishta, the northern countries would suffer miseries. If the benefic planets should appear of the colour of gold, the Brahmins, the Kshatriyas, the Vaisyas and the Sudras would all attend to their respective duties and would become happy." Thus ends the 47th Adhyaya on "Motley Miscellany.".

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 1-3] .अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 379 पुष्यस्नानम् ॥४८॥ Royal Ablution. मूलं मनुजाधिपतिः प्रजातरोस्तदुपघातसंस्कारात् । अशुभं शुभं च लोके भवति यतोऽतो नृपतिचिन्ता ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—The king is the root of the subject-tree. Since the happiness and misery of the people arise in order from nourishing and injuring that root, it is neces- sary to devise means to enhance the king's welfare. या व्याख्याता शान्तिः स्वयम्भुवा सुरगुरोर्महेन्द्रार्थे । तां प्राप्य वृद्धगर्गः प्राह यथा भागुरेः शृणुत ॥२॥ Sloka 2.—Now listen, Ye, to the expiation, which had been expounded by the Self-born to the Precep- tor of Gods for the sake of Indra, and which, later, the Senior Garga got and imparted to sage Bhaguri. तथा च वृद्धगर्गः । देवाश्च दितिजैः सार्धं स्पर्धमाना हि मानिनः । परस्परं महद्युद्धं चक्रुः सर्वे सुरासुराः ॥ ततो दैत्यगणैः क्रुद्धैर्देवाः सर्वे विनिर्जिताः । ततोऽङ्गिराः सुरगुरुर्ध्यानसक्तोऽभवत्पुरा ॥ पुरन्दराभिषेकार्थं बृहस्पतिरकल्पयत् । तिष्यमात्मीयनक्षत्रं यस्य देवो बृहस्पतिः ॥ तेन चैवाभिषिक्तश्च देवराजः पुरन्दरः । ततो बलसमारूढो नाशयामास दानवान् ॥ देवाश्च हृष्टमनसः पुरीं प्राप्यामरावतीम् । पुष्यस्नानं बलतरं तदारभ्य प्रवर्त्तितम् ॥ पुष्यस्नानं नृपतेः कर्तव्यं दैववित्पुरोधाभ्याम् । नातः परं पवित्रं सर्वोत्पातान्तकरमस्ति ॥३॥ Sloka 3.—The royal astrologer and preceptor should give the King an ablution on a day with the

380 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 4-8. asterism of Pushya. There is nothing holier than this (bath) which puts an end to all the portents. श्लेष्मातकाक्षकण्टकिकटुतिक्तविगन्धिपादपविहीने । कौशिकगृध्रप्रभृतिभिरनिष्टविहगैः परित्यक्ते ॥४॥ तरुणतरुगुल्मवल्लीलताप्रतानान्विते वनोद्देशे । निरुपहतपत्रपल्लवमनोज्ञमधुरद्रुमप्राये ॥५॥ Slokas 4-5.—The royal ablution should be done in a forest region, which is devoid of cordia, beleric myro- balan, thorny, pungent, bitter, and bad-smelling trees ; which is free from owls, vultures and such other inaus- picious birds ; which is full of young trees, shrubs, creepers and bowers, and which consists mostly of beau- tiful and attractive trees with unimpaired leaves and sprouts. कृकवाकुजीवजीवकशुकशिखिशतपत्रचाषहारीतैः । क्रकरचकोरकपिञ्जलवञ्जुलपारावतश्रीकैः ॥६॥ कुसुमरसपानमत्तद्विरेफपुंस्कोकिलादिभिश्चान्यैः । विरुते वनोपकण्ठे क्षेत्रागारे शुचावथवा ॥७॥ Slokas 6-7.—Or, the ablution may be performed in a pure building in a sacred place in the vicinity of forests that resound with the notes of the cocks, Jeevas, Jeevakas, parrots, peacocks, wood-peckers, blue jays, green pigeons, Krakaras, Chakoras, Kapinjalas, Vanjulas doves, Srikantas and other birds such as the virile cuck- oos and bees intoxicated with the drink of honey. This admits of another interpretation, viz., in the vicinity of such orests or in a clean building situated in a sacred place. ह्रदिनीविलासिनीनां जलखगनखविक्षतेषु रम्येषु । पुलिनजघनेषु कुर्याद् दृङ्मनसोः प्रीतिजननेषु ॥८॥

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 9-12.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 381 Sloka 8.—Or, it should be performed on the attract- ive thighs, viz., the sandy banks that delight the eyes and the heart, that have the scratches of nails, in the form of aquatic birds, of the sportive damsels,, viz., the rivers. Note how the poet has brought out through metaphor Srin- gara (erotic) sentiment in union. प्रोत्प्लुतहंसच्छत्रे कारण्डवकुररसारसोद्गीते । फुल्लेन्दीवरनयने सरसि सहस्राक्षकान्तिधरे ॥९॥ Sloka 9.—Or, it may be done in a lake, which possesses the beauty of Indra, on account of its royal umbrella in the form of the flying swans, the fine songs in the form of the cries of ducks, ospreys and cranes, and its eyes in the form of lily blossoms. प्रोत्फुल्लकमलवदनाः कलहंसकलप्रभाषिण्यः । प्रोत्तुङ्गकुङ्ग्लकुचा यस्मिन्नलिनीविलासिन्यः ॥१०॥ Sloka 10.—Or, in a place where there are the sportive damsels, viz., lotus-ponds with their beaming faces of full-blown lotuses, melodious voices of the sweet notes of royal swans and breasts of the uplifted buds. कुर्याद्रोमन्थजफेनलवशकृत्खुरक्षतोपचिते । अचिरप्रसूतहुङ्कृतवल्गितवत्सोत्सवे गोष्ठे ॥११॥ Sloka 11.—Or, it may be done in a cow-pen which is full of drops of foam caused by the cows chewing the cud, of cow-dung and scratches made by their hoofs; and which is gay with the lowing and frisking of young calves. अथवा समुद्रतीरे कुशलागतरत्नपोतसम्बाधे । घननिचुललीनजलचरसितखगशबलीकृतोपान्ते ॥१२॥

382 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 13-16. Sloka 12.—Or, it may be performed on the sea-shore which is overcrowded with ships that have arrived safely being laden with costly things, and whose fringes are variegated with white birds and fishes and the like lurk- ing in the thick bushes of the Nichula trees. क्षमया क्रोध इव जितः सिंहो मृग्याभिभूयते येषु । दत्ताभयखगमृगशावकेषु तेष्वाश्रमेष्वथवा ॥१३॥ Sloka 13.—Or, it may be done in hermitages, where a lion is subdued by a female deer, as anger by forgive- ness and where the young ones of birds and the deer roam about without any fear. काञ्चीकलापनूपुरगुरुजघनोद्वहनविघ्नितपदाभिः । श्रीमति मृगेक्षणाभिर्गृहेऽन्यभृतवल्गुवचनाभिः ॥१४॥ Sloka 14.—Or, it may be done in a prosperous house where the deer-eyed ladies speak as sweetly as cuckoos, and have their gait impeded by the weight of heavy hips, girdles and anklets. पुण्येष्वायतनेषु च तीर्थेषूद्यानरम्यदेशेषु । पूर्वोदक्प्लवभूमौ प्रदक्षिणाम्भोवहायां च ॥१५॥ Sloka 15.—Or, it may be done in holy temples, rivers (Tirthas), attractive regions of gardens, in a place where the earth slopes down towards the east or the north, or where the water flows from left to right. तथा च वृद्धगर्गः । समुद्रतीरे संधाने नदीनां सङ्गमे शुभे । महाह्रदेऽथवा तीर्थे देवतायतने तथा ॥ सर्वर्तुकुसुमोपेते वने द्विजवरैर्युते । गृहे रम्ये विविक्ते वा पुष्यस्नानं समाचरेत् ॥ भस्माङ्गारास्थ्युषरतुषकेशश्वभ्रार्कर्कटावासैः । श्वाविधमूषकविवरैर्वल्मीकैर्या च सन्त्यक्ता ॥१६॥

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 17-21.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 383 धात्री घना सुगन्धा स्निग्धा मधुरा समा च विजयाय । सेनावासेऽप्येवं योजयितव्या यथायोगम् ॥१७॥ Slokas 16-17.—It is auspicious when the ablution is performed in a place where the ground is free from ashes, charcoal, bones, sandy mud, husk, hair, pits, burrows of crabs as well as from burrow-dwelling animals, rat-holes and ant-hills. The patch of earth which is hard (not hollow), sweet-smelling, glossy (not arid), sweet and even (without ups and downs), augurs victory. The same holds good in the case of encampment of armies as well, according to circumstances. निष्क्रम्य पुरान्नक्तं दैवज्ञामात्ययाजकाः प्राच्याम् । कौबेर्यां वा कृत्वा बलिं दिशीशाधिपायां वा ॥१८॥ लाजाक्षतदधिकुसुमैः प्रयतः प्रणतः पुरोहितः कुर्यात् । आवाहनमथ मन्त्रस्तस्मिन् मुनिभिः समुद्दिष्टः ॥१९॥ Slokas 18-19.—The astrologer, minister and sacrifi- cial priest should set out of the city at night and offer libations (oblations) in the east, north or north-east. Then, the pure priest devoutly performs the Avahana (infusion ceremony) with fried grains, coloured rice, curds and flowers; and the hymn prescribed for that by the sages is the following : आगच्छन्तु सुराः सर्वे येऽत्र पूजाभिलाषिणः । दिशो नागा द्विजाश्चैव ये चाप्यन्येऽङ्गभागिनः ॥२०॥ आवाह्यैवं ततः सर्वानिदं ब्रूयात्पुरोहितः । श्वः पूजां प्राप्य यास्यन्ति दत्वा शान्तिं महीपतेः ॥२१॥ Slokas 20-21.—"May all Gods who wish to be honoured with worship come here as well as the others viz., quarters, serpents, sages and others that partake of the sacrificial offerings!" The priest after calling upon

बृहत्संहितायाम् आवाहितेषु कृत्वा पूजां तां शर्वरीं वसेयुस्ते । सदसत्स्वप्ननिमित्तं यात्रायां स्वप्नविधिरुक्तः ॥२२॥ तथा च यात्रायाम् । दुकूलमुक्तामणिभृन्नरेन्द्रः समन्त्रिदैवज्ञपुरोहितोऽतः । स्वदेवतागारमनुप्रविश्य निवेशयेत्तत्र दिगीश्वराचाम् ॥ अभ्यर्च्य मन्त्रैस्तु पुरोहितस्ता मघश्च तस्यां भुवि संस्कृतायाम् । दर्भैश्च कृत्वास्तरमक्षतैस्तां लिखेत्समन्तात्सितसर्षपैश्च ॥ ब्राह्मीं सदूर्वामथ नागपुष्पीं कृत्वोपधानं शिरसि क्षितीशः । पूजार्घजान् पुष्यफलाभिधानानाशासु दध्याच्चतुरःक्रमेण ॥ यज्जाग्रतो दूरमुदैति देवमावर्त्य मन्त्रं प्रयतस्त्रिरेतम् । लब्ध्वेकमृग्दक्षिणपार्श्वशायी स्वप्नं परीक्षेत यथोपदेशम् ॥ नमः शम्भो त्रिनेत्राय रुद्राय वरदाय च । वामनाय विरूपाय स्वप्नाधिपतये नमः ॥ भगवन् देवदेवेश शूलभृद्वृषवाहन । इष्टानिष्टं समाचक्ष्व स्वप्ने स्वप्नस्य शाश्वतम् ॥ इष्टमन्त्रान् ततः स्मृत्वा शिवशक्तिपुरोगमान् । अभ्यर्थनां ततस्तस्य कृत्वा सुप्रयतो नृपः ॥ एकवस्त्रे कुशास्तीर्णे सुप्तः प्रयतमानसः । निशान्ते पश्यति स्वप्नं शुभं वा यदि वाऽशुभम् ॥ अपरेऽहनि प्रभाते सम्भारानुपहरेद्यथोक्तगुणान् । गत्वावनिप्रदेशे श्लोकाश्चाप्यत्र मुनिगीताः ॥२३॥

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 24-30.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 385 the earth, and the following are the verses enunciated by the ancient sage on this subject. तस्मिन्मण्डलमालिख्य कल्पयेत्तत्र मेदिनीम् । नानारत्नाकरवतीं स्थानानि विविधानि च ॥२४॥ पुरोहितो यथास्थानं नागान् यक्षान् सुरान् पितॄन् । गन्धर्वाप्सरसश्चैव मुनीन् सिद्धांश्च विन्यसेत् ॥२५॥ ग्रहांश्च सर्वनक्षत्रै रुद्रांश्च सह मातृभिः । स्कन्दं विष्णुं विशाखं च लोकपालान् सुरस्त्रियः ॥२६॥ वर्णकैर्विविधैः कृत्वा हृद्यैर्गन्धगुणान्वितैः । यथास्वं पूजयेद्विद्वान् गन्धमाल्यानुलेपनैः ॥२७॥ भक्ष्यैरन्नैश्च विविधैः फलमूलामिषैस्तथा । पानैश्च विविधैर्हृद्यैः सुराक्षीरासवादिभिः ॥२८॥ Slokas 24-28.—In that place, a circle should be drawn by the priest and filled with varieties of gems, and places kept apart for worshipping the different dei- ties, viz., Serpents, Yakshas, Gods, Manes, Gandharwas, Nymphs, Sages and Siddhas. The learned priest should draw with various coloured powders the figures of the planets with all the stars, Rudras, the Mothers (7 in number), Skanda, Vishnu, Visakha, the protectors of the quarters and divine ladies, and duly worship them with perfumes, garlands, scented paste, eatables and food of various kinds and varieties of roots, fruits and meat and attractive drinks such as toddy, milk and wine. कथयाम्यतः परमहं पूजामस्मिन् यथाभिलिखितानाम् । ग्रहयज्ञे यः प्रोक्तो विधिर्ग्रहाणां स कर्तव्यः ॥२९॥ मांसौदनमद्याद्यैः पिशाचदितितनयदानवाः पूज्याः । अभ्यञ्जनाञ्जनतिलैः पितरो मांसौदनैश्चापि ॥३०॥ बृ. सं. 49

386 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 31-33. सामयजुर्भिर्मुुनयस्त्वृग्भिर्गन्धैश्च धूपमाल्ययुतैः । अश्लेषकवर्णैस्त्रिमधुरेण चाभ्यर्चयेन्नागान् ॥३१॥ धूपाज्याहुतिमाल्यैर्विबुधान् रत्नैः स्तुतिप्रणामैश्च ॥ गन्धर्वानप्सरसो गन्धैर्माल्यैश्च सुसुगन्धैः ॥३२॥ शेषांस्तु सार्ववर्णिकबलिभिः पूजां न्यसेच्च सर्वेषाम् । प्रतिसरवस्त्रपताकाभूषणयज्ञोपवीतानि ॥३३॥ Slokas 29-33.—Now I shall explain the mode of worshipping the deities drawn in the circle. As for the planets, the same method as given in the यात्रा in con- nection with planetary sacrifices should be followed. The Danavas, Daityas and Pisachas are to be worshipped with flesh, rice, liquor, etc.; the Manes with oil bath, collyrium, sesamum, meat and rice; the sages with hymns from Sama, Yajus and Rig Vedas, perfumes, in- cense and garlands; the serpents with unmixed colours and the triple sweet—honey, ghee and sugar; the Gods with incense, ghee, oblations, garlands, gems, invocations and salutations; the Gandharwas and the nymphs with fine perfumes and sweet-smelling garlands; the remain- ing deities with multi-coloured offerings. All the deities should be worshipped and also strings dipped in saffron- paste, cloths, flags, ornaments and sacred threads should be placed in their respective compartments. तद्यथा—यात्रायां ग्रहयज्ञे तत्राचार्तान्नमयसवितुः । पालाशिकी समित् वैकङ्कतजाता तथा स्रुक् च । आकृष्णेति च मन्त्रो रक्ता गन्धाः सहागुरुणा ॥ माषांतसीतिलाश्वकमुद्गान् चणकान् विहाय भोज्यविधिः । वकुंलार्कागस्त्यपलाशवाशयकीकुसुमपूजा च ॥ अर्कसमसङ्ख्यकेभ्यो विप्रेभ्यो दक्षिणा हिताग्निक्यः । देया वृषकनकमही सहस्रकिरणं समुद्दिश्य—इत्यादि ॥

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 34-38.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 389 मण्डलपश्चिमभागे कृत्वाग्निं दक्षिणेऽथवा वेद्याम् । आदद्यात्सम्भारान् दर्भान् दीर्घानगर्भांश्च ॥३४॥ लाजाज्याक्षतदधिमधुसिद्धार्थकगन्धसुमनसो धूपः । गोरोचनाञ्जनतिलाः ऋतुजमधुराणि च फलानि ॥३५॥ सघृतस्य पायसस्य च तत्र शरावाणि तैश्च सम्भारैः । पश्चिमवेद्यां पूजां कुर्यात्स्नानस्य सा वेदी ॥३६॥ Slokas 34-36.—To the west or the south of the circle, fire should be kindled on the sacrificial altar and all the necessary materials collected as well as long blades of Darbha grass that have passed their sprouting stage ; and fried grains, ghee, coloured rice, curd, honey, white mustard seeds, perfumes, flowers, incense, yellow orpi- ment, collyrium, sesamum and sweet fruits of the season. On the circle should be placed earthen plates filled with ghee and Payasa and with these materials, worship should be done on the western altar, as this is the one recommended for the royal ablution. तस्याः कोणेषु दृढान् कलशान् सितसूत्रवेष्टितग्रीवान् । सक्षीरवृक्षपल्लवफलापिधानान् व्यवस्थाप्य ॥३७॥ पुष्यस्नानविमिश्रेणापूर्णानम्भसा सरत्नांश्च । पुष्यस्नानद्रव्याण्यादद्याद्गर्गगीतानि ॥३८॥ Slokas 37-38.—And in the four corners of the altar should be placed strong pots with white strings tied round their necks, and sprouts of milky trees and fruits on their mouths. They should be filled with water con- taining the herbs prescribed for the ablution, and gems and then the materials for the ablution enumerated by Sage Garga as hereunder (vide next two Slokas), should be collected.

388 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 39-44. तथा च गर्गः कलशैर्हेमताम्रैश्च राजतैर्मृन्मयैस्तथा । सूत्रसंवेष्टितग्रीवैश्चन्दनागुरुचर्चितैः ॥ प्रशस्तवृक्षपत्रैश्च फलपुष्पसमन्वितैः । पुण्यतोयेन सम्पूर्णै रत्नगर्भैर्मनोहरैः—इति ॥ ज्योतिष्मतीं त्रायमाणामभयामपराजिताम् । जीवां विश्वेश्वरीं पाठां समङ्गां विजयां तथा ॥३९॥ सहां च सहदेवीं च पूर्णकोशां शतावरीम् । अरिष्टिकां शिवां भद्रां तेषु कुम्भेषु विन्यसेत् ॥४०॥ ब्राह्मीं क्षेमामजां चैव सर्वबीजानि काञ्चनीम् । मङ्गल्यानि यथालाभं सर्वौषध्योरसांस्तथा ॥४१॥ रत्नानि सर्वगन्धांश्च बिल्वं च सविकङ्कतम् । प्रशस्तनाम्न्यश्चौषधयो हिरण्यं मङ्गलानि च ॥४२॥ Slokas 39-42.—The Jyotishmatee (a kind of herb known in Tamil as வாலுளுவை), Trayamana (a herb), Haritaki (கடுக்காய்), Samee, (செம்பை) Jeevantee, Viswe- swaree, Patha, red madder, Vacha (வசம்பு) Saha, Saha- devee, Poornakosa, Satavaree, Arishtika, Siva (அரு நெல்லி), Bhadra, Bramhee (பொன்னாங்காணி), Kshema, Aja, all kinds of seeds, Kanchanee, all auspicious things (such as curds, coloured rice and flowers) as far as available, all herbs, juices of different tastes, gems, all perfumes, Bilva and Vikankata fruits, herbs bearing auspicious names, gold and auspicious materials—all these are to be put into the several pots. आदावनडुहश्चर्म जरया संहतायुषः । प्रशस्तलक्षणभृतः प्राचीनग्रीवमास्तरेत् ॥४३॥ ततो वृषस्य योधस्य चर्म रोहितमक्षतम् । सिंहस्याथ तृतीयं स्याद्व्याघ्रस्य च ततः परम् ॥४४॥

Adh XLVIII. Sl. 45-49.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 389 चत्वार्येतानि चर्माणि तस्यां वेद्यामुपास्तरेत् । शुभे मुहूर्ते सम्प्राप्ते पुष्ययुक्ते निशाकरे ॥४५॥ Slokas 43.45. - At first, the skin of a bull bearing auspicious marks, which had died after full age should be spread on the altar with the neck turned to the east. Over this, should be placed a red and unimpaired skin of a fighting bull. Over this is to be spread a lion's skin, and over that, a tiger's. This is to be done in an aus- picious Muhurta when the Moon is on the star Pushya. भद्रासनमेकतमेन कारितं कनकरजतताम्राणाम् । क्षीरतरुनिर्मितं वा विन्यस्यं चर्मणामुपरि ॥४६॥ त्रिविधस्तस्योच्छ्रायो हस्तः पादाधिकोऽर्धयुक्तश्च । माण्डलिकानन्तरजित्समस्तराज्यार्थिनां शुभदः ॥४७॥ Slokas 46-47.- The throne made of gold, silver or copper or of any milky tree is to be placed on the afore- said skins. If its height is one cubit, one and a quarter, and one and a half cubits, it will prove beneficial to rulers of states, conquerors of neighbouring kingdoms and those who wish to bring the whole earth under their sway respectively. अन्तर्धाय हिरण्यं तत्रोपविशेन्नरेश्वरः सुमनाः । सचिवाप्तपुरोहितदैवपौरकल्याणनामवृतः ॥४८॥ वन्दिजनपौरविप्रैः प्रघृष्टपुण्याहवेदनिर्घोषैः । समृदङ्गशङ्खतूर्यैर्मङ्गलशब्दैर्हतानिष्टः ॥४९॥ Slokas 48-49.-Having placed gold on the throne (having put some gold inside the throne), the King should sit on it with a happy mind, in the company of his ministers, trustworthy friends, preceptors, astrologers, citizens, and those having auspicious names; and with bards, townsmen and Brahmins shouting and chanting

390 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 50-54 in a chorus the Punyaha hymn and the Vedas; and all evils warded off through the auspicious sounds of tabors, conchs and other musical instruments. अहतक्षौमनिवसनं पुरोहितः कम्बलेन सञ्छाद्य । कृतबलिपूजं कलशैरभिषिञ्चेत् सर्पिषा पूर्णैः ॥५०॥ Sloka 50.—Then the preceptor should anoint the King who is clad in fresh (unwashed) silken garments, and who has offered oblations and worship to the deities, with ghee contained in pots after covering him with a blanket. अष्टावष्टाविंशतिरष्टशतं वापि कलशपरिमाणम् । अधिकेऽधिके गुणोत्तरमयं च मन्त्रोऽत्र मुनिगीतः ॥५१॥ Sloka 51.—The number of holy pots to be used is eight or twenty eight or a hundred and eight. The greater the number of pots consecrated, the greater will be the efficacy. The following is the hymn composed by the Senior Garga for the anointing ceremony. आज्यं तेजः समुद्दिष्टमाज्यं पापहरं परम् । आज्यं सुराणामाहार आज्ये लोकाः प्रतिष्ठिताः ॥५२॥ भौमान्तरिक्षं दिव्यं वा यत्ते कल्मषमागतम् । सर्वं तदाज्यसंस्पर्शात् प्रणाशमुपगच्छतु ॥५३॥ Slokas 52-53.—Consecrated ghee has been men- tioned as power (splendour); it is the best dispeller of sins; it is the food of the Gods; on it are established all the worlds. Whatever sin - terrestrial, atmospheric or celestial—has befallen you, may all that melt away by your contact with this sanctified ghee." कम्बलमपनीय ततः पुण्यस्नानाम्बुभिः सफलपुष्पैः । अभिषिञ्चेन्मनुजेन्द्रं पुरोहितोऽनेन मन्त्रेण ॥५४॥

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 55-65.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 391 Sloka 54.—Then, the royal priest should remove the blanket and bathe the king with the “ Waters of the Royal Ablution ” containing fruits and flowers, reciting the following hymns : सुरास्त्वामभिषिञ्चन्तु ये च सिद्धाः पुरातनाः । ब्रह्मा विष्णुश्च रुद्रश्च साध्याश्च समरुद्गणाः ॥५५॥ आदित्या वसवो रुद्रा अश्विनौ च भिषग्वरौ । अदितिर्देवमाता च स्वाहा सिद्धिः सरस्वती ॥५६॥ कीर्तिर्लक्ष्मीर्धृतिः श्रीश्च सिनीवाली कुहूस्तथा । दनुश्च सुरसा चैव विनता कद्रुरेव च ॥५७॥ देवपत्न्यश्च या नोक्ता देवमातर एव च । सर्वास्त्वामभिषिञ्चन्तु दिव्याश्चाप्सरसां गणाः ॥५८॥ नक्षत्राणि मुहूर्त्ताश्च पक्षाहोरात्रसन्धयः । संवत्सरा दिनेशाश्च कलाः काष्ठाः क्षणा लवाः ॥५९॥ सर्वे त्वामभिषिञ्चन्तु कालस्यावयवाः शुभाः । एते चान्ये च मुनयो वेदव्रतपरायणाः ॥६०॥ सशिष्यास्तेऽभिषिञ्चन्तु सदाराश्च तपोधनाः । वैमानिकाः सुरगणा मनवः सागरैः सह ॥६१॥ सरितश्च महाभागा नागाः किम्पुरुषास्तथा । वैखानसा महाभागा द्विजा वैहायसाश्च ये ॥६२॥ सप्तर्षयः सदाराश्च ध्रुवस्थानानि यानि च । मरीचिरत्रिः पुलहः पुलस्त्यः क्रतुरङ्गिराः ॥६३॥ भृगुः सनत्कुमारश्च सनकोऽथ सनन्दनः । सनातनश्च दक्षश्च जैगीषव्यो भगन्दरः ॥६४॥ एकतश्च द्वितश्चैव त्रितो जाबालिकश्यपौ । दुर्वासा दुर्विनीतश्च कण्वः कात्यायनस्तथा ॥६५॥

392 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. 66-70. मार्कण्डेयो दीर्घतपाः शुनःशेफो विदूरथः । ऊर्वः संवर्त्तकश्चैव च्यवनोऽत्रिः पराशरः ॥६६॥ द्वैपायनो यवक्रीतो देवराजः सहानुजः । पर्वतास्तरवो वल्ल्यः पुण्यान्यायतनानि च ॥६७॥ प्रजापतिर्दितिश्चैव गावो विश्वस्य मातरः । वाहनानि च दिव्यानि सर्वलोकाश्चराचराः ॥६८॥ अग्नयः पितरस्तारा जीमूताः खं दिशो जलम् । एते चान्ये च बहवः पुण्यसङ्कीर्त्तनाः शुभैः ॥६९॥ तोयैस्त्वामभिषिञ्चन्तु सर्वोत्पातनिवर्हणैः । यथामिषिक्तो मघवानेतैर्मुदितमानसैः ॥७०॥ Slokas 55-70.—May the Gods bathe you, and the ancient Siddhas, Brahman, Vishnu, Rudra, Sadhyas, groups of Maruts, the Suns, Vasus, Rudras, the great celestial physicians, Aditi, the mother of the Gods, Svaha, Siddhi, Saraswati, Kirti, Lakshmi, Dhriti, Sree, Sineevali, Kuhu, Danu, Surasa, Vinata, Kadru, the consorts of Gods that have not been mentioned so far, and also mothers of Gods, may all these bathe you! The groups of divine nymphs, the stars, Muhurtas, Fortnights, Days, Nights, the three junctions, Years, the lords of Day (the Sun and other planets), Minutes, Seconds Moments, Lavas (the sixth part of a twinkling), all these, and other auspicious divisions of Time, may they bathe you! Sages engaged in the propogation of the Vedas, and hermits with their wives and disciples bathe you! The Vaimanikas (owners of aerial chariots), groups of Gods, Manus, Oceans Rivers, the great Serpents, Kimpurushas, Vaikhanasas, the great Brahmins, Vaihayasas, the seven seers with their wives, the Fixed Places, Marichi, Atri, Pulaha,

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 71-73.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 398: Pulasthya, Kratu, Angiras, Bhrigu, Sanatkumara, Sanaka, Sanandana, Sanatana, Daksha, Jaigeeshavya, Bhagan- dara, Ekata, Dwita, Trita, Jabali, Kasyapa, Durvasas, Durvineeta, Kanwa, Katyayana, Markandeya, Deergha- tapas, Sunassepha, Viduratha, Urva, Samvarthaka, Chya- vana, Atri, Parasara, Dwaipayana, Yavakreeta, Deva- raja and his younger brother, Mountains, Trees, Creep- ers, Holy places, Prajapati, Diti, Cows, the Mothers of the Universe, Divine Vehicles, all the Worlds, the Moving and Stationary Beings, Fires, Manes, Stars, Clouds, Sky, Quarters, Water, these and many others of auspicious names bathe you with holy waters that destroy all the portents, just as Indra was anointed by all these with a happy mind ! इत्येतैश्चान्यैश्चाप्यथर्वकल्पाहितैः सरुद्रगणैः । कौष्माण्डमहारौहिणकुबेरहृद्यैः समृद्ध्या च ॥७१॥ Sloka 71.—With these hymns and others prescribed in the books on rituals belonging to the Atharva Veda, Rudragana (11 Anuvakas), Kausmanda (six anuvakas), Maharauhina, Kubera Hridaya and the Samriddhi Rik, the above anointing ceremony should be done. आपोहिष्ठातिसृभिर्हिरण्यवर्णेति चतसृभिर्जप्तम् । कार्पासिकवस्त्रयुगं बिभृयात्स्नातो नराधिपतिः ॥७२॥ Sloka 72.—After a bath, the King should wear a pair of cotton cloths, sanctified by the three verses of the hymn commencing with आपोहिष्ठा and by the four be- ginning with हिरण्यवर्णा. पुण्याहशङ्खशब्दैराचान्तोऽभ्यर्च्य देवगुरुविप्रान् । छत्रध्वजायुधानि च ततः स्वपूजां प्रयुञ्जीत ॥ ॥७३॥ बृ. सं. 50

394 बृहत्संहितायां [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 74-78. Sloka 73.—Then the King sipping water, while the sounds of conchs and chanting of Punyaha hymns flou- rish, should worship Gods, Preceptors, Brahmins, his royal umbrella, banner and weapons and lastly his own guardian deity (or his usual worship to be done). आयुष्यं वर्चस्यं रायस्पोषामिर्ऋग्भिरेताभिः । परिजप्तं वैजयिकं नवं विदध्यादलङ्कारम् ॥७४॥ Sloka 74.—Then the King should wear new orna- ments conducive to victory, sanctified by the verses आयुष्यं, वर्चस्यं, रायस्पोष, etc. गत्वा द्वितीयवेदीं समुपविशेच्चर्मणामुपरि राजा । देयानि चैव चर्माप्युपर्युपर्य्येवमेतानि ॥७५॥ वृषस्य वृषदंशस्य रुरोश्च पृषतस्य च । तेषामुपरि सिंहस्य व्याघ्रस्य च ततः परम् ॥७६॥ Slokas 75-76.—Going to the second sacrificial altar, the King should sit on the skins which are to be placed one over another in this manner--first, the skin of a bull is placed, over this, that of a cat, over this, that of an antelope, over this, that of a spotted deer, over these, the lion's, and lastly, the tiger's over them. मुख्यस्थाने जुहुयात् पुरोहितोऽग्निं समिचित्लघृताद्यैः । त्रिनयनशक्रबृहस्पतिनारायणनित्यगतिऋग्भिः ॥७७॥ Sloka 77.—In the chief place (right side), the priest should make offerings of sacrificial twigs, sesamum, ghee, etc., into the fire with hymns addressed to Siva, Indra, Brihaspati, Narayana and Vayu. इन्द्रध्वजनिर्दिष्टान्यग्निनिमित्तानि दैवविद्ब्रूयात् । कृत्वाऽशेषसमाप्तिं पुरोहितः प्राञ्जलिर्ब्रूयात् ॥७८॥

Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 79-81.] अष्टाचत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः 395 Sloka 78.—The astrologer should tell the auguries, of Fire, explained in the chapter on 'Indra's Banner' (Adh. XLIII. P. 324, Supra). The priest having finished all the rites, should recite the following with folded palms : यान्तु देवगणाः सर्वे पूजामादाय पार्थिवात् । सिद्धिं दत्वा तु विपुलां पुनरागमनाय च ॥७९॥ Sloka 79.—" May all the groups of Gods depart and come back on another occasion, having now received worship at the hands of the King, and bestowed great success on him". नृपतिरतो दैवज्ञं पुरोहितं चार्चयेद्धनैर्बहुभिः । अन्यांश्च दक्षिणीयान् यथोचितं श्रोत्रियप्रभृतीन् ॥८०॥ Sloka 80.—The King then should honour the astro- loger, priest and others worthy of Dakshina such as Vedic scholars, with large gifts of money according to their merits. तथा च गर्गः । दत्त्वा वित्तं ब्राह्मणेभ्यो गावो हेमपरिष्कृताः । वास्तु युग्मं महीं रूप्यं तेभ्यश्च बहुभोजनम् ॥ शङ्खभेरीस्वनैर्दिव्यैर्गीतैश्चैव मनोहरैः । सम्प्रविश्य ततो राजा सचिवैः परिवारितः ॥ श्वेतकुञ्जरमारूढः श्वेतमश्वमथापि वा । श्वेतचन्दनालिप्ताङ्गः श्वेताम्बरधरः शुभः ॥ पुरस्ताद्विकिरैर्दिष्ट्तमाशीर्वादैश्च पूजितः । दत्वाऽभयं प्रजानामाघातस्थानगान् विसृज्य पशून् । बन्धनमोक्षं कुर्यादभ्यन्तरदोषकृद्वर्जम् ॥८१॥ Sloka 81.—The King should please his subjects (by a proclamation to the effect of protecting them against all odds), release the animals from the hands of butchers,

398 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. XLVIII. Sl. 82-85. and order a general amnesty to prisoners except those that threaten the internal peace of the country. एतत्प्रयुज्यमानं प्रतिपुष्यं सुखयशोऽर्थवृद्धिकरम् । पुष्याद्दिनाधंफलदा पौषी शान्तिः परा प्रोक्ता ॥८२॥ Sloka 82.—Should the King perform this ceremony every time the Moon is in Pushya, he would get increased happiness, fame and wealth. If it be performed at any other time, it would yield only half the benefits men- tioned. For, the expiatory ceremony done during the Full Moon in the month of Pushya is declared to be the foremost. राष्ट्रोत्पातोपसर्गेषु राहोः केतोश्च दर्शने । ग्रहावमर्दने चैव पुष्यस्नानं समाचरेत् ॥८३॥ Sloka 83.—The royal ablution should be performed when a kingdom is afflicted with portents and disasters (like epidemics), when there is an eclipse, when Ketu is sighted and when there is a planetary war. नास्ति लोके स उत्पातो यो ह्यनेन न शाम्यति । मङ्गल चापर नास्ति यदस्मादतिरिच्यते ॥८४॥ Sloka 84.—There is no portent in the world that is not remedied by this ; and there is no auspicious rite that surpasses this ceremony. तथा च गर्गः । प्रतिपुष्येण यो राजा स्नायीत विधिपूर्वकम् । तस्य राष्ट्रे न सीदन्ति मर्त्या ये जन्तवो भुवि ॥ अधिराज्यार्थिनो राज्ञः पुत्रजन्म च काङ्क्षतः । तत्पूर्वमभिषेके च विधिरेश प्रशस्यते ॥८५॥ Sloka 85.—This ceremony is highly commendable at a king's coronation, when he aspires for the sove- reignty over an empire and longs for the birth of a son.

XLVIII. 86-87, XLIX. 1-3.] एकोनपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः 397 महेन्द्रार्थमुवाचेदं बृहत्कीर्तिर्बृहस्पतिः । स्नानमायुःप्रजावृद्धिसौभाग्यकरणं परम् ॥८६॥ Sloka 86.—For the sake of Indra, Brihaspati of great renown taught this Ablution, which confers unique longevity, increase of offspring and happiness. अनेनैव विधानेन हस्त्यश्वं स्नापयेत्ततः । तस्यामयविनिर्मुक्तं परां सिद्धिमवाप्नुयात् ॥८७॥ Sloka 87.—The King who afterwards bathes his horses and elephants in the same manner, will see them free from illness and attain great success. Thus ends the 48th Adhyaya on " Royal Ablution. " पट्टलक्षणम् ॥४९॥ Royal Crowns· विस्तरशो निर्दिष्टं पट्टानां लक्षणं यदाचार्यैः । तत्सङ्क्षेपः क्रियते मयाऽत्र सकलार्थसम्पन्नः ॥१॥ Sloka 1.—In this chapter, I am giving a summary containing all the ideas of the characteristics of royal diadems that have been treated of at length by the ancient seers (such as Kasyapa). पट्टः शुभदो राज्ञां मध्येऽष्टावङ्गुलानि विस्तीर्णः । सप्त नरेन्द्रमहिष्याः षड् युवराजस्य निर्दिष्टः ॥२॥ चतुरङ्गुलविस्तारः पट्टः सेनापतेर्भवति मध्ये । द्वे च प्रसादपट्टः पञ्चैते कीर्तिताः पट्टाः ॥३॥ Slokas 2-3.—The crown of a King, should, to be auspicious, have an expansion of eight digits in the